Araştırma Makalesi
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Grab mi Track mi? Yüzücülerde Atlama Tekniğine Göre Reaksiyon Zamanı ve Sıçrama Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 14 - 22, 30.12.2025

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, grab ve track atlayış tekniklerini kullanan U16 yüzücülerde reaksiyon zamanı ve sıçrama performanslarını karşılaştırmak ve cinsiyete göre performans farklılıklarını incelemektir. Araştırmaya 15 grab ve 15 track tekniğini kullanan toplam 30 yüzücü katıldı. Katılımcıların reaksiyon performansları ÇAĞIN El ve Ayak Basit Reaksiyon Testi ile, sıçrama performansları ise yatay sıçrama testi ile değerlendirildi. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Bağımsız Gruplar T-Testi kullanıldı. Bulgular, atlayış teknikleri arasında reaksiyon zamanı ve sıçrama performansı açısından anlamlı bir fark bulunmadığını, ancak el basit doğru reaksiyon oranında track tekniği lehine anlamlı farklılık olduğunu göstermiştir (p<0,05). Cinsiyet değişkenine göre ise erkek yüzücülerin el basit doğru reaksiyon oranı ve sıçrama performansında kız yüzücülere kıyasla anlamlı derecede daha yüksek performans sergilediği belirlenmiştir (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak, grab ve track tekniklerinin genel reaksiyon hızı ve sıçrama performansı üzerinde benzer etkilere sahip olduğu, ancak track tekniğinin doğru reaksiyon üretimi bakımından avantaj sağlayabileceği söylenebilir. Elde edilen bulguların antrenörlere teknik seçimi konusunda yardımcı olabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Etik Beyan

Araştırma için gerekli izinler Gazi Üniversitesi Etik Komisyonu'ndan (E-77082166-604.01.02-809515) alındı ve araştırma Helsinki Bildirgesi'ne uygun olarak yürütüldü.

