Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve Uzaktan Algılama ile Yamaç Havzası’nın (Bingöl) Erozyon Duyarlılık Analizi

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 116 - 128, 01.07.2015
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag879

Öz

Bu çalışmada Bingöl’ün güneyinde yer alan Yamaç Havzası’nın erozyon duyarlılık analizinin yapılması amaçlanmıştır. Yamaç Havzası’nda litoloji volkanik ve alüvyal kayaçlardan oluşmaktadır. Havzanın güneyinden fayla kesilmesi yükselti farkını artırmıştır. Havzanın kuzeyi ile güneyi arasında yükselti farkı 1000 m’yi bulmaktadır. Yamaç Havzası’nda jeomorfolojik, iklim ve bitki örtüsü özellikleri nedeniyle erozyon şiddeti yüksektir.
Bu çalışmada eğim, bitki örtüsü, drenaj yoğunluğu ve toprak parlaklığı kullanılarak Yamaç Havzası’nda erozyon duyarlılığının oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Erozyona neden olan faktör haritalarının çakıştırılmasına dayanan istatistiksel yöntem kullanılarak oluşturulan duyarlılık haritasına göre havzanın % 47’sinde erozyon duyarlılığı yüksek, % 30’unda erozyon duyarlılığı ortadır. Erozyon şiddeti üzerinde eğim, bitki örtüsü ve drenaj yoğunluğunun etkisi belirgin olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Havzanın güneyindeki tarım alanlarını etkileyen erozyonu azaltmak amacıyla mikro havza çalışmalarının hızlandırılması gerekmektedir

