PERIPHERAL BLOCK ANESTHESIA OF UPPER EXTREMITY AND ITS COMPLICATIONS

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 3, 195 - 200, 01.09.2012

Hakan Tapar Mustafa Süren Ziya Kaya Semih Arıcı Serkan Karaman Mürsel Kahveci

Öz

Successful peripheral blocks and selection of appropriate technique according to surgery is possible with a good knowledge of anatomy. Regional peripheral block anesthesia of upper extremity which applied by single injection to plexus brachialis is the most recommended method of anesthesia in daily surgical procedures. The most important advantages of peripheral nerve blocks which are type of regional anesthesia according to general anesthesia and central blocks are less effect to respiration and hemodynamics and shortness of recovery time. If a plexus brachialis catheter is placed, control of pain is provided without using systemic narcotic analgesic. With these advantages; rare life threatening potential complications can be seen which are pneumothorax, hematoma, neuritis, allergy, systemic and neurologic complications. In this compilation we aimed to review again the complications of upper extremity nerve blocks according to block type.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Regional anesthesia, peripheral block, plexus brachialis, complication.

ÜST EKSTREMİTE PERİFERİK BLOK ANESTEZİSİ VE KOMPLİKASYONLARI

Öz

Periferik blokların başarılı olması ve cerrahiye uygun tekniğin seçilebilmesi ancak iyi anatomi bilgisiyle olabilmektedir. Tek injeksiyonla pleksus brakiyalise uygulanan bölgesel üst ekstremite periferik blok anestezisi, günübirlik cerrahide en çok tavsiye edilen anestezi yöntemidir. Rejyonel anestezi türü olan periferik sinir bloklarının; genel anesteziye ve santral bloklara göre en önemli avantajları solunuma ve hemodinamiye etkisinin az olması, derlenme süresinin kısa olmasıdır. Pleksus brakiyalise kateter yerleştirilirse, sistemik narkotik analjezik kullanmadan ağrı kontrolü sağlanabilir. Avantajlarının yanında nadirde olsa yaşamı tehdit edebilecek potansiyel komplikasyonlarda görülebilir. Pnömotoraks, hematom, nörit, allerji, sistemik ve nörolojik komplikasyonlar bunlardan bazılarıdır. Biz bu derlemede üst ekstremite sinir bloklarında karşımıza çıkabilecek komplikasyonları blok tipine göre gözden geçirmeyi amaçladık.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rejyonel anestezi, periferik blok, pleksus brakiyalis, komplikasyon.

Kaynakça

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