Hisseleri Borsa İstanbul’da İşlem Gören KOBİ’lerde Finansal Performansın İçsel ve Dışsal Belirleyicileri (2009-2012)

Yıl 2014, Sayı: 594, 57 - 74, 01.08.2014

Bener Güngör N. Savaş Demirci

Öz

Ekonomilerin sürükleyici unsurları olarak kabul edilen KOBİ’ler; istihdam olanaklarını, üretim miktarlarını, ihracat kapasitesini ve inovasyon düzeyini artırarak ekonomik büyümeye katkı sağlamaktadır. Fakat KOBİ’ler özellikle gelişmekte olan ülkelerde, yeterli finansman kaynağına uygun maliyetle erişememekte ve bu nedenle büyüme fırsatlarından yararlanamamaktadır. Bu noktada finansal sorunlar yaşayan KOBİ’ler, sınırlı kaynakları verimli bir şekilde değerlendirmek için finansal performanslarını ölçmek ve denetlemek zorundadır. Çalışmada, hisseleri Borsa İstanbul’da işlem gören KOBİ’lerin finansal performanslarının hangi faktörlerden etkilendiğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmış ve panel veri regresyon modelleri kurulmuştur. Ekonometrik analizde Borsa İstanbul’a kote 27 işletmenin 2009-2012 yılları arasında 16 döneme ilişkin üç aylık verileri kullanılmıştır. Model tahminlerinden elde edilen sonuçlar, KOBİ’lerin aktif kârlılık oranlarının; dönen varlıklar/toplam varlıklar oranından, işletme büyüklüğünden, işletme yaşından ve varlık devir hızından pozitif; stoklar/toplam varlıklar oranından ve enflasyon oranından negatif olarak etkilendiğini ortaya koymuştur. Diğer bağımlı değişken Tobin’s q’nun ise net ticaret süresinden ve GSYİH büyüme oranından pozitif, dönen varlıklar/toplam varlıklar oranından ve işletme büyüklüğünden negatif olarak etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

KOBİ’ler, Finansal Performans, Aktif Kârlılık Oranı, Tobin’s Q

Bu çalışmada N. Savaş ‘Hisseleri Demirci’nin İstanbul’da İşlem Gören KOBİ’lerde Finansal Performansı Belirleyen Faktörler: Panel Veri Analizi’ adlı doktora tezinden yararlanılmıştır

Öz

SMEs recognized as fastmoving components of economies contribute to economic growth by enhancing employment possibilities, production quantities, export capacity and innovation level. However especially in developing countries, SMEs cannot reach sufficient financing resources at suitable cost and because of this reason they cannot benefit from growth opportunities. At this point SMEs facing financial problems have to measure and control financial performance for utilizing limited resources efficiently. In this study it has been aimed to determine which factors affect financial performances of SMEs whose shares are traded on Borsa Istanbul and panel data regression models have been established. In econometric analysis, quarterly data related to 16 periods between 2009-2012 of 27 companies quoted in Borsa Istanbul have been used. The results obtained from model estimates have proved that returns on assets of SMEs are affected positively by current assets/total assets ratio, size of company, age of company and asset turnover; and negatively by inventory/total asset ratio and inflation rate. It has been found that another dependent variable: Tobin’s q is affected positively by net trade cycle and GDP growth rate; and negatively by current assets/total assets ratio and size of company

Anahtar Kelimeler

SMEs, Financial Performance, Return On Assets, Tobin’s Q, Panel Data

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