The Effect of Different Pretreatment Applications on Biogas Production from Plant and Animal Wastes

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 38 Sayı: 3, 151 - 156, 31.12.2021

Esin Hande Bayrak Işık

https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag4783

Öz

In the study, horse manure, apple pulp, and sugar beet pulp were used as raw materials to produce biogas. Biogas production efficiency was examined under anaerobic conditions by applying pretreatments to mixtures obtained from raw materials. In the first phase of the experiments, the optimum mixing ratio was determined in the mixtures prepared at various ratios, and the reactor with the highest biogas production was identified as the optimum reactor. The mixing ratio of this reactor by mass was determined as 2:1:3 for horse manure, apple pulp and sugar beet pulp, respectively, and biogas production was found to be 189.7 ml/g TS. In the second phase, the reactor determined as optimum was administered thermal, alkali, and acid pretreatments, respectively, and biogas production efficiencies were examined. As a result of the thermal pretreatments, the highest biogas production efficiency was found as 329.4 ml/g TS in the reactor which was pretreated at 150°C for 60 minutes. As a result of alkaline pretreatments, the highest biogas production efficiency was determined as 300.9 ml/g TS in the pretreatment reactor which was added NaOH as much as 20% of the solid matter. As a result of acid pretreatments, the highest biogas production efficiency was determined as 310.4 ml/g TS in the pretreatment reactor which was added HNO3 as much as 20% of the solid matter.
In conclusion, it was determined that there was an increase in biogas production efficiency in all reactors as a result of thermal, alkali, and acid pretreatments administered to the optimum mass mixing ratio of horse manure, apple pulp, and sugar beet pulp. Also, the pretreatment that increased the biogas production efficiency the most was the thermal pretreatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Horse manure, Biogas, Apple pulp, Pretreatment, Sugar beet pulp

Farklı Önişlem Uygulamalarının Bitkisel ve Hayvansal Atıklardan Biyogaz Üretimine Etkisi

Öz

Bu çalışmada; biyogaz üretimi için hammadde olarak at gübresi, elma posası ve şeker pancarı küspesi kullanılmıştır. Hammaddelerden elde edilen karışımlara önişlemlerin uygulanmasıyla, anaerobik koşullarda biyogaz üretim verimi incelenmiştir. Deneylerin ilk aşamasında farklı oranlarda hazırlanan karışımlar içerisinde, optimum karışım oranı belirlenmiş ve en yüksek biyogaz üretiminin olduğu reaktör optimum reaktör olarak saptanmıştır. Bu reaktörün kütlece karışım oranı sırasıyla at gübresi, elma posası ve şeker pancar küspesi için 2:1:3 olarak belirlenmiş ve biyogaz üretimi 189.7 ml/g KM olarak bulunmuştur. İkinci aşamada ise belirlenen optimum reaktöre sırasıyla termal, alkali ve asit önişlemler uygulanıp biyogaz üretim verimleri incelenmiştir. Termal önişlemler sonucunda en yüksek biyogaz üretim verimi, 150 °C'de 60 dakika önişlem uygulanan reaktörde 329,4 ml/g KM değerinde bulunmuştur. Alkali önişlemler sonucunda en yüksek biyogaz üretim verimi, katı maddenin %20’si kadar NaOH ilavesi ile yapılan önişlem reaktöründe 300,9 ml/g KM değerinde saptanmıştır. Asit önişlemler sonucunda ise en yüksek biyogaz üretim verimi, katı maddenin %20’si kadar HNO3 ilavesi ile yapılan önişlem reaktöründe 310,4 ml/g KM değerinde belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç olarak at gübresi, elma posası ve şeker pancarı küspesinin, optimum kütlece karışım oranına uygulanan termal, alkali ve asit önişlemleri sonucunda, bütün reaktörlerde biyogaz üretim veriminde artış olduğu görülmüştür. Biyogaz üretim verimini en fazla artıran önişlemin ise termal önişlem olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

At gübresi, Biyogaz, Elma posası, Önişlem, Şeker pancarı küspesi

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