Circadian Rhythm and Adjusting the Diet

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 287 - 296, 23.08.2023

Berrak Baştürk , Zeynep Özerson Koç

https://doi.org/10.56061/fbujohs.1156342

Öz

The circadian rhythm covers the physiological, biochemical and behavioral effects of the world's light and dark cycles on living things. Food intake time, sleep pattern, melatonin, nutrient content, microbiota affect circadian rhythm genes in peripheral tissues. Intake of food in the wrong circadian time, poor sleep, constant travel and lack of balanced nutrient intakes cause body weight gain, hypoglycemia, high glucose permeability and impaired activity of hepatic glucose regulatory genes. In order to avoid these metabolic effects, "chrono-nutrition", an emerging branch of chronobiology, states that in addition to the amount and content of food coordinated with the body's daily rhythms, mealtime is critical to the health of an organism and time-restricted nutrition must be present.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Energy Regulation, Circadian Rhythm, Sleep Pattern, Chrono‐nutrition

Circadian Rhythm and Adjusting the Diet

Öz

Sirkadiyen ritim dünyanın aydınlık ve karanlık döngüsünün canlılar üzerinde oluşturduğu fizyolojik, biyokimyasal ve davranışsal etkileri kapsamaktadır. Besin alım zamanı, uyku düzeni, melatonin, besin içeriği, mikrobiyata perifer dokulardaki sirkadiyen ritim genlerine etki etmektedir. Yanlış sirkadiyen zamanda besin alımı, kötü uyku, sürekli seyahat etme ve dengeli besin öğesi alımlarının olmaması vücut ağırlığının artışına, hipoglisemi, yüksek glukoz geçirgenliği ve hepatik glukoz düzenleyici genlerin etkinliğinin bozulmasına sebep olmaktadır. Bu metabolik etkilerin olmaması için gelişmekte olan bir krono biyoloji dalı olan "kronobeslenme" vücudun günlük ritimleriyle koordineli yiyecek miktarı ve içeriğinin olması gerektiğine ek olarak, yemek zamanının da bir organizmanın sağlığı için kritik olduğunu ve zaman kısıtlı beslenmenin olması gerektiğini belirtmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Energy Regulation, Circadian Rhythm, Sleep Pattern, Chrono‐nutrition

