Yomra Fındık Klonlarının (Corylus avellana L.) Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu araştırma, 2020-2021 yıllarında Düzce ili ve Akçakoca ilçesi Yomra fındık popülasyonunda geç yapraklanma, meyve kalitesi ve verim ıslah amaçları yönünden üstün özellikli klonların seçilmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada 98 adet Yomra klonu incelenmiş ve 20 adet klon seçilmiştir. Seçilen klonların birim gövde kesit alanına düşen ortalama verimi 83.25 g/cm2 ile 32.43 g/cm2 arasında iç randımanı ise % 48.89 ile % 55.90 arasında değişmiştir. Seçilen klonların meyve ağırlığı, meyve iriliği, meyve şekil indeksi, kabuk kalınlığı, iç ağırlığı, iç iriliği ve sağlam iç oranı değerleri sırasıyla 1.82-3.90 g; 16.45-20.06 mm; 0.96-1.06; 0.87-1.25 mm; 0.97-1.91 g, 12.52-14.88 mm ve % 91.38-99.14 arasında bulunmuştur. Çalışmada; 5 klonun (MZ 06, MZ 24, MZ 30, MZ 42 ve 35 MZ 47) diğer klonlara göre daha üstün nitelikte olduğu tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Corylus avellana L.
• Geç Yapraklanma
• Meyve Kalitesi
• Klonal Seleksiyon
• Verim.

Evaluation of ‘Yomra’ Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Clones

Öz

This research was carried out in order to select superior clones with breeding aims in terms of late leafing, nut quality and yield in the Yomra hazelnut population of Düzce province and Akçakoca districts in 2020-2021. In the study, 98 Yomra hazelnut clones were examined and 20 clones were selected. Average yield per trunk cross-sectional area of selected clones changed from 83.25 to 32.43 g/cm2, kernel ratio varied between 48.89 and 55.90%. It was determined that the nut weight, nut size and nut shape index, shell thickness, kernel weight , kernel size, and good kernel ratio of selected clones were respectively: 1.82 g to 3.90 g , 16.45 to 20.06 mm, 0.96 to 1.06, 0.87 mm to1.25 mm; 0.97 g to 1.91 g, 12.52 mm–14.88 mm, and 91.38% - 99.14%. It was determined that 5 clones (MZ 06, MZ 24, MZ 30, MZ 42 and 35 MZ 47) were superior to other clones. As a results, a significant genetic difference was observed in the Yomra hazelnut population.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Clonal Selection
• Corylus avellana L.
• Late leafing
• Nut quality
• Yield

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Etik Beyan

etik beyanım yoktur

Teşekkür

Teşekkür ederim

Kaynakça

1. Anonymous. (2024a). Food and Agriculture Data. Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), http://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/QC.
2. Anonymous. (2024b). Bitkisel Üretim İstatistikleri. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TUİK). https://biruni.tuik.gov.tr/medas/?kn=92&locale=tr.
3. Anonymous. (2024c). Devlet Meteoroloji İşleri Genel Müdürlüğü Düzce Meteoroloji İstasyon Müdürlüğü Kayıtları.
4. Aydemir, Ö. E., Akgün M& Özkutlu F. (2023). Effect of Zinc Sulphate Fertilization on Fruit Quality in Palaz Hazelnut Cultivar. Turkjans, 10(2),450-456 https://doi.org /10.30910/turkjans.1183488
5. Balık, H. İ. & Beyhan N. (2014). Clonal selection of Palaz hazelnut cultivar in Ünye district of Ordu province. Anadolu J Agr Sci, 2014, 29(3):179-185. https://doi: 10.7161/anajas. 2014.29.3.179-185.
6. Balık, H.İ., Balık S.K., Beyhan, N., Erdogan, V. (2016). Hazelnut Cultivars. Klas Matbaacılık, Trabzon, P.93
7. Balık, H.İ, Balık, S.K., Erdogan, V., Kafkas, S., Beyhan, N., Duyar, Ö& Köse, Ç. (2018). Clonal selection in 'Tombul' hazelnut: preliminary results. In IX International Congress on Hazelnut 1226 (pp. 53-58) Samsun, Türkiye. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.2018.1226.7
8. Balık, H.İ. (2018). Investigations of xenia and metaxenia in hazelnut. (Doctoral Dissertation) Ondokuz Mayıs University, Graduate School of Sciences, Samsun, P.258

