Effect of Some Macronutrients Foliar Application on The Quantitative and Qualitative Traits of Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.)

Öz

This study was conducted in the experimental field of Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University in 2017. The purpose of this study was, to examine the effect of foliar application of 3 levels macro nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium)in different 3 levels dosage of these elements (2, 3 and 4g/1000) on yield and yield components of Fenugreek herb. Results showed that foliar application of macro nutrients was significant in plant height, number of pod, number of seeds per pod, pod length, 1000 grain weight, seed yield and biomass, seed nitrogen and protein percentage of Fenugreek. The highest grain yield (1029.2 kg/ha) and seed protein percentage (12.4%) were obtained in the nitrogen treatment. Also the lowest 1000-seed weight was achieved in control. The dosage of macro nutrients (excluding number of seeds per pod and seed yield) had a significant effect on the observed traits. The highest biomass yield (1574.17 kg/ha) was gained through 4g/1000, however the highest seed protein percentage (11.26%) was observed by 2g/1000. Therefore, foliar application method reduces utilization of chemical fertilizers, which can increase the efficiency of fertilizer application and decrease fertilizer nutrient losses.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Plant nutrition
• pharmaceutical plants
• macro elements
• seed yield

Kaynakça

1. Bahmani M, Shirzad H, Mirhosseini M, Mesripour A, Rafieian-Kopaei M (2016). A review on ethnobotanical and therapeutic uses of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graceum L.). Journal of evidence-based complementary & alternative medicine, 21(1): 53-62.
2. Bennett EJ, Brignell CJ, Carion PW, Cook SM, EastmondPJ, Teakle GR, Hammond JP, Love C, King GJ, Roberts JA, Wagstaff C (2017). Development of a statistical crop model to explain the relationship between seed yield and phenotypic diversity within the Brassica napus genepool. Agronomy, 7(2): 31.
3. Bhunia SR, Verma IM, Arif M (2017). Response of fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum) to bio-regulators TGA and N-acetyl cystein under drip irrigation levels. Journal of Spices and Aromatic Crops, 26(1): 55-58.
4. Brahim S, Niess A, Pflipsen M, Neuhoff D, Scherer H (2017). Effect of combined fertilization with rock phosphate and elemental sulphur on yield and nutrient uptake of soybean. Plant, Soil and Environment, 63(2): 89-95.
5. Fageria NK (2016). The use of nutrients in crop plants. CRC press.
6. Fageria NK, Baligar VC, Jones CA (2010). Growth and mineral nutrition of field crops. CRC Press.
7. Fahad S, Ahmad M, Akbar Anjum M, Hussain S (2014). The effect of micronutrients (B, Zn and Fe) foliar application on the growth, flowering and corm production of gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L.) in calcareous soils. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 16: 1671-1682.
8. Ferrante A, NocitoFF, Morgutti S, Sacchi GA (2017). Plant Breeding for Improving Nutrient Uptake and Utilization Efficiency. In Advances in Research on Fertilization Management of Vegetable Crops. :221-246. Springer, ISBN 978-3-319-53624-8 ISBN 978-3-319-53626-2 (eBook), DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-53626-2.