Kaynakça

• Adafer, R., Messaadi, W., Meddahi, M., Patey, A., Haderbache, A., Bayen, S., & Messaadi, N. (2020). Food timing, circadian rhythm and chrononutrition: a systematic review of time-restricted eating’s effects on human health. Nutrients, 12(12), 3770. doi: 10.3390/nu12123770.
• Amanpour, A., Kahraman, S., Cınar, B., Celik, F (2021). Blue Light Exposure Effect on Circadian Rhythm and Nutrition. Manısa celal bayar university journal of health science, 8(3), 566-573. doi:10.34087/cbusbed.891351
• Bandin, C., Scheer, F. A. J. L., Luque, A. J., Avila-Gandia, V., Zamora, S., Madrid, J. A., Garaulet, M. (2015). Meal timing affects glucose tolerance, substrate oxidation and circadian-related variables: A randomized, crossover trial. International journal of obesity, 39(5), 828-833. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2014.182.
• Basak, O., Balcı, C (2021). The Role of Circadian Rhythm In Health. Turkish Journal of Health Sciences and Research,4(2), 64-75. doi.org/10.51536/tusbad.922995.
• Beydoun, M. A., Gamaldo, A. A., Canas, J. A., Beydoun, H. A., Shah, M. T., McNeely, J. M., & Zonderman, A. B. (2014). Serum nutritional biomarkers and their associations with sleep among US adults in recent national surveys. PLoS One, 9(8), e103490. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103490.
• Bishehsari, F., Voigt, R. M., & Keshavarzian, A. (2020). Circadian rhythms and the gut microbiota: from the metabolic syndrome to cancer. Nature Reviews Endocrinology, 16(12), 731-739. doi: 10.1038/s41574-020-00427-4.
• Burke, L. M., Hawley, J. A., Wong, S. H., & Jeukendrup, A. E. (2011). Carbohydrates for training and competition. Journal of sports sciences, 29, 17-27. doi: 10.1080/02640414.2011.585473.
• Chaix, A., Lin, T., Le, H. D., Chang, M. W., & Panda, S. (2019). Time-restricted feeding prevents obesity and metabolic syndrome in mice lacking a circadian clock. Cell metabolism, 29(2), 303-319. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.08.004.
• Eckel-Mahan KL, Patel VR, de Mateo S, Orozco-Solis R, Ceglia NJ, Sahar S, Dilag-Penilla SA, Dyar KA, Baldi P, Sassone-Corsi P (2013). Reprogramming of the circadian clock by nutritional challenge. Cell, 155(7):1464-78. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.034.
• Flanagan, A., Bechtold, D. A., Pot, G. K., & Johnston, J. D. (2021). Chrono‐nutrition: from molecular and neuronal mechanisms to human epidemiology and timed feeding patterns. Journal of neurochemistry, 157(1), 53-72. doi: 10.1111/jnc.15246.
• Gupta, N. J., Kumar, V., & Panda, S. (2017). A camera-phone based study reveals erratic eating pattern and disrupted daily eating-fasting cycle among adults in India. PloS one, 12(3), e0172852. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172852.
• Haugen, H. A., Melanson, E. L., Tran, Z. V., Kearney, J. T., Hill, J. O. (2003). Variability of measured resting metabolic rate. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 78(6), 1141-1144. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/78.6.1141.
• Hernández-García, J., Navas-Carrillo, D., & Orenes-Piñero, E. (2020). Alterations of circadian rhythms and their impact on obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 60(6), 1038-1047. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1556579.
• Hsieh MC, Yang SC, Tseng HL, Hwang LL, Chen CT, Shieh KR (2010). Abnormal expressions of circadian-clock and circadian clock-controlled genes in the livers and kidneys of long-term, high-fat-diet-treated mice. Int J Obes, 34(2):227-39. doi: 10.1038/ijo.2009.228.
• Johnston, J. D., Ordovás, J. M., Scheer, F. A., & Turek, F. W. (2016). Circadian rhythms, metabolism, and chrononutrition in rodents and humans. Advances in nutrition, 7(2), 399-406. doi: 10.3945/an.115.010777.
• Kartlasmıs, K., Kökbas, U., Sanna, B., Alparslan, M. M., & Kayrın, L. (2017). Relationship between Epigenetics and Circadian Clock. Archives Medical Review Journal, 26(1), 50-62. doi:10.17827/aktd.280521.
• Kant, A. K. (2018). Eating patterns of US adults: Meals, snacks, and time of eating. Physiology & Behavior, 193, 270-278. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2018.03.022.
• Kronholm, E., Partonen, T., Laatikainen, T., Peltonen, M., Härmä, M., Hublin, C., ... & Sutela, H. (2008). Trends in self‐reported sleep duration and insomnia‐related symptoms in Finland from 1972 to 2005: a comparative review and re‐analysis of Finnish population samples. Journal of sleep research, 17(1), 54-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2008.00627.x.
• Kuhlman, S. J., Craig, L. M., & Duffy, J. F. (2018). Introduction to chronobiology. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 10(9), a033613. doi: 10.1101/cshperspect.a033613.
• Li, Y., Ma, J., Yao, K., Su, W., Tan, B., Wu, X., ... & Yin, J. (2020). Circadian rhythms and obesity: Timekeeping governs lipid metabolism. Journal of pineal research, 69(3), e12682.doi: 10.1007/s13668-014-0082-6. doi: 10.1111/jpi.12682.
• Lopez-Minguez, J., Gómez-Abellán, P., & Garaulet, M. (2019). Timing of breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Effects on obesity and metabolic risk. Nutrients, 11(11), 2624. doi: 10.3390/nu11112624.
• Masi, D., Spoltore, M. E., Rossetti, R., Watanabe, M., Tozzi, R., Caputi, A., ... & Lubrano, C. (2022). The Influence of Ketone Bodies on Circadian Processes Regarding Appetite, Sleep and Hormone Release: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Nutrients, 14(7), 1410. doi: 10.3390/nu14071410.
• McHill, A. W., Melanson, E. L., Higgins, J., Connick, E., Moehlman, T. M., Stothard, E. R., Wright, K. P. (2014). Impact of circadian misalignment on energy metabolism during simulated nightshift work. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(48), 17302-17307. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1412021111.
• Morris, M., Araujo, I. C., Pohlman, R. L., Marques, M. C., Rodwan, N. S., & Farah, V. M. (2012). Timing of fructose intake: an important regulator of adiposity. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 39(1), 57-62. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1681.2011.05636.x.
• Qasrawi, S. O., Pandi-Perumal, S. R., & BaHammam, A. S. (2017). The effect of intermittent fasting during Ramadan on sleep, sleepiness, cognitive function, and circadian rhythm. Sleep and Breathing, 21(3), 577-586. doi: 10.1007/s11325-017-1473-x.
• Oike, H., Oishi, K.,Kobori, M. (2014). Nutrients, clock genes, and chrononutrition. Current nutrition reports, 3(3), 204-212. doi: 10.1007/s13668-014-0082-6. doi: 10.1007/s13668-014-0082-6.
• Parkar, S. G., Kalsbeek, A.,Cheeseman, J. F. (2019). Potential role for the gut microbiota in modulating host circadian rhythms and metabolic health. Microorganisms, 7(2), 41. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms7020041.
• Poggiogalle, E., Jamshed, H., Peterson, C. M. (2018). Circadian regulation of glucose, lipid, and energy metabolism in humans. Metabolism, 84, 11–27. doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2017.11.017.
• Ribas-Latre, A., & Eckel-Mahan, K. (2022). Nutrients and the Circadian Clock: A Partnership Controlling Adipose Tissue Function and Health. Nutrients, 14(10), 2084. doi: 10.3390/nu14102084.
• Ruiz-Lozano, T., Vidal, J., De Hollanda, A., Scheer, F. A. J. L., Garaulet, M., & Izquierdo-Pulido, M. (2016). Timing of food intake is associated with weight loss evolution in severe obese patients after bariatric surgery. Clinical nutrition, 35(6), 1308-1314. doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.02.007.
• Serin, Y., & Tek, N. A. (2019). Effect of circadian rhythm on metabolic processes and the regulation of energy balance. Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism, 74(4), 322-330. doi: 10.1159/000500071.
• Schernhammer, E. S., Laden, F., Speizer, F. E., Willett, W. C., Hunter, D. J., Kawachi, I., & Colditz, G. A. (2001). Rotating night shifts and risk of breast cancer in women participating in the nurses' health study. Journal of the national cancer institute, 93(20), 1563-1568. doi: 10.1093/jnci/93.20.1563.
• Wehrens, S. M., Christou, S., Isherwood, C., Middleton, B., Gibbs, M. A., Archer, S. N., Johnston, J. D. (2017). Meal timing regulates the human circadian system. Current Biology, 27(12), 1768-1775. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2017.04.059.