Sera Koşullarında Sıcaklık, Karbon Dioksit ve Sulama Seviyelerine Mısırın Tepkisi

Öz

Mısır Türkiye’de kültürü yapılan en önemli bitkilerden biridir. Artan CO2 ve diğer koşulların interaksiyonu ile ilgili mısır üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda önemli bir artış bulunmaktadır, fakat artan CO2 artan sulama ve sıcaklığın mısır üzerine birlikte etkisi belirsiz kalmıştır. Bu çalışmada, farklı sıcaklık rejimleri (16/30 °C ve 22/36 °C gündüz/gece), CO2 koşulları (normal CO2 ve yüksek CO2) ve sulama uygulamasının (tam sulama ve azaltılmış sulama) mısırın erken gelişim parametreleri üzerine etkisi sera koşullarında saksı denemesi olarak yürütülmüştür. Bitki boyu (BB), klorofil içeriği (Kİ), yaprak alanı (YA), yaprak yaş ağırlık (YYA), yaprak kuru ağırlık (KA), nisbi nem içeriği (NNİ), paraquat hassasiyet indeksi (PHİ) ve nisbi hücre zararı (NHZ) incelenmiştir. Sonuçlar sıcaklığın mısırda gözlenen tüm özellikler üzerine doğrudan etkisi nedeniyle birincil önemli faktör olduğunu göstermiştir. Su stresi yüksek sıcaklık ile birlikte mısır üretimini sınırlayıcı bir faktör olarak kabul edilmiştir. Ayrıca, CO2 ve sulamanında sıcaklığa bağlı etkili bir faktör olduğu gözlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim değişikliği
• CO2
• mısır üretimi
• sıcaklık
• sulama.

Response of Maize to Temperature, Carbon Dioxide and Irrigation Levels under the Conditions of Greenhouse

Abstract

Maize is one of the major cultivated crops in Turkey. There has been a significant increase in studies of maize under interactive effects of elevated CO2 concentration and other factors, but the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and increasing irrigation and temperature on maize has remained unclear. In this study, the effects of different temperature regimes (16/30 °C and 22/36 °C day/night), CO2 (ambient CO2 and elevated CO2) conditions and irrigation treatments (full irrigated and reduced irrigated) on early growth characteristics of maize were studied as pot experiments under greenhouse conditions. The plant height (PH), chlorophyll content index (CCI), leaf area (LA), leaf fresh weight (FW), leaf dry weight (DW), relative water content (RWC), paraquat sensitivity index (PSI) and relative cell injury (RCI) were examined. Results suggested that the temperature was a primary important factor because of the direct influence on all observed characteristics in maize. Water stress-associated with high temperature was often considered to be a limiting factor in maize production. In addition, it was observed that CO2 and irrigation also influential climate factors depending on the temperature.

Keywords

• Climate change
• CO2
• maize production
• temperature
• irrigation.

Kaynakça

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