Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Yeşil İşlerin Gelişimine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme

Öz

Ekolojik sisteme ve çevreye duyarlı işlerde, insan onuruna yakışır standartlarda sunulan işler olarak tanımlanan yeşil işler; çevre, insan, büyümeye dayalı politikalar, yaratılan işlerin hızı ve kalitesi ve işlerin çıktılarının faydaları noktalarında kahverengi işlerden ayrılmaktadır. Yeşil işlere ilişkin eleştiriler yönelten yazarlar olmasına karşın; yeşil işlerde istihdam edilen bireylerin sayısı önemli bir noktaya gelmiştir. Ülkemizde toplam istihdamın %0,30’u (80.827 kişi), AB ülkelerinde %2’si (4.290.000 kişi), ABD’de %2,3’ü (3.401.279) ve OECD ülkelerinde %1,5’i yeşil işlerde çalışanlardan oluşmaktadır. Mevcut araştırma, yeşil işlerin dünyada ve Türkiye’deki gelişim sürecini incelemeyi, yeşil işler ile kahverengi işler arasındaki farkları ortaya koymayı ve yeşil işlerin istihdam üzerindeki etkilerini teorik bir çerçevede ele almayı amaçlamaktadır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; yeşil işlerin dünyada ve Türkiye’deki istihdam problemine bir çare mi, yoksa işsizliğe yol açan bir etmen mi olduğu sorusuna net bir cevap vermenin zor olduğu görülmektedir

Anahtar Kelimeler

• yeşil işler, kahverengi işler, istihdam, işsizlik

An Evaluation Regarding the Development of Green Jobs in the World and in Turkey

Öz

Green jobs, defined as eco-friendly and decent jobs, differ from brown jobs in terms of the environment, human, expansionary policies, the rapidity, and quality of jobs and the benefits of the outputs of jobs. Though there are some authors criticizing green jobs, the number of employees working in green jobs has come to a remarkable point. In Turkey, 0,30% (80.827 people), in EU countries 2% (4.290.000 people), in USA 2,3% (3.401.279 people) and in OECD countries 1,5% of the total employment is composed of the employees working in green jobs. The present research aims to examine the development process of green jobs in the world and in Turkey, to reveal the differences between green jobs and brown jobs and to address the impacts of green jobs on employment within a theoretical framework. According to the findings, it is showed that it seems difficult to give a clear answer to the question whether green jobs are a remedy to the problems of employment or a factor that leads to unemployment in the world and in Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• green jobs, brown jobs, employment, unemployment

Kaynakça

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