Kırsal Alanda Annelerin Okul Öncesi Dönemdeki Çocuklara Karşı Tutum ve Davranışlarının Karşılaştırmalı Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, bir dağ ve ova köyündeki annelerin okul öncesi çağındaki çocuklarına yönelik tutum ve davranışlarını karşılaştırmaktır. Veriler, Tokat ilinde 2016 yılında Gayeli Örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen, biri dağ köyü diğeri ova köyü olmak üzere, iki farklı kırsal alanda yaşayan kadınların, ankete verdikleri cevaplardan elde edilmiştir. Bu köylerde 6 yaş ve altı çocuğu olan 106 kadın belirlenmiş ve bu kadınların her biri ile Tam Sayım yöntemine göre görüşme yapılmıştır. Veriler, frekans ve yüzde dağılım tabloları ve ortalama değerler kullanılarak yorumlanmış ve iki farklı köyden elde edilen sonuçların karşılaştırması amacıyla ki-kare analizleri yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar, anneler ve çocukları arasındaki iletişimin içgüdüsel ve sosyal çevrelerinden öğrendikleri kalıplara dayalı olduğunu göstermiştir. Aile içindeki aşırı korumacı tutumlar, geleneklere göre çocuk yetiştirme eğilimi, annelerin hayal gücü ve kırsal kesimdeki fırsatlarla sınırlı gelecek beklentileri, araştırma alanında dikkati çeken belirleyici faktörlerden bazılarıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kırsal alan
• kırsal toplum
• okul öncesi dönem
• anne-çocuk iletişim

Comparative Evaluation of Mother Attitudes and Behaviors Toward Preschool-Aged Children in Rural Areas

Öz

The aim of our study was to compare the attitudes and behaviors of mothers toward their preschool-aged children in a mountain and lowland village. The data were obtained from the answers to survey completed by women living in two rural areas—a mountain village and a lowland village—in Tokat Province, Turkey in 2016, who were selected using the purposive sampling method. Within these villages, 106 women with children ≤6 years old were identified, and each was interviewed based on the full-count method. The data were interpreted using frequency and percentage distribution tables and mean values, and chi-squared analyses were conducted to compare the results from the two different villages. Our results indicated that the communication between mothers and their children are instinctive and based on the patterns they learn from their social environment. The overprotective attitudes within the family, the tendency to rear a child according to tradition, and the mothers’ imagination and the future expectations limited to the opportunities in the rural area are some of the factors that determine the responses in our research areas.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• rural areas
• rural society
• preschool period
• mother–child communication

Kaynakça

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