Antalya'da Sebzelerde Verim Azalmasına Neden Olan Yaprak ve Toprak Kökenli Fungal Hastalıklarının Araştırılması, Tanımlanması ve Patojenitesi

Öz

Sebze tarımının Türkiye ve Antalya ekonomisine önemli katkısı vardır. Bu çalışma, yaprağı yenen sebzelerde verim kaybına neden olan yaprak ve toprak kökenli fungal patojenlerin araştırılmasını ve tanımlanmasını amaçlamıştır. Çalışma, 2021 yılında, Antalya ilinde yoğun sebze yetiştiriciliği yapılan Aksu, Serik, Muratpaşa, Kepez ve Korkuteli ilçelerinde yürütülmüştür. Hastalık etmeni fungal patojenlerin simptomolojik, morfolojik ve mikroskobik tanılamaları yapılmış ayrıca hastalık şiddeti ve yaygınlık oranları belirlenmiştir. Hastalık belirtisi gösteren bitkilerin hem yapraklarından hem de köklerinden izolatlar elde edilerek patojenite testleri yapılmıştır. Survey sonuçlarına göre, %40 bitki enfeksiyon oranı ve %16,9 hastalık şiddeti ile Mildiyö en önemli hastalık olarak tespit edilmiştir. Maydanoz yetiştirilen bölgelerde Fusarium sp. %23,82 oranı ile toprak kaynaklı baskın patojen olarak tanımlanmış olup bunu marulda %14,28 Sclerotinia sclerotiorum izlemiştir. En düşük görülme sıklığı ise terede Albugo candida olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Antalya ilinde marul, maydanoz, dereotu, tere, nane ve fesleğen yetiştirilen alanlarda fungal hastalık etmenleri ve yaygınlığı hakkında önemli bilgiler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Hastalık şiddeti
• yaprağı yenen sebzeler
• yaygınlık oranı

Investigation, Identification and Pathogenicity Assessment of Leaf and Soil-Borne Fungal Diseases Causing Yield Reduction in Vegetables in Antalya

Öz

Vegetables significantly contribute to Antalya, Türkiye's economy. This study aimed to investigate and identify fungal pathogens causing leaf and soil-borne diseases in leafy vegetable crops. Surveys were conducted in 2021, focusing on morphological and microscopic diagnosis, as well as the prevalence rate of these diseases in five regions (Aksu, Serik, Muratpaşa, Kepez, and Korkuteli). Isolates were obtained from both the leaves and roots of symptomatic plants, and pathogenicity tests were conducted. Survey results showed that lectuca downy mildew was the most important disease, with a 40% plant infection rate and 16.9% disease severity in most parts of the region. In areas where parsley was cultivated, Fusarium sp. was identified as the predominant soil-borne pathogen at 23.82%, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was prevalent in lettuce at 14.28%. The lowest incidence of Albugo candida was observed in cress. In conclusion, this study provides crucial insights into the prevalence of fungal diseases and the specific pathogens responsible for damage to lettuce, parsley, dill, cress, mint, and basil cultivation in Antalya province. The incidence and prevalence of these fungal diseases were assessed through surveys in Antalya. In conclusion, this study provides important information on fungal disease agents and their prevalence in lettuce, parsley, dill, cress, mint and basil cultivated areas in Antalya province.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Disease incidence
• leafy vegetable
• prevalence.

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