Destekleyen Kurum

TÜBİTAK

Proje Numarası

1919B012307162

Teşekkür

Bu araştırma TÜBİTAK 2209-A kapsamında desteklenmeye hak kazanmıştır (Proje No:1919B012307162). Desteklerinden ötürü TÜBİTAK’a teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Adam, J. J., Paas, F. G., Buekers, M. J., Wuyts, I. J., Spijkers, W. A., & Wallmeyer, P. (1999). Gender differences in choice reaction time: evidence for differential strategies. Ergonomics, 42(2), 327–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/001401399185685
  • Balilionis, G., Nepocatych, S., Ellis, C. M., Richardson, M. T., Neggers, Y. H., & Bishop, P. A. (2012). Effects of different types of warm-up on swimming performance, reaction time, and dive distance. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 26(12), 3297–3303. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318248ad40
  • Benjanuvatra, N., Edmunds, K., & Blanksby, B. (2007). Jumping abilities and swimming grab-start performances in elite and recreational swimmers. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 1(3), 6. https://doi.org/10.25035/ijare.01.03.06
  • Blanksby, B., Nicholson, L., & Elliott, B. (2002). Swimming: Biomechanical analysis of the grab, track and handle swimming starts: an intervention study. Sports Biomechanics, 1(1), 11-24.
  • Çağın, M., Özkurt, Z., & Çimen Polat, S., (2023). Motoric and Mental Reflections of Sport Swimming. International Studies in Sports Sciences IX (pp.71-89), Ankara: Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Çağın, M., Özkurt, Z., & Orhan, Ö., (2024). Pool and Land Training for Swimmers. Current Research and Compilations in Sport Sciences (pp.39-60), İstanbul: Eğitim.
  • Çağın, M., Polat, S. Ç., Orhan, Ö., Çetin, E., Abdioğlu, M., Yarım, İ., & Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2024). Reliability and validity of ÇAĞIN hand and foot reaction tests protocol. Journal of Education and Future, (25), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.30786/jef.1386526
  • Da Silva, J. K., Enes, A. A., Sotomaior, B. B., Barbosa, M. A. R., De Souza, R. O., & Osiecki, R. (2020). Analysis of the performance of finalist swimming athletes in Olympic games: Reaction time, partial time, speed, and final time. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(2), 539-545. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.02080
  • Garcia-Hermoso, A., Escalante, Y., Arellano, R., Navarro, F., Domínguez, A. M., & Saavedra, J. M. (2013). Relationship between final performance and block times with the traditional and the new starting platforms with a back plate in international swimming championship 50-m and 100-m freestyle events. Journal of sports science & medicine, 12(4), 698–706.
  • García-Ramos, A., Padial, P., de la Fuente, B., Argüelles-Cienfuegos, J., Bonitch-Góngora, J., & Feriche, B. (2016). Relationship Between Vertical Jump Height and Swimming Start Performance Before and After an Altitude Training Camp. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 30(6), 1638–1645. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001242
  • Haugen, T. A., Breitschädel, F., & Seiler, S. (2019). Sprint mechanical variables in elite athletes: Are force-velocity profiles sport specific or individual?. PLoS One, 14(7), e0215551. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215551
  • Maulder, P. & Cronin, J. (2005). Horizontal and vertical jump assessment: reliability, symmetry, discriminative and predictive ability. Physical Therapy in Sport, 6(2), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2005.01.001
  • Nakamoto, H., & Mori, S. (2008). Sport-specific decision-making in a Go/NoGo reaction task: difference among nonathletes and baseball and basketball players. Perceptual and motor skills, 106(1), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.106.1.163-170
  • Seifert, L., & Carmigniani, R. (2023). Coordination and stroking parameters in the four swimming techniques: a narrative review. Sports Biomechanics, 22(12), 1617-1633. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2021.1959945
  • Takeda, T., Sakai, S., Takagi, H., Okuno, K., & Tsubakimoto, S. (2017). Contribution of hand and foot force to take-off velocity for the kick-start in competitive swimming. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(6), 565-571. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1180417
  • Tor, E., Pease, D., & Ball, K. (2014, April). Characteristics of an elite swimming start. In Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming Conference (Vol. 1, pp. 257-263).
  • Toussaint, H. M., & Beek, P. J. (1992). Biomechanics of competitive front crawl swimming. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 13(1), 8–24. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199213010-00002
  • Vantorre, J., Seifert, L., Fernandes, R. J., Boas, J. P., & Chollet, D. (2010). Kinematical profiling of the front crawl start. International journal of sports medicine, 31(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1241208
  • Yıldız, S., Ateş, O., Gelen, E., Çırak, E., Bakicı, D., Sert, V., & Kayıhan, G. (2018). The relationship between start speed, acceleration and speed performances in soccer. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(8), 1697-1700. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.060810

