Obsesif Kompulsif Bozuklukta Psikososyal Rehabilitasyonun Klinik Önemi ve Uygulama Yöntemleri

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 48 - 56, 29.07.2025

Aliye Eda Uçar , Atakan Öztürk

Öz

Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk (OKB), bireylerin günlük yaşam kalitesini ciddi şekilde etkileyen kronik bir ruh sağlığı problemidir. OKB’nin yalnızca biyolojik ve psikolojik yönleri değil, aynı zamanda sosyal işlevselliği de derinden etkilediği bilinmektedir. Bu bağlamda, psikososyal rehabilitasyon, bireylerin toplumsal yaşama uyum sağlamalarına ve işlevselliklerini artırmalarına yönelik önemli bir tedavi yaklaşımı olarak öne çıkmaktadır.
Bu derlemede, psikososyal rehabilitasyonun OKB tedavisindeki rolü ele alınmakta, bu yaklaşıma dayalı uygulamalar incelenmekte ve etkinliği değerlendirilmektedir. Psikososyal rehabilitasyon kapsamında uygulanan bilişsel davranışçı terapi, destekleyici grup terapileri, sosyal beceri eğitimi ve mesleki rehabilitasyon programları gibi yöntemlerin, bireylerin sosyal işlevselliğini artırmada ve semptomlarını yönetmede nasıl bir etki sağladığı tartışılmaktadır. Ayrıca, aile ve toplumsal destek mekanizmalarının tedavi sürecindeki rolü irdelenerek, bireyin psikososyal iyileşme sürecine katkı sağlayan faktörler detaylandırılmaktadır. Psikososyal müdahalelerin, bireylerin günlük yaşam aktivitelerine katılımını artırdığı, topluma uyumlarını güçlendirdiği ve tedaviye olan motivasyonlarını desteklediği gözlemlenmiştir. Bunun yanı sıra, bu rehabilitasyon yöntemlerinin, geleneksel farmakolojik ve psikoterapötik yaklaşımlara nasıl tamamlayıcı bir destek sunduğu ve uzun vadede sürdürülebilir bir iyileşme sağladığı da ele alınmaktadır. Son olarak, psikososyal rehabilitasyonun OKB tedavisindeki yerini daha da güçlendirmek adına öneriler sunulmakta ve bu alandaki mevcut araştırmalar ışığında, daha kapsamlı ve entegre müdahale programlarının geliştirilmesi büyük önem taşımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Psikososyal Rehabilitasyon , Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi , Sosyal İşlevsellik , Grup Terapisi , Obsesif Kompulsif Bozukluk

The Clinical Importance and Application Methods of Psychosocial Rehabilitation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Öz

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a chronic mental health problem that seriously affects the daily life quality of individuals. It is known that OCD deeply affects not only biological and psychological aspects but also social functioning. In this context, psychosocial rehabilitation stands out as an important treatment approach for individuals to adapt to social life and increase their functioning.
This review examines the role of psychosocial rehabilitation in the treatment of OCD, examines practices based on this approach, and evaluates its effectiveness. It discusses how methods such as cognitive behavioral therapy, supportive group therapies, social skills training, and vocational rehabilitation programs applied within the scope of psychosocial rehabilitation have an effect on increasing individuals' social functionality and managing their symptoms. In addition, the role of family and social support mechanisms in the treatment process is examined, and the factors that contribute to the individual's psychosocial recovery process are detailed. It has been observed that psychosocial interventions increase individuals' participation in daily life activities, strengthen their adaptation to society, and support their motivation for treatment. In addition, it is discussed how these rehabilitation methods provide complementary support to traditional pharmacological and psychotherapeutic approaches and provide sustainable recovery in the long term. Finally, recommendations are presented to further strengthen the place of psychosocial rehabilitation in OCD treatment, and in light of current research in this field, the development of more comprehensive and integrated intervention programs is emphasized.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder , Psychosocial Rehabilitation , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy , Social Functioning , Group Therapy

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