Effect of salt stress on germination and seedling growth in the different wheat (Triticum spp.) species

Öz

Salinity is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses limiting wheat productivity globally, particularly during early growth stages. In this study, six wheat species (Triticum dicoccoides, T. boeticum, T. dicoccum, T. aestivum, T. monococcum, and T. durum) were subjected to five different salt concentrations (0, 8, 16, 24, and 32 µS/cm NaCl) under controlled in vitro conditions at 24 ± 2 °C and 16/8 h photoperiod to assess their germination and seedling development responses. A completely randomized factorial design with four replications was employed. Germination percentage, root length, and shoot length were measured on 8th and 21st days, respectively. Increasing salinity significantly reduced all measured traits. Notably, T. dicoccum showed the highest salt tolerance with 72% germination, 14.4 cm root length, and 22.6 cm shoot length at 8 µS/cm, while T. monococcum was the most sensitive. These findings indicate that ancient wheat species, particularly T. dicoccum, possess valuable traits for developing salt-tolerant cultivars

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Salt stress
• germination
• seedling growth
• wheat genotypes
• abiotic stress
• tolerance

Farklı buğday (Triticum spp.) türlerinde tuz stresinin çimlenme ve fide gelişimi üzerine etkisi

Öz

Tuzluluk, özellikle erken büyüme evrelerinde, dünya çapında buğday üretimini sınırlayan en önemli abiyotik stres faktörlerinden biridir. Bu araştırmada, altı farklı buğday çeşidinin (Triticum dicoccoides, T. boeticum, T. dicoccum, T. aestivum, T. monococcum ve T. durum) beş farklı tuz konsantrasyonuna (0, 8, 16, 24 ve 32 µS/cm NaCl) karşı çimlenme ve fide gelişim tepkileri, 24 ± 2 °C sıcaklık ve 16/8 saat fotoperiyot koşullarında in vitro ortamda değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma, tesadüf parsellerinde faktöriyel deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüş; çimlenme oranı (%), kök uzunluğu (cm) ve sürgün uzunluğu (cm) verileri 8. ve 21. günlerde ölçülmüştür. Bulgular, artan tuz konsantrasyonunun tüm parametreleri önemli ölçüde azalttığını ortaya koymuştur. En yüksek tolerans 8 µS/cm’de %72 çimlenme, 14.4 cm kök uzunluğu ve 22.6 cm sürgün uzunluğu ile T. dicoccum’da gözlenmiş, T. monococcum ise en hassas tür olmuştur. Sonuç olarak, T. dicoccum’un tuz stresine karşı dayanıklı çeşitlerin geliştirilmesinde önemli bir genetik kaynak olduğu anlaşılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tuz stresi
• çimlenme
• fide gelişimi
• buğday genotipleri
• abiyotik stres
• tolerans

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