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 14 - 22, 30.12.2025

Öz

Proje Numarası

1919B012307162

Kaynakça

  • Adam, J. J., Paas, F. G., Buekers, M. J., Wuyts, I. J., Spijkers, W. A., & Wallmeyer, P. (1999). Gender differences in choice reaction time: evidence for differential strategies. Ergonomics, 42(2), 327–335. https://doi.org/10.1080/001401399185685
  • Balilionis, G., Nepocatych, S., Ellis, C. M., Richardson, M. T., Neggers, Y. H., & Bishop, P. A. (2012). Effects of different types of warm-up on swimming performance, reaction time, and dive distance. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 26(12), 3297–3303. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0b013e318248ad40
  • Benjanuvatra, N., Edmunds, K., & Blanksby, B. (2007). Jumping abilities and swimming grab-start performances in elite and recreational swimmers. International Journal of Aquatic Research and Education, 1(3), 6. https://doi.org/10.25035/ijare.01.03.06
  • Blanksby, B., Nicholson, L., & Elliott, B. (2002). Swimming: Biomechanical analysis of the grab, track and handle swimming starts: an intervention study. Sports Biomechanics, 1(1), 11-24.
  • Çağın, M., Özkurt, Z., & Çimen Polat, S., (2023). Motoric and Mental Reflections of Sport Swimming. International Studies in Sports Sciences IX (pp.71-89), Ankara: Eğitim Yayınevi.
  • Çağın, M., Özkurt, Z., & Orhan, Ö., (2024). Pool and Land Training for Swimmers. Current Research and Compilations in Sport Sciences (pp.39-60), İstanbul: Eğitim.
  • Çağın, M., Polat, S. Ç., Orhan, Ö., Çetin, E., Abdioğlu, M., Yarım, İ., & Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2024). Reliability and validity of ÇAĞIN hand and foot reaction tests protocol. Journal of Education and Future, (25), 59-74. https://doi.org/10.30786/jef.1386526
  • Da Silva, J. K., Enes, A. A., Sotomaior, B. B., Barbosa, M. A. R., De Souza, R. O., & Osiecki, R. (2020). Analysis of the performance of finalist swimming athletes in Olympic games: Reaction time, partial time, speed, and final time. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, 20(2), 539-545. https://doi.org/10.7752/jpes.2020.02080
  • Garcia-Hermoso, A., Escalante, Y., Arellano, R., Navarro, F., Domínguez, A. M., & Saavedra, J. M. (2013). Relationship between final performance and block times with the traditional and the new starting platforms with a back plate in international swimming championship 50-m and 100-m freestyle events. Journal of sports science & medicine, 12(4), 698–706.
  • García-Ramos, A., Padial, P., de la Fuente, B., Argüelles-Cienfuegos, J., Bonitch-Góngora, J., & Feriche, B. (2016). Relationship Between Vertical Jump Height and Swimming Start Performance Before and After an Altitude Training Camp. Journal of strength and conditioning research, 30(6), 1638–1645. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001242
  • Haugen, T. A., Breitschädel, F., & Seiler, S. (2019). Sprint mechanical variables in elite athletes: Are force-velocity profiles sport specific or individual?. PLoS One, 14(7), e0215551. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0215551
  • Maulder, P. & Cronin, J. (2005). Horizontal and vertical jump assessment: reliability, symmetry, discriminative and predictive ability. Physical Therapy in Sport, 6(2), 74-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ptsp.2005.01.001
  • Nakamoto, H., & Mori, S. (2008). Sport-specific decision-making in a Go/NoGo reaction task: difference among nonathletes and baseball and basketball players. Perceptual and motor skills, 106(1), 163–170. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.106.1.163-170
  • Seifert, L., & Carmigniani, R. (2023). Coordination and stroking parameters in the four swimming techniques: a narrative review. Sports Biomechanics, 22(12), 1617-1633. https://doi.org/10.1080/14763141.2021.1959945
  • Takeda, T., Sakai, S., Takagi, H., Okuno, K., & Tsubakimoto, S. (2017). Contribution of hand and foot force to take-off velocity for the kick-start in competitive swimming. Journal of Sports Sciences, 35(6), 565-571. https://doi.org/10.1080/02640414.2016.1180417
  • Tor, E., Pease, D., & Ball, K. (2014, April). Characteristics of an elite swimming start. In Biomechanics and Medicine in Swimming Conference (Vol. 1, pp. 257-263).
  • Toussaint, H. M., & Beek, P. J. (1992). Biomechanics of competitive front crawl swimming. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 13(1), 8–24. https://doi.org/10.2165/00007256-199213010-00002
  • Vantorre, J., Seifert, L., Fernandes, R. J., Boas, J. P., & Chollet, D. (2010). Kinematical profiling of the front crawl start. International journal of sports medicine, 31(1), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0029-1241208
  • Yıldız, S., Ateş, O., Gelen, E., Çırak, E., Bakicı, D., Sert, V., & Kayıhan, G. (2018). The relationship between start speed, acceleration and speed performances in soccer. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 6(8), 1697-1700. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2018.060810
Toplam 19 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Antrenman, Motor Kontrol
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Musab Çağın

Zeren Özkurt

Halil İbrahim Cicioğlu

Proje Numarası 1919B012307162
Gönderilme Tarihi 4 Aralık 2025
Kabul Tarihi 19 Aralık 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Çağın, M., Özkurt, Z., & Cicioğlu, H. İ. (2025). Grab mi Track mi? Yüzücülerde Atlama Tekniğine Göre Reaksiyon Zamanı ve Sıçrama Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması. Fenerbahçe Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 14-22.