Review of exaggerated startle response based on cases

Öz

Startle is a stereotypical response to a sudden and unexpected stimulant. Although it is often triggered by an acoustic stimuli, tactile, visual or vestibular stimuli may also cause this response. Here, we described totally nine patients with detailed clinical informations as followed; one hereditary, four symptomatic (cases of two ataxias, one dystonia and one stroke) two psychogenic and one case of startle epilepsy. Symptoms were began in puberty in hereditary case, these were began with primary neurodegenerative process in symptomatic cases. Only herediatry case had positive family history for the increased startle.The symptoms are suppressed by the use of clonazepam in seven cases. Increased startle reaction is rarely questioned in daily practice. Diagnosis of this rare disorder can reach us the solutions to improve quality of life of patients.

 

Key words: startle response, startle, epilepsy, pathological startle. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• startle response, startle, epilepsy, pathological startle.

Olgular Temelinde Artmış İrkilme Yanıtının Gözden Geçirilmesi

Öz

İrkilme (startle) ani, beklenmeyen bir uyarıya verilen stereotipik bir yanıttır. Sıklıkla işitsel uyaranlar ile tetiklense de, dokunsal, görsel veya vestibüler uyaranlarla da başlayabilir. Burada; biriherediter,dördü semptomatik (iki ataksi, bir distoni ve bir inme olgusu), ikisi psikojen, biri de startle epilepsisi tanısı alan toplam dokuz ayrı olgunun klinik bilgileri detaylı olarak sunulmuştur. Herediter olguda semptomlar ergenlikle birlikte, semptomatik olgularda ise birincil nörodejeneratif süreçle birlikte başlamıştır. Sadece herediter olguda artmış irkilme açısından pozitif aile öyküsü mevcuttu. Olguların yedisinde klonazepam kullanımı ile semptomlar baskılanmıştır. Artmış irkilme reaksiyonu,günlük pratikte her zaman sorgulanmayan,tanı konulduğunda ise hastaların yaşam kalitelerini arttırıcı çözümlere kolayca ulaşabileceğimiz nadir bir tablodur.

 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• irkilme yanıtı, startle, epilepsi, patolojik irkilme.

Kaynakça

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