9. Ghiyasi M, Amirnia R, Fazelimanesh M, Tajbakhsh M (2015). The Effect of Seed Priming with Different Concentrations of Ascorbic Acid on Germination and Vigor of Cumine (Cumin cyminum L.) under Saline Conditions. Thai Journal of Agricultural Science, 48(4): 179-185.
10. Gutiérrez-Gamboa G, Portu J, Santamaría P, López R, Garde-Cerdán T (2017). Effects on grape amino acid concentration through foliar application of three different elicitors. Food Research International, 99: 688-692.
11. Ha N, Feike T, Back H, Xiao H, Bahrs E (2015). The effect of simple nitrogen fertilizer recommendation strategies on product carbon footprint and gross margin of wheat and maize production in the North China Plain. Journal of environmental management, 163: 146-154.
12. Hafez MM, Shafeek MR, Mahmoud AR, Ali AH (2015). Beneficial effects of nitrogen fertilizer and humic acid on growth, yield and nutritive values of spinach (Spinaciaolivera L.). Middle East Journal of Applied, 5(2): 597-603.
13. HasanzadehGorttapeh A, Ghiyasi M (2008). Waterlogging and that’s Effect on Plant Ecophysiology. West AzerbayijanJahadeDaneshgahi Press.
14. Hawkesford MJ (2014). Reducing the reliance on nitrogen fertilizer for wheat production. Journal of cereal science, 59(3): 276-283.
15. Hoste H, Torres-Acosta JFJ, Quijada J, Chan-Perez I, Dakheel MM, Kommuru DS, Mueller-Harvey I, Terrill TH (2016). Chapter Seven-Interactions between Nutrition and Infections WithHaemonchuscontortus and Related Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Small Ruminants. Advances in parasitology, 93: 239-351.
16. Kataki S, West H, Clarke M, Baruah DC (2016). Phosphorus recovery as struvite: Recent concerns for use of seed, alternative Mg source, nitrogen conservation and fertilizer potential. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 107:142-156.
17. Keshavarz H, SanavySAMM (2015). Biochemical and Morphological Response of Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) to Salinity Stress and Vitamin B12. International Journal of Farming and Allied Sciences, 4(7): 585-593.
18. Khoshbakht, K., 2006. Agrobiodiversity of Plant Genetic Resources in Savadkouh, Iran, with Emphasis on Plant Uses and Socioeconomic Aspects. Kassel university press GmbH.
19. Kumari J, Kulkarni GU, Sharma LK (2017). Stability analysis in fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum-graecum L.). Electronic Journal of Plant Breeding, 7(4): 904-910.
20. Liu R, Lal R (2015). Potentials of engineered nanoparticles as fertilizers for increasing agronomic productions. Science of the total environment, 514:131-139.
21. Moore CCS, Nogueira AR, Kulay L (2017). Environmental and energy assessment of the substitution of chemical fertilizers for industrial wastes of ethanol production in sugarcane cultivation in Brazil. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment, 22(4): 628-643.
22. Parimi NS, Singh M, Kastner JR, Das KC, Forsberg LS, Azadi P (2015). Optimization of protein extraction from Spirulina platensis to generate a potential co-product and a biofuel feedstock with reduced nitrogen content. Frontiers in Energy Research, 3: 30-31.
23. Pavlista AD, HergertGW, Margheim JM, Isbell TA (2016). Growth of spring canola (Brassicanapus) under deficit irrigation in Western Nebraska. Industrial Crops and Products, 83: 635-640.
24. Pourmohammad A, Shekari F, Soltaniband V (2014). Cycocel priming and foliar application affect yield components of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). CercetariAgronomice in Moldova, 47(1): 59-69.
25. Sampaio MC, Santos RF, Bassegio D, de Vasconselos ES, de Almeida Silva M, Secco D, da Silva TRB (2016). Fertilizer improves seed and oil yield of safflower under tropical conditions. Industrial Crops and Products, 94: 589-595.
26. SAS, S., 2002. STAT software, version 9.1. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC USA. Shiva V (2016). The violence of the green revolution: Third world agriculture, ecology, and politics. University Press of Kentucky.
27. Stuart D, ScheweRL, McDermott, M (2014). Reducing nitrogen fertilizer application as a climate change mitigation strategy: Understanding farmer decision-making and potential barriers to change in the US. Land use policy, 36: 210-218.
28. Styring AK, Fraser RA, Bogaard A, Evershed RP (2014). Cereal grain, rachis and pulse seed amino acid δ 15 N values as indicators of plant nitrogen metabolism. Phytochemistry, 97: 20-29.
29. Tajbakhsh M, Ghiyasi M (2008). West Azerbayijan Jahade Daneshgahi Press. West Azarbaijan University.
30. Trachsel S, San Vicente FM, Suarez EA, Rodriguez CS, AtlinGN (2016). Effects of planting density and nitrogen fertilization level on grain yield and harvest index in seven modern tropical maize hybrids (Zea mays L.). The Journal of Agricultural Science, 154(4): 689-704.
31. Tsige BA, Abebe A (2016). Effect of the time and rate of N-fertilizer application on growth and yield of wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) at Chencha, Southern Ethiopia. Global Journal of Chemistry, 2(2): 86-94.
32. Ullah I, Ali M, Farooqi A (2010). Chemical and nutritional properties of some maize (Zea mays L.) varieties grown in NWFP, Pakistan. Pakistan journal of Nutrition, 9(11): 1113-1117.
33. Yang J, Zhang J (2006). Grain filling of cereals under soil drying. New Phytologist, 169(2): 223-236.
34. Zhang H, Hao D, Sitoe HM, Yin Z, Hu Z, Zhang G, Yu D (2015). Genetic dissection of the relationship between plant architecture and yield component traits in soybean (Glycinemax) by association analysis across multiple environments. Plant Breeding, 134(5): 564-572.
35. Zubair M, Akhtar LH, Minhas R, Qamar MJ, Bukhari SJ, Sadiq A, Hussain S, Ammar A, Aziz MK (2017). Expediency of water and soil nutrients in irrigated and extreme drought conditions. African Journal of Agricultural Research, 12(27): 2310-2318.