Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change among Farmers in Selected Communities of Ekiti State, Nigeria

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 31 Sayı: 3, 100 - 113, 08.12.2014

Adewale Fatuase Igbekele Ajibefun

Öz

This study discusses the findings of the research that was carried out in Ikogosi Warm Spring Communities of Ekiti State among predominantly smallholder arable crop farmers on their knowledge of climate change and adaptation strategies. The study discovered that almost all the farmers interviewed perceived changes in climate. The result of factors influencing farmers’ perception decisions using ordered logit regression analysis showed that gender, age and level of education were statistically significant in making decisions on the level of perception made by the farmers. Finally, multinomial logit regression model was employed to analyse the factors that are influencing farmers’ choice of adaptation on climate change and variability. The results indicate that gender, age, farming experience, land tenure, farm size, access to extension services, access to loan, engage in non-farming activities, temperature and rainfall were the main factors influencing farmers’ choice of adaptation to mitigate effect of climate change in the study area. It is therefore, concluded that government policies and investment strategies must focus on most of the factors highlighted above in order to rescue the poor crop farming households from the danger of climate change.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Farmers, perception, adaptation, climate change, multinomial logit

Kaynakça

• Benedicta, Y.F.; Paul, L.G.V. and Ahmad, M.M. (2010). Farmers’ Perception and adaptation to Climate Change: A Case Study of Sekyedumase District in Ghana. World Food System- A Contribution from Europe. Center for Development Research (ZEF),University of Bonn, Walter-Flex-Str. 3,53113, Bonn, Germany.
• Bryant, R.C.; Smit, B.; Brklacich, M.; Johnston, R.T.; Smithers, J.; Chiotto, Q. and Singh, B. (2000). Adaptation in Canadian agriculture to climatic variability and change. Climatic change 45:181-201.
• Bradshaw, B.; Dolan, H. and Smith, B. (2004). Farm-level adaptation to climatic variability and change: crop diversification in the Canadian Prairies. Climatic Change 67, 119 – 141.
• Buyinza, M. and Wambede, N. (2008). Extension of agroforestry technology adoption: mixed intercropping of crotalaria (Crotaloria grahamiana) and maize (Zea mays L.) in Kabale District, Uganda. Environmental Research Journal 2, 131 – 137.
• Deressa, T.T. (2008). Analysis of perception and adaptation to climate change in the Nile basin of Ethiopia. Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa (CEEPA), University of Pretoria.
• Deressa, T.T.; Hassan, R.M.; Ringler, C.; Alemu, T. and Yusuf, M. (2009). Determinants of farmers’ choice of adaptation methods to climate change in Nile Basin of Ethiopia. Global Environmental Change 19 (2009), 248-255.
• Deressa, T.T., Hassan, R.M., Ringler, C., 2011. Perception of and adaptation to climate change by farmers in the Nile basin of Ethiopia. The Journal of Agricultural Science 149, 23–31.
• Doss, C. and Morris, M. (2001). How does gender affect the adoption of agricultural innovations? The case of improved maize technology in Ghana. Agric. Econ. 25:27-39.
• Enete, A.A. and Amusa, T.A. (2010). Determinants of Women’s Contribution to Farming Decisions in Cocoa Based Agroforestry Households of Ekiti State, Nigeria. Field Action Science Reports. Vol. 4 (2010).
• Gbetibouo, G.A. (2009). Understanding Farmers’ Perceptions and Adaptations to Climate Change and Variability: The Case of the Limpopo Basin, South Africa. IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 00849. Cited 3 May, 2009.
• Greene, W.H. (2000). Econometric analysis, 4th ed. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall.
• Hassan, R. and Nhemachena, C. (2008). Determinants of climate adaptation strategies of African farmers: multinomial choice analysis. African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 2, 83 – 104.
• (IPCC) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2001). Climate change: The scientific basis. http://www.ipcc.ch/.
• (IPCC) Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (2007). Contribution of Working Group II to the Third Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Parry, Martin L.; Canziani, Osvaldo F.; Palutikof, Jean P.; van der Linden, Paul J. and Hanson,Clair E. (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom, 1000pp.
• Ishaya, S. and Abaje, I.B. (2008). Indigenous people’s perception of climate change and adaptation strategies in Jema’s local government area of Kaduna State, Nigeria. Journal of Geography and Regional Planning 1, 138 – 143.
• Jan, S. and Anja, B. (2007). Indigenous People and Climate Change. University of Oxford and Missouri Botanical Garden.
• Koch, S. (2007). Lecture notes presented to students in EKT 816 at the University of Pretoria in South Africa during the fall semester of 2006. University of Pretoria.
• Kurukulasuriya, P. and Mendelsohn, R. (2008). A Ricardian analysis of the impact of climate change on African cropland. African Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 2, 1 – 23.
• Maddison, D. (2006). The perception of and adaptation to climate change in Africa. CEEPA. Discussion Paper No. 10. Centre for Environmental Economics and Policy in Africa. Pretoria, South Africa: University of Pretoria.
• Mertz, O.; Mbow, C.; Reenberg, A. and Diouf, A. (2009). Farmers’ perceptions of climate change and agricultural adaptation strategies in rural Sahel. Environmental Management 43(5), 804-16.
• Mendelsohn, R.; Dinar, A. and Williams, L. (2005). The Distributional Impact of Climate Change on Rich and Poor Countries. Environment and development Economics 11, 159 – 178.
• Mutekwa, V.T. (2009). Climate Change Impacts and Adaptation in the Agricultural Sector: The Case of Smallholder Farmers in Zimbabwe. Journal of Sustainable Development in Africa (Volume 11, No. 2, 2009).
• Nhemachena, C. and Hassan, R. (2007). Micro-Level Analysis of Farmers’ Adaptation to Climate Change in Southern Africa. IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 00714. International Food Policy Research Institute. Washington DC.
• (NPC) National Population Commissions (2006). Nigeria: Report on the Survey of Demographic and Health Survey. Retrieved from http:www.nigeria/npc/ (verified 15 May, 2011).
• Odada, E.O.; Scholes, R.J.; Noone, K.; Mbow, C. and Ochola, W.O. (2008). A strategy for Global Environmental Change Research in Africa. Science Plan and Implementation Strategy. IGBP Secretariat, Stockholm.
• Okolo, D.A. (2004). Regional Study on Agricultural Support, Nigeria’s Case. Special Study Prepared for Food and Agricultural Organisation.
• Oluwatayo, I.B.; Sekumade, A.B. and Adesoji, S.A. (2008). Resource Use Efficiency of Maize Farmers in Rural Nigeria: Evidence from Ekiti State. Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences 4 (1): 91-99, 2008.
• Oluwatayo, I.B. (2009). Towards Assuring Households’ Food Security in Rural Nigeria: Have Cooperaatives Got any Place? Department of Agricultural Economics and Extension Services, University of Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria.
• Shiferaw, B. and Holden, S. (1998). Resource degradation and adoption of land conservation technologies in the Ethiopian Highlands: A case study in Andit Tid, North Shewa, Agricultural Economics, 18:233-247.
• Yirga, C.T. (2007). The dynamics of soil degradation and incentives for optimal management in Central Highlands of Ethiopia. PhD Thesis. Department of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Rural Development. University of Pretoria, South Africa.