Examination of Urban-Rural Migration in Delta State, Nigeria: Implications for the Agricultural Extension Service

Öz

This study was conducted to examine urban-rural migration in Delta State, Nigeria and its implication for extension service. Data were collected from 180 respondents who were purposively selected. It was discovered that most of the migrants were males, mostly in the age range of 50 years and above; mostly married and had one form of formal education or the other; had average household size of 6 persons. Most of them have spent 6-10years in the rural area and their migration was mostly prompted by retirement. The selected socio economic variables of the migrants had significant relationship with the decisions of the migrants to engage in agricultural activities. Implications of the findings for extension service include identifying and training the migrants on the current skills and technologies of agriculture, taking advantages of their level of exposure and experiences in the urban areas to make them opinion leaders and identifying them a year before their retirement in order to provide them with training in the agricultural enterprise of their choice.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Urban-rural migration
• opinion leader
• agricultural extension service
• retirees
• agricultural development.

Kaynakça

1. Adewale, J.G (2005) Socio-economic factors associated with urban-rural migration in Nigeria: A case study of Oyo State, Nigeria. Journal of Human Ecology, 17(1): 13-16. Afolabi, M.O (2007) Rural-urban migration and produtiity in the Nigerian Agriculture sector. An unpublished MPP project work, Simon Fraser University, Burmaby, BC., Canada
2. Bovenkerk, F., (2004). The sociology of return migration: A bibliographic essay. Third Edition. Research Group for European Migration Problem, The Hague.
3. Ekong, E.E (2003). An introduction to rural sociology. Dove Education Publishers, Uyo, Nigria.
4. Fadayomi, T.O (1998). Rural development and migration in Nigeria: impact of the Eastern Zone of Bauchi State Agricultural Development Project. Institute of Social and Economic Research, Ibadan Nigeria.
5. Guatam, T.R (1999) Labour migration in India: A case of Kandebash VDDC, Bagling. A dissertation submitted to Technical University, Kirtipur.
6. Jibowo, A.A (1992) Essentials of Rural Sociology. Gbemi Sodipo Press Ltd, Abeokuta.
7. Majid, N. (2004). Reaching millennium goals: hoe well does agricultural productivity growth reduce poverty? ILO Employment Strategy Paper 12.
8. Mendola, M. (2008). Migration and technological change in rural households: Complements or substitutes? Journal of Development Economics, 85(1): 150-175.

9. Ofuoku,A.U. and Chukwuji, C.O. (2012). Impact of Rural-Urban Migration on Plantation Agriculture in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. Southern Rural Social Sciences, 27(1): 137–151.
10. Okpara, E.E (1983). The impact of migration on the quality of Nigeria rural life. Nigeria Agricultural Research Management and Training Institute Seminar series, 3:116-121.
11. Qin, H. (2010). Rural-urban labour migration household livelihoods and the rural environment in Chongqing Municipality, South West China. Human Ecology, 38: 675-690. Uzokwe U.N and Ofuoku, A.U (2006) Changes in gender division of agricultural tasks in Delta State, Nigeria and implication for agricultural extension services. Extension Farming Systems Journal, 2(1): 91-96.