Genetic Study of Milk Production and Reproduction Traits of Local Born Simmental Cattle in Turkey

Yıl 2009, Cilt: 2009 Sayı: 1, - , 01.06.2009

Zafer Ulutaş M. Sezer

Öz

Data from 232 Simmental cows calved between 1990 to 2000 obtained from Kazova state farm were used to estimate phenotypic and genetic parameters for milk (305-day milk yield, lactation length, dry period) and reproduction traits (service period and calving interval). Estimates of variance components and parameters of milk and reproduction traits were obtained by restricted maximum likelihood analyses fitting an animal model. Heritability estimates were 0.15, 0.04, 0.04, 0.07 and 0.02 for 305-day milk yield, LL, DP, SP and CI, respectively. Genetic correlations between 305-day MY and each of SP and DP were negative, whereas the correlation between 305-day MY and each of LL and CI are positive. Phenotypic correlation between 305-day MY and each of LL, SP and CI were positive except DP. Results indicate that the heritability of fertility traits in dairy cattle is lower than the other economically important milk traits. The low heritability of fertility traits indicates that the influence of herd management and other environmental effects are greater than the genetic background. The heritabilities and genetic correlations estimated in this study also indicate that selection to improve some of the traits will be possible, but response to selection will be slow.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dairy Cattle, Milk Production, Fertility Traits, Genetic Parameters

Yerli Simmental Sığırlarının Süt ve Döl Verim Özelliklerine ait Genetik Çalışmalar

Öz

Bu çalışma Kazova Devlet Üretme Çiftliğinde yetiştiriciliği yapılan 232 Simmental ineğinin süt (305-gün süt verimi, laktasyon uzunluğu, kuruda kalma süresi) ve döl (servis periyodu ve buzağılama aralığı) verim özelliklerine ait fenotipik ve genetik parametreleri hesaplamak için yapılmıştır. Süt ve döl verim özelliklerine ait varyans bileşenleri ve parametreler bireysel hayvan modeli esas alınarak REML yöntemiyle tahminlenmiştir. 305-gün süt verimi, laktasyon uzunluğu, kuruda kalma süresi, servis periyodu ve buzağılama aralığına ait kalıtım derecesi sırası ile 0.15, 0.04, 0.04, 0.07 ve 0.02 hesaplanmıştır. 305-gün süt veriminin servis periyodu ve kuruda kalma süresi arasındaki genetik korelasyon negatif, laktasyon uzunluğu ve buzağılama aralığı ile pozitif olarak bulunmuştur. 305-gün süt veriminin laktasyon uzunluğu, servis periyodu ve buzağılama aralığı arasındaki fenotipik korelasyon pozitif kuruda kalma süresi ile negatif bulunmuştur. Sonuçlardan döl verim özelliklerine ait kalıtım derecesinin ekonomik olarak önemli süt verim özelliklerinden düşük olduğu görülmektedir. Döl verim özelliklerine ait kalıtım derecesinin düşük olması sürü idaresi ve diğer çevresel faktörlerin etkisinin genetik faktörlerden daha fazla olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada elde edilen kalıtım derecesi ve genetik korelasyonların bazı karakterlerin geliştirilebileceğine ancak genetik ilerlemenin yavaş olacağına işaret etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Süt sığırı, süt verimi, döl verim karakterleri, genetik parametreler

Kaynakça

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