Özden Kollektife: Kimlik Teorisi Bize Ne Öğretti?

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 18 - 28, 29.12.2021

Giray Gerim

Öz

Kimlik, sosyal bilimlerin yüz yılı aşkın süredir üzerinde çalıştığı bir meseledir. Büyük ölçüde psikoloji ve
sosyoloji arasındaki etkileşimle ortaya çıkan ve bireyler, gruplar ve toplumsal yapılar arasındaki
karşılıklı etkileşimlere ışık tutmayı amaçlayan ilgili literatür, günümüzde kayda değer bir hacme
ulaşmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, kimliğin bugün artık sosyal bilimlerin pek çok farklı disiplininin araştırma ve
çözümlemelerinde hayati bir yer tuttuğu ortadadır. Fakat genişleyen bu literatürün kimliğin daha derin
bir biçimde anlaşılıp açıklanması doğrultusunda ne seviyede bir katkı sunduğu nicelikten bağımsız bir
konudur. Makale, literatürün temel taşları diyebileceğimiz çalışmaları gözden geçirerek, kimlik
teorisinin bugüne kadar ne ölçüde ilerlediğini ve kavramın günümüzde hangi yönlerinin çalışmaların
başlangıcına göre daha iyi anlaşıldığını kuramsal düzlemde tartışır. Bununla bağlantılı olarak kimlik
kavramının bireysel, toplumsal ve kolektif boyutlarının referanslarını ele alır. Ayrıca, kimliğin
günümüzde sosyal analizler için yararlı bir kavram olup olmadığı konusundaki son tartışmaları eleştirel
bir şekilde değerlendirerek kavramın sosyal bilimler için neden hala geçerli ve önemli olduğunu kısaca
açıklamaya çalışır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kimilk, kimlik kuramı, sosyal kimlik, kolektif kimlik

From Self to Collective: What Has Identity Theory Taught Us?

Öz

Identity is a matter that social sciences have been working on for over a hundred years. The literature,
which emerged with the interaction between psychology and sociology to a large extent and has
aimed to shed light on the mutual interactions between individuals, groups, and social structures, has
now reached a remarkable volume. Besides, identity has taken a key place in the research and
analysis of different disciplines of social sciences. However, the extent to which this expanding
literature contributes to a deeper understanding and explanation of identity is a matter independent of
quantity. This paper theoretically discusses how far identity theory has advanced and which aspects of
the concept have become better understood today, compared to the beginning of the studies, by
reviewing the studies that we can call the cornerstones of the literature. In connection with this, it
addresses the references of the individual, social and collective dimensions of the identity term. In
addition, it critically evaluates the recent debates on whether identity is a useful concept for social
analysis today and attempts to briefly expound why it is still relevant and significant for social
sciences.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Identity, Identity theory, social identity, collective identity

Kaynakça

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