DİZEL-BİYODİZEL-İZOBÜTANOL ÜÇLÜ KARIŞIMLARI KULLANILAN BİR DİZEL MOTORDA PERFORMANS VE EMİSYON KARAKTERİSTİKLERİNİN DENEYSEL OLARAK İNCELENMESİ

Öz

Biyodizel ve alkol gibi alternatif yakıtlar emisyon salınımını düşürmesi ve birçok farklı kaynaktan üretilebildiğinden içten yanmalı motorlarda kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada dizel-biyodizel karışımlarına farklı oranlarda izobütanol eklenmesinin performans ve emisyon karakteristiklerine etkileri araştırılmıştır. Motor testleri common rail enjeksiyonlu, dört silindirli bir dizel motorda 1800 d/dk motor hızında ve dört farklı motor yükünde (40, 80, 120 ve 160 Nm) gerçekleştirilmiştir. Saf dizel dâhil altı farklı yakıt karışımı kütlesel olarak hazırlanmıştır. İlk olarak biyodizel ve izobütanolün, dizel ile sırasıyla %20 ve %15 karışımları (B20 ve I15) test edilmiş, daha sonra artan izobütanol oranlarıyla oluşturulmuş üçlü karışımlar (I15B20, I25B20 ve I35B20) test edilmiş ve dizel yakıt ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Biyodizel ve izobütanol ilavesinin özgül yakıt tüketimini dizele kıyasla düşük-orta yük bölgesinde artırdığı ve aradaki farkın yüksek yüklerde azaldığı görülmüştür. I15B20 ve I15 yakıtları ile 160 Nm yükte dizele en yakın değerde özgül yakıt tüketimi elde edilmiştir. Yüksek yüklerde üçlü karışımlar genel olarak fren termik verimi ve Pmaks değerini artırmıştır. B20 yakıtı NOx emisyonlarını genel olarak artırmış olup, tüm yakıt karışımlarında genel olarak dizele göre NOx emisyonları artmıştır. Artan izobütanol oranı düşük ve tam yüklerde NOx emisyonlarını azaltmıştır. I15B20 ve B20 yakıtları ile yüksek yüklerde en iyi özgül yakıt tüketimi sonuçları elde edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İzobütanol
• biyodizel
• dizel
• emisyon
• performans

Experimental study of performance and emission characteristics of a CRDI Diesel Engine fueled with diesel-biodiesel-isobutanol ternary blends

Öz

Abstract Alternative fuels such as biodiesel and alcohols have become widespread due to their environmental benefits and availability. In this study, we aimed to expose the performance and emission characteristics of isobutanol addition into diesel-biodiesel blends. Engine tests were performed on a CRDI engine at constant engine speed of 1800 rpm and four engine loads (40, 80, 120 and 160 Nm). Six blends including pure diesel were prepared by mass basis. Mixtures of biodiesel and isobutanol with diesel fuel (B20 and I15) were tested firstly and then three ternary fuels having increasing amounts of isobutanol (I15B20, I25B20 and I35B20) were tested and compared with diesel. The results show that adding biodiesel and isobutanol into diesel increased brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) from low to mid load, but the gap decreased at high loads. I15B20 and I15 fuels had the closest bsfc to diesel at 160 Nm. Ternary blends generally increased brake thermal efficiency and Pmax value at high loads. While B20 fuel resulted higher NOx emissions, all of the fuel blends increased NOx emissions compared to diesel. Increasing isobutanol proportion in the blends decreased NOx emissions especially at low and full loads. I15B20 and B20 give optimum bsfc at high loads among the blends.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Isobutanol
• biodiesel
• diesel
• emission
• performance

Kaynakça

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