Using Possibilities of Pomegranate Juice By-Products in Animal Nutrition

Abstract

In recent years, pomegranate has an important potential in Turkey among fruits proccessed to juice. The use of pomegranate juice by-products (pomegranate pulp, pomegranate seed, pomegranate peel, etc.) in animal nutrition due to their polyphenolic components is important in view of economic. In Turkey, using possibilities of these by-products as antimicrobial and antioxidant feed additive in animal nutrition should be increased and widespread.

Keywords

• Pomegranate juice by-products, antimicrobial, antioxidant, animal nutrition

Nar Suyu Yan Ürünlerinin Hayvan Beslemede Kullanım Olanakları

Öz

Nar; Türkiye’de meyve suyuna işlenen meyveler arasında son yıllarda önemli bir potansiyele sahiptir. Nar suyu yan ürünlerin (nar posası, nar çekirdeği, nar kabuğu vb.) içerdikleri polifenolik bileşiklerden dolayı hayvan beslemede kullanımları, ekonomik açıdan önem arz etmektedir. Türkiye’de bu yan ürünlerin hayvan beslemede antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanım olanakları artırılmalı ve yaygınlaştırılmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Nar suyu yan ürünleri, antimikrobiyal, antioksidan, hayvan besleme

Kaynakça

1. Al-Zoreky, N. S. 2009. Antimicrobial Activity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fruit Peels. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 134(3), 244-248.
2. Basmacıoğlu Malayoğlu, H. 2007. Şarap ve Üzüm Suyu Üretimi Yan Ürünlerinin Hayvan Beslemede Değerlendirilmesi. IV. Ulusal Hayvan Besleme Kongresi, 24-28 Haziran 2007, Bursa, 423-428.
3. Botsoglou, N. A., P. Florou–Paneri, E. Christaki, D. J. Fletouris, and A. B. Spais, 2002a. Effect of Dietary Oregano Essential Oil on Performance of Chickens and on Iron-Induced Lipid Oxidation of Breast, Thigh and Abdominal Fat Tissues. British Poultry Science, 43, 223-230.
4. Botsoglou, N. A., E. Christaki, D. J. Fletouris, P. Florou– Paneri, and A. B. Spais, 2002b. The Effect of Dietary Oregano Oil on Lipid Oxidation in Raw and Cooked Chicken during Refrigerated Storage. Meat Science, 62, 259-265.
5. Botsoglou, N. A., S. H. Grigoropoulou, E. Botsoglou, A. Govaris, and G. Papageorgiou, 2003a. The Effect of Dietary Oregano Oil and Alpha-Tocopheryl Acetate on Lipid Oxidation in Raw and Cooked Turkey during Refrigerated Storage. Meat Science, 65, 1193-1200.
6. Botsoglou, N. A., A. Govaris, E. N. Botsoglou, S. H. Grigoropoulou, and G. Papageorgiou, 2003b. Antioxidant Activity of Dietary Oregano Essential Oil and α-Tocopheryl Acetate Supplementation in Long-Term Frozen Stored Turkey Meat. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 51(10), 2930-2936.
7. Gil, M. I., F. A. Tomas-Barberan, B. Hess-Pierce, D. M. Holcroft, and A. A. Kader, 2000. Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate Juice and Its Relationship with Phenolic Composition and Processing. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 48, 4581-4589.
8. Işık, E. A., K. Yazıcı, A. Şahin ve N. Kaya, 2011. Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de Nar Yetiştiriciliği. http://www.batem.gov.tr/ürünler/meyvelerimiz/nar/nar.htm

