Bankacılık Hileleri: Sınıflandırılması, Saptanması ve Önlenmesi

Öz

Bankaların ulusal ve küresel ekonomideki artan güç ve yetkisi hilekarlar tarafından kötüye kullanılmış ve dolayısıyla söz konusu kuruluşlar hile girişimlerinin önde gelen hedeflerinden biri durumuna gelmiştir. Bankacılık hilelerinin neden olduğu maliyetlerin etkili hile saptama ve önleme politikaları ve uygulamaları yardımıyla azaltılmasının sosyal ve ekonomik refaha olumlu yansıyacağı, bireylerin ve kurumların yaşamları ve sürekliliklerine önemli katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Son tahlilde, bankacılık hileleri ile mücadele etmek için hem insan, hem de makine gücünü en önemli savaşçılar olarak bütünleştiren makro bir politikanın belirlenmesi, insan ve teknoloji bileşenlerinin eğitim ve yenileşme yoluyla hile riskine karşı sürekli uyarılması, geleneksel ya da çağdaş hiçbir strateji ve yöntemi dışlamadan sürekli ve hareketli hedefler konumundaki hilelere ve hilekarlara karşı nokta savunması yapmak yerine alan savunması yapılması, potansiyel hile alanının çok hatlı ve katmanlı olarak düzenlenmesi ve böylelikle hileler ile belirli hatlarda verilecek tek tek yerel savaşların değil, alanın tümünde (hile ortamı) tüm hilelere karşı verilecek topyekûn savaşın kazanılmaya çalışılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hile Türleri, Hile ile Mücadele Stratejileri ve Yöntemleri, Elektronik Hileler, Kredi Hileleri, Çek Hileleri (JEL Sınıflandırması:M41, M42, G21)

Banking Frauds: Classification, Detection and Prevention

Öz

The rising power and influence of banks within the national and global economy has been abused by fraudsters and made them one of the leading targets of fraud attacks. It is considered that reducing the losses due to banking frauds with the support of effective fraud detection and prevention policies and applications will favorably affect social and economic wealth and make a significant contribution to the life and sustainability of individuals and corporations. In the final analysis, for the purpose of fighting banking frauds it has been suggested to form a macro policy integrating both man and machine power as the most essential combatants, continuously alert people and technologies to the risk of fraud by way of education and innovation, make a zone defence instead of a point defence against frauds and fraudsters as permanent and moving targets without excluding any strategy and method whether they be traditional or contemporary, organize the potential fraud environment in a multi-layered and faceted manner and thus try to win the total war against all frauds waged in the whole battlefield (fraud environment), not the local wars waged in each frontline against individual frauds.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Types of Frauds, Strategies and Methods for Combatting Frauds, Electronic Frauds, Loan Frauds, Cheque Frauds (JEL Classification:M41, M42, G21)

Kaynakça

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