Effect of Lug Angles of Rigid Wheel on the Tractive Performance on Hard Soil Terrain

Yıl 2017, , 217 - 227, 29.12.2017

Şerafettin Ekinci

https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4380

Öz

On a certain ground, the tractive performance of an off-road vehicle depends largely on the interaction of its tires with the terrain. Accordingly, studying the behavior of tires has a great importance. It is aimed to provide information about the effect of different tire circumferential lug angles on the tractive performance in this study. A single wheel test setup was designed and produced for this purpose. Tractive performance of a pneumatic tire used as drive tire of off-road vehicles and a rigid wheel having different circumferential lug angles was investigated with this setup. Various axle loads, hard soil ground and lug angles were selected as work parameters. As a result, it was determined that effects of controlled variables on slip ratio and tractive efficiency obtained by drawbar pull were important. Average slip ratio of the rigid wheel with 0º circumference lug angle was the highest, because adherence to ground of this rigid wheel is insufficient. The maximum tractive efficiency was achieved at a value of 66 % on a rigid wheel with a 45 ° circumferential lug angle. It was seen that the performances of the pneumatic wheel with 45º circumferential lug angle and the rigid wheel with 45º circumferential lug angle were so close to each other. The rigid wheel with 15º circumferential lug angle performed best in low axle loads, while the rigid wheel with 45º performed best in high axle loads. A reference can be constituted for optimum tire lug angle determination by analyzing the rolling resistance in the future studies.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Rigid wheel, tire, tractive efficiency, tractive performance single wheel tester

Kaynakça

• Abd El-Gawwad KA, Crolla DA, Soliman AMA, El-Sayed FM (1999). Off-road tyre modelling III: effect of angled lugson tyre performance. Journal of Terramechanics, 36: 63-75.
• Akıncı İ, Sabancı A (1991). Türkiye’de traktörlerin farklı koşullarda iş başarıları. 13. Ulusal Tarımsal Mekanizasyon Kongresi, Konya, 125-128.
• Burt EC, Lyne PWL, Meiring P, Keen JF (1983). Balast and inflation effects on tire efficiency, Transactions of the ASAE, 26: 1352-1354.
• Çarman K,Aydın C(2002). Load and velocity effects on tire, International Conference on Agricultural Engineering, Budapest.
• Degirmencioglu A, Way TR (2004). Tractive performance comparison of radial-ply and bias-ply agricultural tractor drive tires. Journal of Yugoslav Scientific Society of Agricultural Engeering, 10: 1-8.
• Ding L, Gao H, Deng Z, Nagatani K, Yoshida K (2011). Experimental study and analysis on driving wheels’ performance for planetary exploration rovers moving in deformable soil. Journal of Terramechanics, 48: 27-45.
• Ding L, Gao H, Deng Z, Yoshida K, Nagatani K (2009). Slip Ratio for lugged wheel of planetary rover in deformable soil: Definition and estimation. The 2009 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, USA, 3343-3348.
• Du Y, GaoJ, Jiang L, Zhang Y (2017). Numerical analysis of lug effects on tractive performance of off‑road wheel by DEM. Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering, 39: 1977-1987.
• Ekinci Ş, Çarman K (2017). Effects of some properties of drive tires used in horticultural tractors on tractive performance. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 23: 84-94.
• Elwaleed AK, Yahya A., Zohadie M, Ahmad D, Kheiralla AF (2006). Net traction ratio prediction for high-lug agricultural tyre. Journal of Terramechanics, 43: 119-139.
• Ferhadbegović B, Brinkmann C, Kutzbach HD (2005). Dynamic longitudinal model for agricultural tyres, Proceedings of the 15th International Conference of the ISTVS Hayama, Japan, 1-13.
• Hermawan W, Yamazaki M, Oida A (1998). Design and traction performance of the movablelug wheel. Journal of Terramechanics, 35: 159-177.
• Kumar AA, Tewari VK, Nare B (2016). Embedded digital draft force and wheel slip indicator for tillage research. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 127: 38-49.
• Nakashima H, Fujii H, Oida A, Momozu M, Kanamori H, Aoki S, Yokoyama T, Shimizu H, Miyasaka J, Ohdoi K (2010). Discrete element method analysis of single wheel performance for a small lunar rover on sloped terrain. Journal of Terramechanics, 47: 307-321.
• Pradhan P, Verma AK, Naik RK, Guru PK (2017). Draftbility of power tiller with different lug angle of cage wheels in puddle soils for paddy. International Journal of Bio-resource and Stress Management, 8:079-084.
• Salokhe VM, Manzoor S, Gee-cloughy D (1990). Pull and lift forces acting on single cage wheel lugs. Journal of Terramechanics, 27: 25-39.
• Senatore C, Sandu C (2011). Torque distribution influence on tractive efficiency and mobilityof off-road wheeled vehicles. Journal of Terramechanics, 48: 372-383.
• Shao M, Kishimoto T, Satow T, Takeda J, Way TR (2017). Traction and braking force on three surfaces of agricultural tire lug. Engineering in Agriculture, Environment and Food, 10: 39-47.
• Sümer SK, Sabancı A (2005). Effects of different tire configurations on tractor performance. Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry, 29:461-468.
• Taghavifar H, Mardani A (2015). Net raction of a driven wheel as affected by slippage, velocity and wheel load. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences,14: 167-171.
• Terzi S, Karaşahin M, Saltan M, Tuncuk M, Ertem FS, Yılmaz A, Varış M, Taciroğlu M (2009). Birden fazla tabakalı sathi kaplamaların fiziksel özelliklerinin araştırılması, 5. Ulusal Asfalt Sempozyumu, Ankara.
• Upadhyaya SK, Wulfsohn D (1989). An overview of traction research at University of California, Davis, California Agriculture, March-April 15-17.
• Watyotha C, Gee-Clough D, Salokhe VM (2001). Effect of circumferential angle, lug spacing and slip on lug wheel forces. Journal of Terramechanics, 38: 1-14.
• Yahya A, Zohadie M, Ahmad D, Elwaleed AK, Kheiralla AF (2007). UPM indoor tyre traction testing facility. Journal of Terramechanics, 44:293-301.
• Zoz FM, Grisso RD (2003) Traction and tractor performance. ASAE Publication No. 913C0403. Agricultural Equipment Technology Conference, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.