9. Khan, M., S. S. Khan, Z. Ahmed and A. Tanveer, 2009. Production of Fungal Single Cell Protein Using Rhizopus Oligosporus Grown on Fruit Wastes. Biological Forum-An International Journal, 1(2), 32-35.
10. Khaidarov, K., A. A. Mamazhanov, I. E. Kaimov and M. K. H. Kirakos’yants, 1991. Tannins from Pomegranate Rind Wastes. Uzb Khim Zh, 6, 73-74.
11. Kotamballi, N. C. M., K. J. Guddadarangavvahally and P. S. Ravendra, 2002. Studies on Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract Using In Vivo Models. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 50, 4791-4795.
12. Kulkarni, A. P. and S. M. Aradhya, 2005. Chemical Changes and Antioxidant Activity in Pomegranate Arils during Fruit Development. Food Chemistry, 93, 319-324.
13. Labib, F. and A. Hossin, 2009. Effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peels and It’s Extract on Obese Hypercholesterolemic Rats. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 8(8), 1251-1257
14. Li, Y., C. Guo, J. Yang, J. Wei, J. Xu and S. Cheng, 2006. Evaluation of Antioxidant Properties of Pomegranate Peel Extract in Comparison with Pomegranate Pulp Extract. Food Chemistry, 96(2), 254-260.
15. Meyed-Meyve Suyu Endüstrisi Derneği, 2005. www.meyed.org.tr
16. Modaressi, S. J., M. H. Fathi Nasri, O. Dayani and L. Rashidi, 2011. The Effect of Pomegranate Seed Pulp Feeding on DMI, Performance and Blood Metabolites of Southern Khorasan Crossbred Goats. Animal Science Research, 20-4(2), 123-132.
17. Murthy, K. N. C., G. K. Jayaprakasha and R. P. Singh, 2002. Studies on Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel Extract Using In Vivo Models. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 50(17), 4791-4795.
18. Nakamura, Y. and Y. Tonogai, 2002. Effect of Grape Seed Polyphenols on Serum and Hepatic Lipid Contents and Fecal Steroid Excretion in Normal and Hypercholesterolemic Rats. Journal of Health Science, 48 (6), 570-578.
19. Nasr, C. B., N. Ayed and M. Metche, 1996. Quantitative Determination of the Polyphenolic Content of Pomegranate Peel. Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und Forschung A, 203, 374-378.
20. Negi, P. S. and G. K. Jayaprakasha, 2003. Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Punica Granatum Peel Extracts. Journal of Food Science, 68, 1473-1477.
21. Oliveira, R. A., C. D. Narciso, R. S. Bisinotto, M. C. Perdomo, M. A. Ballou, M. Dreher and J. E. P. Santos, 2010. Effect of Feeding Polyphenols on Growth, Health, Nutrient Digestion and Immunocompetence of Calves. Journal of Dairy Science, 93, 4280-4291.
22. Panichayupakaranant, P., S. Tewtrakul and S. Yuenyongsawad, 2010. Antibacterial, AntiInflammatory and Anti-Allergic Activities of Standardised Pomegranate Rind Extract. Food Chemistry, 123, 400-403.
23. Prashanth, D., M. K.Asha and A. Amit, 2001. Antibacterial Activity of Punica Granatum. Fitoterapia, 72, 171-173.
24. Sarica, S., Ciftci A., Demir, E., Kilinc, K., Yildirim, Y. 2005. Use of Antibiotics Growth Promoter and Two Herbal Natural Feed Additives with and without Exogeneous Enzymes in Wheat Based Broiler Diets. South African Journal of Poultry Science, 3, 33-45.
25. Scalbert, A. 1991. Antimicrobial Properties of Tannins. Phytochemistry, 30, 3875-3878.
26. Shabtay, A., H. Eitam, Y. Tadmor, A. Orlov, A. Meir, P. Weinberg, Z. G .Weinberg, Y. Hen, A. Brosh, I. Izhaki and Z. Kerem, 2008. Nutritive and Antioxidative Potential of Fresh and Stored Pomegranate Industrial By-Product as a Novel Beef Cattle Feed. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 56(21), 10063-10070
27. Singh, R. P., M. K. N. Chidambara and G. K. Jayaprakasha, 2002. Studies on the Antioxidant Activity of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Peel and Seed Extracts Using In Vitro Models. Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry, 50, 81-86.
28. Singleton, V. L., 1981. Naturally Occuring Food Toxicants: Phenolic Substances of Plant Origin Common in Foods. Advance in Food Research, 27, 157-162.
29. Sweetie, R. K., C. Ramesh and S. Arun, 2010. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Pomegranate Peel Extract Improves the Shelf Life of Chicken Products. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 45, 216-222.
30. Vardin, H. ve M. Abbasoğlu, 2004. Nar Ekşisi ve Narın Diğer Değerlendirme Olanakları. Geleneksel Gıdalar Sempozyumu, 23-24 Eylül 2004, Van, 165-169.
31. Vasconcelos, L. C., F. C. Sampaio, M. Sampaio, C. Pereira, S. Mdo, J. S. Higino and M. H. Peixoto, 2006. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of Adherence of Punica Granatum L. (pomegranate) Gel against S. Mutants, S. Mitis and C. Albicans. Brazilian Dent Journal, 17, 223-227.
32. Zarei, M., M. Azizi and B. S. Zeinolabedin, 2011. Evaluation of Physicochemical Characteristics of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Fruit during Ripening. Fruits, 66, 121-129.