Research Article

LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY

Volume: 12 Number: 1 January 15, 2007
EN TR

LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to develop a new scale is mostly useful to determine the constraints on recreational

participation of individuals in urban life. Firstly, an initial item pool was formed by using related studies in the

literature and also scales that was developed formerly. Afterwards, some interviews were made with the individuals

in the sample group and a number of items were generated by using these interview forms. The item pool were

administered to 96 male (45.7%) and 114 female (54.3 %), totally 210 academicians with voluntarily participation.

After the data collection, Principle Component Factor Analysis was used for testing factor structure of the

instrument. According to the factor analysis results, 8 factors emerged and remained 28 items explains 73% of

the variance for 210 participants. Participants were asked to rate each item on a 5-point Likert scale ranging

from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The internal consistency (Cronbach Alpha) value for 210

academicians were ranged from .76 (time) and to .88 (facility). It can be concluded that the scale called "Leisure

Constraints Scale-28" (LCS-28) is a valid and reliable instrument to determine the constraints on recreational

participation of academicians in urban life.

Keywords

References

  1. Alexandris, K. & Carroll, B. (1997). Demographic Differences in the Perception of Constraints on Recreational Sport Participation: Results from a Study in Greece. Leisure Studies, 16, p. 107-125.
  2. Crawford, D., Jackson, E., & Godbey, G. (1991). A Hierarchial Model of Leisure Constraints. Leisure Sciences, 13, p. 309-320.
  3. Da¤, ‹. (2002). Kontrol Oda¤› Ölçe¤i (KOÖ): Ölçek Gelifltirme, Güvenirlik ve Geçerlik Çal›flmas›. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 17(49), 77-90
  4. Hawkins, B. A.., Peng, J., Hsieh, C-M, & Eklund, S. J. (1999). Leisure Constraints: A Replication and Extension of Construct Development. Leisure Sciences, 21, p. 179-192.
  5. Hinkin, T. R. (1995). A Review of Scale Development Practices in the Study of Organization. Journal of Management, Sept-Oct

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

-

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

BÜLENT Gürbüz
BAŞKENT ÜNİVERSİTESİ, SAĞLIK BİLİMLERİ FAKÜLTESİ, SPOR BİLİMLERİ BÖLÜMÜ
Türkiye

SUAT Karaküçük
GAZİANTEP ÜNİVERSİTESİ, BEDEN EĞİTİMİ VE SPOR YÜKSEKOKULU
Türkiye

Publication Date

January 15, 2007

Submission Date

March 14, 2017

Acceptance Date

November 9, 2007

Published in Issue

Year 2007 Volume: 12 Number: 1

APA
Gürbüz, B., & Karaküçük, S. (2007). LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 12(1), 3-10. https://izlik.org/JA93TK29JW
AMA
1.Gürbüz B, Karaküçük S. LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY. Gazi JPESS. 2007;12(1):3-10. https://izlik.org/JA93TK29JW
Chicago
Gürbüz, BÜLENT, and SUAT Karaküçük. 2007. “LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY”. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences 12 (1): 3-10. https://izlik.org/JA93TK29JW.
EndNote
Gürbüz B, Karaküçük S (January 1, 2007) LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences 12 1 3–10.
IEEE
[1]B. Gürbüz and S. Karaküçük, “LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY”, Gazi JPESS, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 3–10, Jan. 2007, [Online]. Available: https://izlik.org/JA93TK29JW
ISNAD
Gürbüz, BÜLENT - Karaküçük, SUAT. “LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY”. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences 12/1 (January 1, 2007): 3-10. https://izlik.org/JA93TK29JW.
JAMA
1.Gürbüz B, Karaküçük S. LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY. Gazi JPESS. 2007;12:3–10.
MLA
Gürbüz, BÜLENT, and SUAT Karaküçük. “LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY”. Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, vol. 12, no. 1, Jan. 2007, pp. 3-10, https://izlik.org/JA93TK29JW.
Vancouver
1.BÜLENT Gürbüz, SUAT Karaküçük. LEISURE CONSTRAINTS SCALE-28: SCALE DEVELOPMENT, VALIDITY and RELIABILITY STUDY. Gazi JPESS [Internet]. 2007 Jan. 1;12(1):3-10. Available from: https://izlik.org/JA93TK29JW

Gazi Journal of Physical Education and Sports Sciences is a scientific and peer-reviewed journal published quarterly.