Kaynakça

  • Akay AE ve Sessions J (2005). Applying the Decision Support System, TRACER, to Forest Road Design. Western Journal of Applied Forestry, 20 (3): 184-191.
  • Akay AE, Erdas O, Reis M ve Yuksel A (2008). Estimating sediment yield from a forest road network by using a sediment prediction model and GIS techniques. Building and Environment, 43 (5): 687-695.
  • Akgün A (2007). Ayvalık ve Yakın Çevresinin Erozyon ve Heyelan Duyarlılığının Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Tabanlı İncelenmesi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İzmir.
  • Beskow S, Mello CR, Norton LD, Curi N, Viola MR ve Avanzi JC (2009). Soil erosion prediction in the Grande River Basin, Brazil using distributed modeling. Catena 79 (1): 49–59.
  • Boardman J ve Poesen J (2006). Soil erosion in Europe: major processes, causes and consequences. In: Soil Erosion in Europe. Edited J . Boardman and J. Poesen. Pub. by ohn Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.
  • Butt MJ, Mahmood R ve Waqas A (2011). Sediments deposition due to soil erosion in the watershed region of Mangla Dam. Environ. Monit. Assess., 181: 419–429.
  • Conoscenti C, Di Maggio C ve Rotigliano E (2008). Soil erosion susceptibility assessment and validation using a geostatistical multivariate approach: a test in Southern Sicily. Natural Hazards, 46 (3): 287–305.
  • CORINE (1992). Soil Erosion Risk and Important Land Resources in the Southeastern Regions of the European Community. EUR 13233, Luxembourg, 32-48.
  • Crist EP ve Kauth RJ (1986). The Tasseled Cap Demystified. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 52(1): 81-86.
  • Cürebal İ ve Ekinci D (2006). Kızılkeçili Deresi Havzası’nda CBS tabanlı RUSLE (3d) yöntemi ile erozyon analizi. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 47: 115-131
  • ÇEDPGM (1996) Türkiye çevre atlası. http://www.cedgm.gov.tr/dosya/cevreatlasi/toprakvearazi. pdf (Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2015).
  • Desmet PJJ ve Govers G (1996). A GIS Procedure for automatically calculating the USLE LS Factor on topographically complex landscape units. Journal of soil and water conservation, 51: 427-433.
  • Ekinci D (2005). CBS Tabanlı Uyarlanmış Rusle Yöntemi İle Kozlu Deresi Havzası’nda Erozyon Analizi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Bölümü, Coğrafya Dergisi, 13: 109-119.
  • Eroğlu H, Çakır G, Sivrikaya F ve Akay AE (2009). Using high resolution images and elevation data in classifying erosion risks of bare soil areas in the Hatila Valley Natural Protected Area, Turkey. Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Access, 24: 699–704.
  • Foster GR, McCool, DK, Renard KG ve Moldenhauer WC, (1981). Conversion of the Universal Soil Loss Equation to SL Units. Journal of Soil and water conservation, 36(6): 355-359.
  • GDREC (2008). General Directorate of Reforestation and Erosion Control. ttp://www.agm.gov.tr (Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2015).
  • Günal H ve Erşahin S (2006). Toprak Özelliklerinin Tahmininde Sayısallaştırılmış Renk Parametrelerinin Kullanımı, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1): 85-92.
  • Ikbal M F ve Khan AI (2014). Spatiotemporal Land Use Land Cover change analysis and erosion risk mapping of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan, The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, 17: 209–229.
  • IIRS (INDIAN INSTITUTE of REMOTE SENSING) (2005). RS and GIS Applications in Water Resources, Lectures Notes, Dehradun, India.
  • Jinren RN ve Yingkui KL (2003). Approach to soil erosion assessment in terms of land-use structure changes. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 58 (3): 158-169. Lal R. (1994). Soil Erosion Research Method; Second Edition. Soil and Water Conservation Society: Ankeny, IA, USA, 352.
  • Lee S (2004). Soil erosion assessment and its verification using the universal soil loss equation and geographic ınformation system: a case study at Boun. Korea. Environmental Geology, 45(4): 457–465.
  • Moore ID ve Wilson JP (1992). Length-slope factors for the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Simplified method of estimation. Journal of Soil and water conservation, 47: 423-428.
  • Nigel R ve Rughooputh S (2010). Soil erosion risk mapping with new datasets: an improved identification and prioritization of high erosion risk areas. Catena, 82: 191–205.
  • Özdemir H (2007). Havran Çayı Havzasının (Balıkesir) CBS ve Uzaktan Algılama Yöntemleriyle Taşkın ve Heyelan Risk Analizi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Rouse JW, Haas RH, Schell JA ve Deerıng DW (1973). Monitoring vegetation systems in the great plains with ERTS. Proceedings of the 3rd ERTS Symposium NASA SP-351, 1: 48-62.
  • Sanchez-Maran˜on M, Soriano M, Melgosa M, Delgado G ve Delgado R (2004). Quantifying the effects of aggregation, particle size and components on the colour of Mediterranean soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 51: 551-565.
  • Selby MJ (1982). Rock mass strength and the form inselberg in the Central Namib Desert. Earth Surface Proccesses and Landforms, 7: 489–497.
  • Sümengen M (2011). 1/100000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları, Elazığ K44 Paftası, MTA Genel Müdürlüğü Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.
  • Tian YC, Zhou YM, Wu BF ve Zhou WF, (2008). Risk assessment of water soil erosion in upper basin of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China. Environ. Geol., 57 (4): 937–942.
  • Torrent J ve Barron V (1993). Laboratory measurement of soil color: theory and practice. In: Soil Color. Edited J.M Bigham and E.J. Ciolkosz. Pub. by Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wı, USA, 21-34.
  • Yıldırım Ü (2011). Assessment of Soil Erosion at the Değirmen Creek Watershed Area, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, International Symposium on Environmental Protection and Planning: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) Applications (ISEPP).
  • Yüksel A, Gündoğan R ve Akay AE (2008). Using the Remote Sensing and GIS Technology for Erosion Risk Mapping of Kartalkaya Dam Watershed in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Sensors, 8: 4851-4865.
  • Zachar D (1982). Soil Erosion, Elsevier Scientifıc Publishing Company, USA.
  • Zhou WF, Wu BF ve Li QZ (2005). Spatial and temporary change analysis of soil erosion intensity in recent 20 years in the upper basin of Guanting reservoir (in Chinese, with English abstract). Res. Soil Water Conserv.ation, 12 (6): 183–186.

