Gıda Güvencesi Bağlamında Gıda Bankacılığı: İngiltere ve Kanada Ülke Örnekleri

Öz

Temel bir ihtiyaç olan gıda, gıda hakkı ve güvencesi bağlamında ele alınabilecek bir konudur. Gıdayı toplayan, dağıtan, tamamlayıcı gıda ve öğün sağlayan kurumlar olarak gıda bankalarının oluşturulmasında gıda ve gıdaya erişimin temel bir insan hakkı olduğu gerçeği ile hareket edilebileceği gibi yardımseverlik ve hayırseverlik motivasyonları da belirleyici olabilir. Gıda bankalarını tartışmaya açık hale getiren nokta, gıda bankalarının ve sağladıkları desteklerin uzun vadedeki sürdürülebilirliği ve yeterliliği üzerinedir. Ayrıca, gıda bankalarının varlığı ve yaygınlığı devletin kendisine ait bir sorumluluk alanından çekilmesi ve bu alandaki sorumluluğunu yerine getirmemesi şeklinde de yorumlanmaktadır. Liberal refah devleti örneklerinden İngiltere’deki ve Kanada’daki gıda bankalarının varlığı üzerinden sosyal destek sistemlerinin ve devlet-birey ilişkilerinin yapısına bu çalışmada yer verilmeye çalışılacaktır. COVID-19 ile mücadele kapsamında alınan önlemler ve politikalar gıda bankalarını da doğrudan ve dolaylı şekilde etkilemiştir. Bu nedenle, son dönemde ortaya çıkan küresel pandeminin gıda bankalarına yönelik talep üzerindeki etkisine de yer verilecektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• gıda bankası
• gıda güvencesi
• politik iktisat
• liberal refah devleti

Food Banking in the Context of Food Security: Canada and the UK Country Cases

Abstract

Food as a basic need can be evaluated on the ground of food security and the "right to food" approach. As institutions that collect, distribute, and provide complementary food and meals, food banks can be acted upon by the fact that access to food and food is a fundamental human right, as well as charity and philanthropy motivations, can be decisive. The point that makes food banks open to debate is the long-term sustainability and adequacy of food banks and the support they provide. Besides, the existence and the generality of food banks can be interpreted as the withdrawal of the state from its area of responsibility and its failure to fulfill its responsibility in this area. The structure of social support systems and state-individual relations through the existence of food banks in the UK and Canada, among the examples of the liberal welfare state, will be included in this study. The measures and policies taken within the scope of combating COVID-19 directly and indirectly affected food banks. Therefore, the impact of the recent global pandemic on the demand for food banks will also be included.

Keywords

• food bank
• food security
• liberal welfare state
• political economy

Kaynakça

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