Crime Scene Investigation in Forensic Anthropological Cases

Öz

Forensic anthropology is the branch of science that conducts identification studies of decomposed, burnt, and skeletalized corpses. The worldwide recognition of forensic anthropology as a discipline began in the early 1970s with identifying unidentified corpses. In our country, it is a relatively new development. The need for forensic scientists is also increasing in connection with the increasing and complex crime rates in the world and our country. Forensic anthropologists assist in identification by creating biological profiles from unrecognizable human skeletons in cases where deaths occur as a result of suicide, accident, disaster, terrorist attacks, or murder. In identification studies of human skeletons, the process from the crime scene to the laboratory is evaluated. Therefore, sending packaged bones collected from the crime scene to forensic anthropologists is a disadvantageous approach. This study was conducted as a literature review to determine the role of forensic anthropologists in crime scene investigations. As a result, the task of forensic anthropologists is not only to identify unrecognizable and unknown individuals but also to play an important role in preserving evidence and remains in crime scene investigations in different situations and conditions. In addition, forensic anthropologists are experts who can distinguish whether the find is a bone, whether it is a bone whether it belongs to a human or an animal, and whether the burial is ancient or current. Therefore, the presence of forensic anthropologists in crime scene investigation teams is important in carrying out identification studies accurately and reliably in forensic cases.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Forensic Anthropology
• İdentification
• Crime Scene Investigation

ADLİ ANTROPOLOJİK VAKALARDA OLAY YERİ İNCELEME

Öz

Adli antropoloji, çürümüş, yanmış, iskeletleşmiş cesetlerin kimliklendirme çalışmalarını yapan bilim dalıdır. Adli antropolojinin dünya çapında disiplin olarak tanınması 1970'li yılların başında kimliği belirlenemeyen cesetlerin kimlik tespiti çalışmalarıyla başlamıştır. Ülkemizde ise nispeten yeni gelişim göstermektedir. Dünyada ve ülkemizde giderek artan ve karmaşıklaşan suç oranlarıyla bağlantılı olarak adli bilimcilere olan ihtiyaç da artış göstermektedir. Adli antropologlar ölüm olaylarının intihar, kaza, afet, terör saldırıları veya cinayet sonucu meydana geldiği durumlarda, tanınmayacak hale gelmiş insan iskeletlerinden biyolojik profil oluşturarak kimlik tespiti yapmaya yardımcı olurlar. İnsan iskeletlerinin kimliklendirme çalışmalarında olay yerinden laboratuvara giden süreç bir bütün olarak değerlendirilir. Dolayısıyla olay yerinden toplanan kemiklerin adli antropologlara paketlenmiş halde gönderilmesi dezavantajlı bir yaklaşımdır. Bu çalışma, adli antropologların olay yeri incelemelerindeki rolünü belirlemek amacıyla literatür derlemesi şeklinde yapılmıştır. Sonuç olarak, Adli antropologların görevi sadece tanımayacak hale gelmiş ve kimliği bilinmeyen bireylerin kimliklendirmesini yapmak değil aynı zamanda olay yeri incelemelerinde farklı durum ve koşullarda kanıt ve kalıntıların korunmasında önemli rol oynarlar. Ayrıca adli antropologlar, buluntunun kemik olup olmadığını eğer kemikse insana veya hayvana ait olduğunu, gömünün antik/aktüel ayrımını yapabilen uzmanlardır. Dolayısıyla olay yeri inceleme timlerinde adli antropologların bulunması adli vakalarda kimliklendirme çalışmalarının doğru ve güvenilir bir şekilde yapılması açısından önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Adli Antropoloji
• Kimliklendirme
• Olay Yeri İnceleme

Kaynakça

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