Erosion Sensitivity Analysis of Yamac Watershed (Bingöl) Using Geographical Information System And Remote Sensing

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 116 - 128, 01.07.2015
https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag879

Öz

The study was conduct to generate erosion sensitivity analysis of Yamac Watershed located in the south of Bingol city, Turkey. Lithology of the watershed is formed by extrusive and alluvial rocks. Cutting faults in the south of the watershed has increased elevation difference which can reach up to 1000 m between south and north. Erosion severity of the watershed is very high due to its geomorphological, climatic and vegetative properties.
The aim of this study was create erosion sensitivity in Yamac watershed using slope degree, vegetation cover, drainage density and soil brightness. According the sensitivity map created by statistical methods derived superpositioning factor maps, %47 of watershed area was categorized as high while %30 was medium. Especially slope degrees, drainage density and vegetation are the major inducements for the severe erosion in the watershed. The erosion become dangerous for cultivated areas in the south of the watershed. Thus, to reduce erosion micro watershed practices should be accelerated.

Kaynakça

  • Akay AE ve Sessions J (2005). Applying the Decision Support System, TRACER, to Forest Road Design. Western Journal of Applied Forestry, 20 (3): 184-191.
  • Akay AE, Erdas O, Reis M ve Yuksel A (2008). Estimating sediment yield from a forest road network by using a sediment prediction model and GIS techniques. Building and Environment, 43 (5): 687-695.
  • Akgün A (2007). Ayvalık ve Yakın Çevresinin Erozyon ve Heyelan Duyarlılığının Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Tabanlı İncelenmesi, Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi, İzmir.
  • Beskow S, Mello CR, Norton LD, Curi N, Viola MR ve Avanzi JC (2009). Soil erosion prediction in the Grande River Basin, Brazil using distributed modeling. Catena 79 (1): 49–59.
  • Boardman J ve Poesen J (2006). Soil erosion in Europe: major processes, causes and consequences. In: Soil Erosion in Europe. Edited J . Boardman and J. Poesen. Pub. by ohn Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.
  • Butt MJ, Mahmood R ve Waqas A (2011). Sediments deposition due to soil erosion in the watershed region of Mangla Dam. Environ. Monit. Assess., 181: 419–429.
  • Conoscenti C, Di Maggio C ve Rotigliano E (2008). Soil erosion susceptibility assessment and validation using a geostatistical multivariate approach: a test in Southern Sicily. Natural Hazards, 46 (3): 287–305.
  • CORINE (1992). Soil Erosion Risk and Important Land Resources in the Southeastern Regions of the European Community. EUR 13233, Luxembourg, 32-48.
  • Crist EP ve Kauth RJ (1986). The Tasseled Cap Demystified. Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, 52(1): 81-86.
  • Cürebal İ ve Ekinci D (2006). Kızılkeçili Deresi Havzası’nda CBS tabanlı RUSLE (3d) yöntemi ile erozyon analizi. Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 47: 115-131
  • ÇEDPGM (1996) Türkiye çevre atlası. http://www.cedgm.gov.tr/dosya/cevreatlasi/toprakvearazi. pdf (Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2015).
  • Desmet PJJ ve Govers G (1996). A GIS Procedure for automatically calculating the USLE LS Factor on topographically complex landscape units. Journal of soil and water conservation, 51: 427-433.
  • Ekinci D (2005). CBS Tabanlı Uyarlanmış Rusle Yöntemi İle Kozlu Deresi Havzası’nda Erozyon Analizi, İstanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Coğrafya Bölümü, Coğrafya Dergisi, 13: 109-119.
  • Eroğlu H, Çakır G, Sivrikaya F ve Akay AE (2009). Using high resolution images and elevation data in classifying erosion risks of bare soil areas in the Hatila Valley Natural Protected Area, Turkey. Stoch. Environ. Res. Risk Access, 24: 699–704.
  • Foster GR, McCool, DK, Renard KG ve Moldenhauer WC, (1981). Conversion of the Universal Soil Loss Equation to SL Units. Journal of Soil and water conservation, 36(6): 355-359.
