Research Article
Year 2024,
, 40 - 45, 24.04.2024
Abstract
Objective: Nephrotic syndrome is the most frequent cause of membranous nephropathy (MN) in adults. Growth differentiation factor (GDF)-15 is a cytokine released under stress and associated with increased incidence of chronic kidney disease and/or decreased renal function in conditions such as diabetic nephropathy, IgA nephropathy, lupus nephritis, and primary MN. The diagnosis of MN is made by biopsy, which is an invasive procedure. A non-invasive biomarker is needed for timely and risk-free diagnosis. This study aimed to estimate the GDF-15 level in patients with MN to determine if it can be used as a noninvasive biomarker for the diagnosis of MN.
Materials and Methods: The study included 88 patients with MN. Sera were obtained from peripheral blood collected from the patients. GDF-15 levels were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: GDF-15 level was high in older patients that in younger patients. The glomerular filtration rate was low in patients with increased GDF-15 levels. Furthermore, a decrease in GDF-15 levels was observed in patients in remission.
Conclusion: GDF-15 level may be used as a biomarker to predict the progression of MN rather than a diagnostic biomarker.
Keywords
Ethical Statement
This study was approved by the clinical experiments local ethical committee of Istanbul University Istanbul Faculty of Medicine (date: 03/10/2018, number: 2018/1260).
Supporting Institution
The study was supported by the approval of the Istanbul University Scientific Research and Project (BAP) commission with code number TYL-2018-32358.
Project Number
32358
References
- Stanescu HC, Arcos-Burgos M, Medlar A, Bockenhauer D, Kottgen A, Dragomirescu L, et al. Risk HLA-DQA1 and PLA2R1 alleles in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 616-26. google scholar
- Lai WL, Yeh TH, Chen PM, Chan CK, Chiang WC, Chen YM, et al. Membranous nephropathy: a review on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. J Formos Med Assoc 2015; 114: 102-11. google scholar
- Ham YR, Song CH, Bae HJ, Jeong JY, Yeo MK, Choi DE, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 as a predictor of idiopathic membranous nephropathy progression: a retrospective study. Dis Markers 2018: 1463940. google scholar
- Wu L, Luo L, Zhou L, Li N, Qin, X. GDF-15 and sST-2 act as biomarkers of disease severity but not independent predictors in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111: 109150. google scholar
- Lajer M, Jorsal A, Tarnow L, Parving HH, Rossing P. Plasma growth differentiation factor- 15 independently predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality as well as deterioration of kidney function in type 1 diabetic patients with nephropathy. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 1567- 72. google scholar
- Ho JE, Hwang SJ, Wollert KC, Larson MG, Cheng S, Kempf T, et al. Biomarkers of cardiovascular stress and incident chronic kidney disease. Clin Chem 2013; 59: 1613-20. google scholar
- Krintus M, Braga F, Kozinski M, Borille S, Kubica J, Sypniewska G, et al. A study of biological and lifestyle factors, including within-subject variation, affecting concentrations of growth differentiation factor 15 in serum. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 57(7): 1035-43. google scholar
- Hamon S M, Griffin T P, Islam M N, Wall D, Griffin MD, O’Shea PM. Defining reference intervals for a serum growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) assay in a Caucasian population and its potential utility in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 57(4): 510-20. google scholar
- Zhu H, Han Q, Zhang D, Wang Y, Gao J, Yang X, et al. The clinicopathological features of patients with membranous nephropathy. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2018; 11: 33. google scholar
- Breit SN, Johnen H, Cook AD, Mohammad MG, Kuffner T, Zhanget HP, et al. The TGF-0 superfamily cytokine, MIC-1/GDF15: a pleotrophic cytokine with roles in inflammation, cancer and metabolism. Growth Factors 2011; 29: 187-95. google scholar
- Lankeit M, Kempf T, Dellas C, Cuny M, Tapken H, Peter T, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 for prognostic assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 177: 1018-25. google scholar
- Ferrari N, Pfeffer U, Dell’Eva R, Ambrosini C, Noonan DM, Albini A. The transforming growth factor-0 family members bone morphogenetic protein-2 and macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 as mediators of the antiangiogenic activity of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 4610-19. google scholar
- Kahli A, Guenancia C, Zeller M, Grosjean S, Stamboul K, Rochette L, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels are associated with cardiac and renal injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. PloS One 2014; 9(8): e105759. google scholar
- Frimodt-M0ller M, von Scholten BJ, Reinhard H, Jacobsen PK, Hansen TW, Persson FI, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 and fibroblast growth factor-23 are associated with mortality in type 2 diabetes-an observational follow-up study. PloS One 2018; 13(4): e0196634. google scholar
- Kim JS, Kim S, Won CW, Jeong KH. Association between plasma levels of growth differentiation factor-15 and renal function in the elderly: Korean frailty and aging cohort study. Kidney Blood Press Res 2019; 44: 405-14. google scholar
- Tuegel C, Katz R, Alam M, Bhat Z, Bellovich K, Boer L, et al. GDF-15, galectin 3, soluble ST2, and risk of mortality and cardiovascular events in CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2018; 72: 519-28. google scholar
- Breit SN, Carrero JJ, Tsai VWW, Yagoutifam N, Luo W, Kuffner T, et al. Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1/GDF15) and mortality in end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 70-5. google scholar