9. Bilgen, Y., Duyar Ö., Balık H. İ., Balık, K., Bostan, S.Z. & Koç, G.S. (2018). Clonal selection of 'Çakıldak' hazelnut cultivar in Ulubey, Kabadüz and Gölköy (Ordu, Türkiye) districts. I. International Agricultural Science Congress, 9-12 May, Van, Türkiye, P.199
10. Bostan, S.Z.& İslam A. (1999). Determination of interrelationships among the percentages of pellicle removal and the other important fruit quality characteristics in hazelnuts by path analysis. Türkiye III. International Horticulture Science Congress, 14-17 September 1999, Ankara. p:238-242.
11. Çayan, M. (2019) Clonal selection of Çakıldak hazelnut cultivar in Gürgentepe (Ordu) district. Master Thesis, (Unpublished), Ordu University, Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Ordu, P. 85
12. Çetiner, E. (1976). Selections on Tombul in Black sea Region, Especially Giresun Province and Investigation on Selected of Pollinated Round Types. Doctoral Thesis, (Unpublished), Ankara University, Ankara, P.185
13. Ferrão, A.C, Guiné, R.P.F, Ramalhosa, E., Lopes, A., Rodrigues C., Martins H., Gonçalves R., Paula M. R. (2021). Correia chemical and physical properties of some hazelnut varieties grown in Portugal agronomy, 11, 1476. https://doi.org /10.3390 /agronomy-11081476.
14. İslam, A & Özgüven, A.I. (2001). Clonal selection in the Turkish hazelnut cultivars grown in Ordu province. Acta Horticulturae, 556: 203-208. DOI:10.17660/ActaHortic.2001.556.29.
15. İslam, A. (2003). Clonal Selection in 'Uzunmusa' Hazelnut. Plant Breeding 122(4), 368-371. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0523.2003.00853.x
16. İslam, A., Çayan, M. (2019) Clonal selection of Çakıldak hazelnut cultivar in Gürgentepe (Ordu). Academic Journal of Agriculture, Cilt:8 Özel Sayı:1-8, Ordu. https://doi.org/ 10.29278/azd.584541
17. Kan, E. (2019). Clone Selection in Trabzon Sivrisi Hazelnut Population be Grown in Some District Of Trabzon. Master Thesis (Unpublished), Ordu University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, P. 84.
18. Karakaya, O. (2021). Clonal Selection in Palaz and Çakıldak Hazelnut Cultivars Grown in Fatsa. Doctoral Dissertation (Unpublished), Ordu University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, P.315.
19. Köksal, A.I. & Güneş, N.T. (2008) Fındık İçin Tanımlayıcılar. Corylus avellana L. Diversity International FAO, CIHEAM, Roma Italy, Zaragoza, Espana, P.55.
20. Köksal, A. İ. (2018) Turkish Hazelnut Cultivars. Merdiven Reklam Tanıtım, Ankara, ISBN 978-975-8991-37-2. P.182
21. Mehlenbacher, S.A., Miller, A.N., Thompson, M., Lagerstedt, H.B., Smith, D.C. (1991) 'Willamette' hazelnut. HortScience, 26(10), 1341-1342.
22. Mehlenbacher, S. A., Azarenko, A.N., Smith, D.C., McCluskey, R. (2000). ‘Lewis’ hazelnut. HortScience (35):314-315.  https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.35.2.314
23. Mehlenbacher, S.A, Azarenko, A.N, Smith, D.C, McCluskey, R. (2001). 'Clark' hazelnut. HortScience, 36(5): 995-996. DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.36.5.995
24. Mehlenbacher SA, Smith DC, McCluskey RL (2011). ‘Jefferson’ Hazelnut. HortScience, 46(4): 662-664. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.46.4.662
25. Mehlenbacher S.A., David C.S., McCluskey R.L. (2013). ‘Dorris’ Hazelnut Hortscience 48(6):796–799. 2013. DOI: 10.21273/HORTSCI.48.6.796
26. Molnar, T.J., Mehlenbacher S.A., Capik J.M. (2020). Corylus plant named ‘Somerset’. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, U.S. Patent No. PP32, 494, 1-11of Page.  Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.
27. Monastra F., Raparelli E. & Fanigliulo R. (1997). Clonal selection of ‘Tonda Gentile Romana’. Acta Horticulturae, 445, 39-44. DOI: 10.17660/ActaHortic.1997.445.5
28. Okay, A.N. 1999. Hazelnut Breeding Studies through Hybridization. Project Result Report. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, General Directorate of Agricultural Research, Hazelnut Research Institute, Giresun, P.35
29. Petriccione M., Loredana FC, Boccacci P, Luca AD, Piccirillo P (2010). Evaluation of ‘Tonda di Giffoni’ hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) clones. Scientia Horticulturae 124 153–158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2009.12.019
30. Pekdemir, E. (2019). Yield and quality characteristics of ‘Tombul’ hazelnut populations of Piraziz district (Giresun province), Master Thesis (Unpublished), Ordu University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Horticulture, P.57
31. Rovira M., Romero M., Clave J. (1997). Clonal selection of ‘Gironell’ and ‘Negret’ hazelnut cultivars. Acta Horticulturae, 445, 145-150. https://doi.org/10.17660/ ActaHortic.1997.445.19
32. Şahin, N. (2019). Clonal Selection of Sivri Hazelnut Cultivar in Giresun District, Master Thesis (Unpublished), Ordu University Institute of Natural and Applied Sciences, Horticulture , P.73
33. Thompson, M. (1977). Inheritance of nut traits in filbert (Corylus avellana L.). Euphytica 26, 465–474. DOI: 10.1007/BF00027009
34. Turan A & Beyhan N. (2009). Investigation of the pomological characteristics of selected 'Tombul' hazelnut clones in the Bulancak area of Giresun province. Acta Horticulturae, 845, 61-66. https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2009.845.4
35. Yao Q & Mehlenbacher S.A. (2000). Heritability, variance components and correlation of morphological and phonological traits in hazelnut. Plant Breed. 119, 369–381. DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0523.2000.00524.x