Kentleşmenin Çevre Üzerine Etkisi: Bazı Akdeniz Ülkelerinden Kanıtlar

Öz

Bu çalışma düşük ve orta gelişmişlik seviyesinde olan bazı Akdeniz ülkelerinde çevreye olan muhtemel etkileri dolayısıyla karbon emisyonları üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda kentleşmenin karbon emisyonlarına olan etkileri bu çalışmanın ana amacını oluşturmaktadır. Özellikle günümüz dünyasında içinden çıkılmaz bir sorun haline gelen küresel ısınma olgusu ister gelişmiş ister geri kalmış olsun, tüm ülkeleri yakından ilgilendiren bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu soruna karşı geliştirilen çözüm önerilerinin başında gelen düşük karbon emisyonu politikaları gelişmiş ülkelerin başını çektiği ülkeler tarafından uygulanıyor görünse de temelde tüm ülkelerin önemle üzerinde durdukları bir konudur. Bu çalışma da düşük ve orta gelişmişlik seviyesinde olan bazı Akdeniz ülkelerinde 1995-2020 dönemi için kentleşme sebepli karbon emisyonlarının etkileri incelenmektedir. Panel veriye dayalı çalışma bulguları 2.582 olarak bulunan kentleşme eşik değerinin literatürde yapılan birçok çalışmadan daha yüksek seviyelerde olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Bu durum ülkelerin gelişmişlik seviyelerinin kentleşme ve çevre hassasiyetlerine etkilerini net bir şekilde ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Karbon Emisyonu
• Kentleşme
• Akdeniz Ülkeleri

Impact of Urbanization on the Environment: Evidence from Some Mediterranean Countries

Öz

This study focuses on carbon emissions because of their possible effects on the environment in some Mediterranean countries with low and medium development levels. In this context, the effects of urbanization on carbon emissions compose the main purpose of this study. The phenomenon of global warming, which has become an unbearable problem especially in today's world, has become an issue that closely concerns all countries, whether developed or underdeveloped. Although low carbon emission policies seem to be implemented by developed countries at the beginning of solution proposals to this problem, it is an issue that all countries attach great importance to it. In this study, the effects of carbon emissions caused by urbanization for the period 1995-2020 in some Mediterranean countries at low and medium development levels are investigated. The findings of the study based on panel data, which found urbanization threshold value 2.582, show that the urbanization threshold value is at higher levels than many studies in the literature. This situation clearly demonstrates the effects of countries' development levels on urbanization and environmental sensitivities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Carbon Emission
• Urbanization
• Mediterranean Countries

Kaynakça

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