- Zhang W, Chu HC, Xue F. Assessing preoperative plasma growth-differentiation factor- 15 for prediction of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Critical Care 2017; 21: 53. google scholar
- Short CD, Feehally J, Gokal R, Mallick NP. Familial membranous nephropathy. Br Med J 1984; 289: 1500. google scholar
- World Health Organization: Nutritional anemias: Report of a WHO Scientific Group. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1968; 405: 5-37. google scholar
Year 2024,
, 40 - 45, 24.04.2024
Abstract
Project Number
32358
References
- Stanescu HC, Arcos-Burgos M, Medlar A, Bockenhauer D, Kottgen A, Dragomirescu L, et al. Risk HLA-DQA1 and PLA2R1 alleles in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. N Engl J Med 2011; 364: 616-26. google scholar
- Lai WL, Yeh TH, Chen PM, Chan CK, Chiang WC, Chen YM, et al. Membranous nephropathy: a review on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. J Formos Med Assoc 2015; 114: 102-11. google scholar
- Ham YR, Song CH, Bae HJ, Jeong JY, Yeo MK, Choi DE, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 as a predictor of idiopathic membranous nephropathy progression: a retrospective study. Dis Markers 2018: 1463940. google scholar
- Wu L, Luo L, Zhou L, Li N, Qin, X. GDF-15 and sST-2 act as biomarkers of disease severity but not independent predictors in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 111: 109150. google scholar
- Lajer M, Jorsal A, Tarnow L, Parving HH, Rossing P. Plasma growth differentiation factor- 15 independently predicts all-cause and cardiovascular mortality as well as deterioration of kidney function in type 1 diabetic patients with nephropathy. Diabetes Care 2010; 33: 1567- 72. google scholar
- Ho JE, Hwang SJ, Wollert KC, Larson MG, Cheng S, Kempf T, et al. Biomarkers of cardiovascular stress and incident chronic kidney disease. Clin Chem 2013; 59: 1613-20. google scholar
- Krintus M, Braga F, Kozinski M, Borille S, Kubica J, Sypniewska G, et al. A study of biological and lifestyle factors, including within-subject variation, affecting concentrations of growth differentiation factor 15 in serum. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 57(7): 1035-43. google scholar
- Hamon S M, Griffin T P, Islam M N, Wall D, Griffin MD, O’Shea PM. Defining reference intervals for a serum growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) assay in a Caucasian population and its potential utility in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; 57(4): 510-20. google scholar
- Zhu H, Han Q, Zhang D, Wang Y, Gao J, Yang X, et al. The clinicopathological features of patients with membranous nephropathy. Int J Nephrol Renovasc Dis 2018; 11: 33. google scholar
- Breit SN, Johnen H, Cook AD, Mohammad MG, Kuffner T, Zhanget HP, et al. The TGF-0 superfamily cytokine, MIC-1/GDF15: a pleotrophic cytokine with roles in inflammation, cancer and metabolism. Growth Factors 2011; 29: 187-95. google scholar
- Lankeit M, Kempf T, Dellas C, Cuny M, Tapken H, Peter T, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 for prognostic assessment of patients with acute pulmonary embolism. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2018; 177: 1018-25. google scholar
- Ferrari N, Pfeffer U, Dell’Eva R, Ambrosini C, Noonan DM, Albini A. The transforming growth factor-0 family members bone morphogenetic protein-2 and macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 as mediators of the antiangiogenic activity of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide. Clin Cancer Res 2005; 11: 4610-19. google scholar
- Kahli A, Guenancia C, Zeller M, Grosjean S, Stamboul K, Rochette L, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) levels are associated with cardiac and renal injury in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. PloS One 2014; 9(8): e105759. google scholar
- Frimodt-M0ller M, von Scholten BJ, Reinhard H, Jacobsen PK, Hansen TW, Persson FI, et al. Growth differentiation factor-15 and fibroblast growth factor-23 are associated with mortality in type 2 diabetes-an observational follow-up study. PloS One 2018; 13(4): e0196634. google scholar
- Kim JS, Kim S, Won CW, Jeong KH. Association between plasma levels of growth differentiation factor-15 and renal function in the elderly: Korean frailty and aging cohort study. Kidney Blood Press Res 2019; 44: 405-14. google scholar
- Tuegel C, Katz R, Alam M, Bhat Z, Bellovich K, Boer L, et al. GDF-15, galectin 3, soluble ST2, and risk of mortality and cardiovascular events in CKD. Am J Kidney Dis 2018; 72: 519-28. google scholar
- Breit SN, Carrero JJ, Tsai VWW, Yagoutifam N, Luo W, Kuffner T, et al. Macrophage inhibitory cytokine-1 (MIC-1/GDF15) and mortality in end-stage renal disease. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2012; 27: 70-5. google scholar
- Zhang W, Chu HC, Xue F. Assessing preoperative plasma growth-differentiation factor- 15 for prediction of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Critical Care 2017; 21: 53. google scholar
- Short CD, Feehally J, Gokal R, Mallick NP. Familial membranous nephropathy. Br Med J 1984; 289: 1500. google scholar
- World Health Organization: Nutritional anemias: Report of a WHO Scientific Group. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1968; 405: 5-37. google scholar
There are 20 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | English |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Genetics (Other), Clinical Sciences (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 32358 |
| Publication Date | April 24, 2024 |
| Submission Date | December 13, 2023 |
| Acceptance Date | April 5, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 |