Konya İli Zemin Çökmelerinin PS-InSAR Yöntemi ile Değerlendirilmesi ve Litolojik Özelliklerle İlişkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 3, 304 - 315, 08.03.2025

Cemil Gezgin , Halil İbrahim Gündüz

https://doi.org/10.29128/geomatik.1638738

Öz

Konya Kapalı Havzası’nın yüzdesel olarak en büyük alanını kaplayan ve 2 milyondan fazla insana ev sahipliği yapan Konya ili sahip olduğu verimli topraklar nedeniyle önemli bir tarım kaynağıdır. Son yıllarda iklim değişikliğine bağlı bölgede yaşanan kuraklık, içme suyu ve tarımsal sulama için gereken su ihtiyacının önemli ölçüde artması ve bu ihtiyaçların büyük kısmının yeraltı sularından karşılanması sonucunda bölgedeki su kaynaklarının azalması beraberinde bazı çevresel sorunlar ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Kontrolsüz yeraltı suyu kullanımı sonucunda akiferlerdeki basıncın azalmasına ek olarak Konya ve çevresinde sıklıkla görülen ince taneli sediman toprak yapısı ve kolay çözünebilen karstik yapılar bölgede meydana gelen zemin çökmesi süreçlerini hızlandırmakta ve bu durum Konya ili için negatif sosyo-ekonomik etkilere neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle gerçekleştirilen çalışmada Konya il sınırlarını kapsayan bölgedeki zemin çökmelerinin mekânsal ve zamansal evrimi Sentinel-1/A SAR verileri kullanılarak 2018-2023 kapsayan bir zaman periyodunda incelenmiştir. Çalışma bölgesinde yükselen uydu yörüngelerinden elde edilen verilere PS-InSAR tekniği uygulanarak uydu bakış doğrultusunda deformasyon haritaları ve noktalara ait zaman serileri elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen deformasyon değerleri bölgedeki litolojik yapıyla karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar yüksek nüfus barındıran bölgelerin çevresindeki çökme değerlerinin en yüksek seviyeye ulaştığına ve bu bölgeler için zemin çökmelerinin ciddi tehlike oluşturduğuna işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Konya, Çökme, InSAR, Litoloji

Kaynakça

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