  • GDREC (2008). General Directorate of Reforestation and Erosion Control. ttp://www.agm.gov.tr (Erişim tarihi: 18.04.2015).
  • Günal H ve Erşahin S (2006). Toprak Özelliklerinin Tahmininde Sayısallaştırılmış Renk Parametrelerinin Kullanımı, Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 12(1): 85-92.
  • Ikbal M F ve Khan AI (2014). Spatiotemporal Land Use Land Cover change analysis and erosion risk mapping of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan, The Egyptian Journal of Remote Sensing and Space Sciences, 17: 209–229.
  • IIRS (INDIAN INSTITUTE of REMOTE SENSING) (2005). RS and GIS Applications in Water Resources, Lectures Notes, Dehradun, India.
  • Jinren RN ve Yingkui KL (2003). Approach to soil erosion assessment in terms of land-use structure changes. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 58 (3): 158-169. Lal R. (1994). Soil Erosion Research Method; Second Edition. Soil and Water Conservation Society: Ankeny, IA, USA, 352.
  • Lee S (2004). Soil erosion assessment and its verification using the universal soil loss equation and geographic ınformation system: a case study at Boun. Korea. Environmental Geology, 45(4): 457–465.
  • Moore ID ve Wilson JP (1992). Length-slope factors for the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation Simplified method of estimation. Journal of Soil and water conservation, 47: 423-428.
  • Nigel R ve Rughooputh S (2010). Soil erosion risk mapping with new datasets: an improved identification and prioritization of high erosion risk areas. Catena, 82: 191–205.
  • Özdemir H (2007). Havran Çayı Havzasının (Balıkesir) CBS ve Uzaktan Algılama Yöntemleriyle Taşkın ve Heyelan Risk Analizi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Basılmamış Doktora Tezi, İstanbul.
  • Rouse JW, Haas RH, Schell JA ve Deerıng DW (1973). Monitoring vegetation systems in the great plains with ERTS. Proceedings of the 3rd ERTS Symposium NASA SP-351, 1: 48-62.
  • Sanchez-Maran˜on M, Soriano M, Melgosa M, Delgado G ve Delgado R (2004). Quantifying the effects of aggregation, particle size and components on the colour of Mediterranean soils. European Journal of Soil Science, 51: 551-565.
  • Selby MJ (1982). Rock mass strength and the form inselberg in the Central Namib Desert. Earth Surface Proccesses and Landforms, 7: 489–497.
  • Sümengen M (2011). 1/100000 Ölçekli Türkiye Jeoloji Haritaları, Elazığ K44 Paftası, MTA Genel Müdürlüğü Jeoloji Etütleri Dairesi, Ankara.
  • Tian YC, Zhou YM, Wu BF ve Zhou WF, (2008). Risk assessment of water soil erosion in upper basin of Miyun Reservoir, Beijing, China. Environ. Geol., 57 (4): 937–942.
  • Torrent J ve Barron V (1993). Laboratory measurement of soil color: theory and practice. In: Soil Color. Edited J.M Bigham and E.J. Ciolkosz. Pub. by Soil Science Society of America, Madison, Wı, USA, 21-34.
  • Yıldırım Ü (2011). Assessment of Soil Erosion at the Değirmen Creek Watershed Area, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey, International Symposium on Environmental Protection and Planning: Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing (RS) Applications (ISEPP).
  • Yüksel A, Gündoğan R ve Akay AE (2008). Using the Remote Sensing and GIS Technology for Erosion Risk Mapping of Kartalkaya Dam Watershed in Kahramanmaraş, Turkey. Sensors, 8: 4851-4865.
  • Zachar D (1982). Soil Erosion, Elsevier Scientifıc Publishing Company, USA.
  • Zhou WF, Wu BF ve Li QZ (2005). Spatial and temporary change analysis of soil erosion intensity in recent 20 years in the upper basin of Guanting reservoir (in Chinese, with English abstract). Res. Soil Water Conserv.ation, 12 (6): 183–186.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Alaaddin Yüksel Bu kişi benim

Vedat Avcı Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Temmuz 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2015 Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Yüksel, A., & Avcı, V. (2015). Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri ve Uzaktan Algılama ile Yamaç Havzası’nın (Bingöl) Erozyon Duyarlılık Analizi. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpaşa University (JAFAG), 32(2), 116-128. https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag879