The Anastasian Military Decree from Perge in Pamphylia: Revised 2nd Edition

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 14, 133 - 212, 15.05.2017

Fatih Onur

https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.318456

Cited By: 3

Öz

This article
contains a revised version of the inscription from Perge containing a military decree
of Anastasius I. The fragments of this inscription were unearthed in 1974
during excavations at Perge. The inscription was discovered in about 850
fragments in an area to the south of northern fountain on the southern slopes
of the acropolis. Today these fragments are preserved in the storage rooms of
the Museum of Antalya. It contains an imperial sermo, an enactment of a magister
militum, both translated from Latin into Greek, and a notitia
concerning the number of soldiers in a legio and their respective
salaries in kind and in cash.

The main
issue addressed in the inscription concerns the soldiers in a legio and that
they have been deprived of their customary payments and retirement bounties on
account of corruption and the sale of posts within the unit and its constituent
scholae. In particular, that the names of the deceased or of missing
soldiers had not been removed from the regimental records or their positions had
been filled by unqualified or ineligible men who had obtained these posts
through either bribery or influence. Accordingly, this edict aims to impose
measures against these corrupt practices. Anastasius orders that the actual
numbers of soldiers holding each grade in the legio should be
investigated and any shortfall was to be rectified and it was to be maintained
at a full complement in accordance with the schedule of grades and annonae
provided.

On the
basis of research on Text C, it seems that the total number of men listed in
the schedule is no less than 1550-1600. The titles included in the list are tribunus numeri, tribunus minor, ordinarii,
augustales (1), augustales alii (2), augustales alii (3), flaviales (1),
flaviales alii (2), signiferi, optiones, veredarii (1), veredarii alii (2),
vexillarii, imaginiferi, librarii, mensores, tubicines, cornicines,
bucinatores, praeco, armaturae duplares, beneficiarii, torquati semissales,
bracchiati semissales, armaturae semissales, munifices, clerici and deputati. Additionaly, there are also some other
titles/grades/posts mentioned in the text A and B as follow: principia, draconarii, magister draconum and campidoctor. Even though some parts of the inscription are today
missing, the surviving text contains valuable information in respect to later
Roman history, the army, the legal system, and for linguistics.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anastasius I, Later Roman Army, Late Antiquity, corruption, military pay, adaeratio, annona

Pamphylia-Perge’de Bulunmuş I. Anastasios Dönemi'ne Ait Ordu Fermanı: Gözden Geçirilmiş İkinci Edisyon

Öz

Bu makalede, Perge’de bulunmuş olan İmparator I.
Anastasios’un (İ.S. 491-518) ordu ile ilgili fermanını içeren yazıtın revize
edilmiş ikinci edisyonu yayımlanmaktadır. Bu yazıtın parçaları Perge’de 1974
yılı kazılarında gün yüzüne çıkarılmıştır. Akropolis tepesinin güneyindeki
kuzey çeşmesinin güneyinde yak. 850 parça olarak çıkarılan yazıt Antalya
Arkeoloji Müzesi’nde korunmaktadır. Yazıt, her ikisi de Latince’den Yunanca’ya
çevrilmiş olan Anastasios’a ait bir imparatorluk fermanı ve magister militum’un emirnamesi ile
birlikte bir lejyondaki askerlerin unvan/rütbe sınıflarına göre sayıları,
aldıkları ayni ve nakdi maaşlarını içeren bir çizelge olmak üzere üç kısımdan
oluşmaktadır.

Yazıtta değinilen ana konu bir lejyondaki askerler ve bu
askerlerin, bulundukları birimleri ve schola’larında
gerçekleşen yozlaşmalar ve mevki satışı nedeniyle geleneksel ödemelerden,
emeklilik ikramiyelerinden mahrum bırakılışlarıdır. Ayrıca, ölmüş ya da kayıp
statüsündeki askerlerin isimlerinin birim kayıtlarından çıkarılmadığı ve
bunların kadrolarının rüşvet ya da torpille gelen niteliksiz ve yetersiz
kimselerce doldurulduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Buna uygun şekilde ferman bu yoz
uygulamalara karşı önlemler getirmektedir. Anastasios lejyon içerisinde her bir
unvan/rütbe grubundaki asker sayılarının takip edilmesini ve bu sayıların
belirtilen miktarda tutularak, birimin gerçek asker sayısının her zaman tam
olmasını emretmektedir.

C lehvasındaki listeye göre, ilgili lejyondaki
askerlerin toplam sayısı 1550-1600’den aşağı değildir. Listede içerilen
unvan/rütbe adları şu şekildedir: tribunus numeri, tribunus minor, ordinarii, augustales
(1), augustales alii (2), augustales alii (3), flaviales (1), flaviales alii
(2), signiferi, optiones, veredarii (1), veredarii alii (2), vexillarii,
imaginiferi, librarii, mensores, tubicines, cornicines, bucinatores, praeco,
armaturae duplares, beneficiarii, torquati semissales, bracchiati semissales,
armaturae semissales, munifices, clerici ve deputati. Ayrıca Levha A ve B’deki metinlerde principia, draconarii, magister draconum ve campidoctor anılmaktadır. Yazıtın bazı
kısımları eksik olsa da, mevcut metin Roma tarihi, ordusu, hukuk sistemi ve
dilbilimsel açıdan önemli veriler içermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

I. Anastasios, Geç Roma Ordusu, Geç Antik Dönem, yozlaşma, askeri ödemeler, adaeratio, annona

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