TL 106 No'lu Likçe Yazıtın Okunmasına Yönelik Bir Öneri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 24 , 11 - 17, 15.11.2022

Diether Schürr

https://doi.org/10.37095/gephyra.1120561

Öz

Yazıtın alışılagelenden farklı bir yerde, yani ñneti’den hemen önce kısımlara ayrılabileceği önerilmektedir. Bu durumda ikinci lanetin içeriği, suç sahibinin mezara verdiği zararla orantılı olarak cezalandırılmasıdır, yani hem Likçe yazıtlarda hem de Likya’daki Yunanca yazıtlarda rastlanmayan tekil bir kısasa kısas örneğidir. “Benim” karımın ve “benim” çocuklarımın gömülmesi isteği, başlangıçta planlandığı gibi yazıta üçüncü bir bölüm olarak eklidir ve ardından iki kişi daha eklenir.
ñneti fiili, mezar içerikli olmayıp muhtemelen bir antlaşma olan bir yazıtta daha görülür ve burada “gömmek” için kullanılan olağan fiillerin yerini alır. Fiilin cümlenin başına yerleştirilmesi de olağan bir durum değildir ve bu durum yazıt ustasının fiili kelime ayırıcı olmadan ikinci satırın sonuna eklemesine yol açmış olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Likya Dili, mezar yazıtları, kısasa kısas

Ein Lesevorschlag zur lykischen Inschrift TL 106

Öz

It is proposed that the inscription be segmented at a different point to the usual, namely, immediately before ñneti. The content of the second curse is then that the perpetrator shall be defiled commensurately with the defilement of the tomb, i.e., a singular case of a talion not attested elsewhere in Lycian inscriptions, nor in Greek inscriptions from Lycia. A request to bury "my" wife and "my" children follows as an additional, third part to the inscription as originally planned, then a further addition of two persons.
The verb ñneti is also attested in a non-funereal inscription, probably a treaty, and replaces here the usual verbs for "to bury". Placing the verb at the beginning of the sentence is also unusual, and this may have led the epigrapher to add it, without a word divider, onto the end of the second line.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lycian language, tomb inscriptions, talion

A proposal for the reading of the Lycian inscription TL 106

Öz

It is proposed that the inscription be segmented at a different point to the usual, namely, immediately before ñneti. The content of the second curse is then that the perpetrator shall be defiled commensurately with the defilement of the tomb, i.e., a singular case of a talion not attested elsewhere in Lycian inscriptions, nor in Greek inscriptions from Lycia. A request to bury "my" wife and "my" children follows as an additional, third part to the inscription as originally planned, then a further addition of two persons.
The verb ñneti is also attested in a non-funereal inscription, probably a treaty, and replaces here the usual verbs for "to bury". Placing the verb at the beginning of the sentence is also unusual, and this may have led the epigrapher to add it, without a word divider, onto the end of the second line.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Lycian language, tomb inscriptions, talion

Kaynakça

• I.-X. Adiego, Two reading notes to the Lycian text of the Letoon trilingual stele, Kadmos 51, 2012, 93-98.
• W. Arkwright, Lycian Epitaphs, in: W. H. Buckler – W. M. Calder (Hgg.), Anatolian Studies presented to Sir W. M. Ramsay, Manchester 1923, 15-25.
• N. O. Billing, Finite verb formation in Lycian, Diss. Leiden 2019.
• B. Christiansen, Typen von Sanktionsformeln in den lykischen Grabinschriften und ihre Funktionen, in: R. Nedoma – D. Stifter (Hgg.), *h2nr. Festschrift für Heiner Eichner (Die Sprache 48), Wiesbaden 2009, 44-54.
• B. Christiansen, Die lykische Nova N 337 aus Limyra: Ein Vertrag zwischen der Stadt Zẽmuri (Limyra) und Xuχrm͂me/i? Mit einem Exkurs von Heiner Eichner zum neuen lykischen Ethnikon Xuχrm͂mezi, in: M. Seyer (Hg.), 40 Jahre Grabung Limyra. Akten des internationalen Symposions Wien, 3.-5. Dezember 2009, Wien 2012, 141-153.
• B. Christiansen, Grave Matters. Legal provisions for a Proper Final Rest in Classical Lycia, in: M. Zimmermann (Hg.), Das Xanthostal in archaisch-klassischer Zeit. Eine archäologisch-historische Bestandsaufnahme (Die hellenistische Polis als Lebensform 7), Göttingen 2019, 166-261.
• E. Dündar – F. Réveilhac, A pithos with Lycian inscription from Patara, Kadmos 60, 2021, 157-172.
• I. Hajnal, Der lykische Vokalismus: Methode und Erkenntnis der vergleichenden anatolischen Sprachwissenschaft, angewandt auf das Vokalsystem einer Kleincorpussprache (Arbeiten aus der Abt. „Vergl. Sprachwiss.“ Graz Bd. 10), Graz 1995.
• K. Harter-Uibopuu, Synchōrēsis, Parachōrēsis, Ekchōrēsis. Formen der Übertragung von Grabrechten im kaiserzeitlichen Kleinasien, in: L. Gagliardi – L. Pepe (Hgg.), Dike. Essays on Greek law in honor of Alberto Maffi, Milano 2019, 151-182.
• E. Kalinka, Tituli Lyciae lingua Lycia conscripti (TAM I), Vindobonae 1901.
• E. Laroche, Comparaison du louvite et du lycien III. BSL 62, 1967, 46-66.
• H. C. Melchert, A Dictionary of the Lycian Language, Ann Arbor – New York 2004.
• H. C. Melchert, The Trilingual Inscription of the Létôon, Lycian Version (sub www.achemenet.com), 2018.
• J. Miller et al. online: Digital Philological-Etymological Dictionary of the Minor Ancient Anatolian Corpus Languages (www.ediana.gwi.uni-muenchen.de).
• G. Neumann, Neufunde lykischer Inschriften seit 1901 (Denkschr. ÖAW, phil.-hist. Kl. 135), Wien 1979.
• G. Neumann, Glossar des Lykischen. Überarbeitet und zum Druck gebracht von J. Tischler, Wiesbaden 2007.
• R. Oreshko, Luwian word for ‛place, plot of land’ and Lycian alaha-, aladehal(i), *aladehxxa- and miñti-, MSS 73/1, 2019, 81-118.
• D. Schürr, Nymphen von Phellos, Kadmos 36, 1997, 127-140.
• D. Schürr, Karische Berg- und Ortsnamen mit lykischem Anschluß, HS 119, 2006, 117-132.
• D. Schürr, Zum Agora-Pfeiler in Xanthos I: Anschluß eines weiteren Fragments, Kadmos 46, 2007, 109-124.
• D. Schürr, Lykisch urtta- und *señnaha-, IF 113, 2008, 176-186.
• D. Schürr, Zur Rolle der lykischen Mindis. Kadmos 47, 2008, 147-170.
• D. Schürr, Lykische Genitive, IF 115, 2010, 118-126.
• D. Schürr, Ermasortas: ein lykischer Männername im kaiserzeitlichen Patara, in: E. Dündar et al. (Hgg.), Havva İşkan’a Armağan LYKIARKHISSA Festschrift für Havva İşkan, İstanbul, 2016, 707-716.
• D. Schürr, Zum lykischen Rautenzeichen ◊, Philia 3, 2017, 167-171.
• R. Tekoğlu, TL 29: Una nuova proposta di lettura, in: R. Bombi et al. (Hgg.), Studi linguistici in onore di R. Gusmani, Alessandria 2006, 1703-1710.