Bursa İli Karacabey İlçesinde Silaj Dğerlendirilme Olanakları

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 41 Sayı: 2, 49 - 57, 31.08.2024

Taşkın Değirmencioğlu

https://doi.org/10.55507/gopzfd.1289692

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Bursa’nın Karacabey ilçesinde anket çalışması düzenlenerek, silaj tipleri, silaj kullanımı, silajın süt ineklerine yemleme yöntemi ve çözüm yolları konusunda bilgi verilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Büyük, orta ve küçük ölçekli işletme olmak üzere toplam 60 süt ineği yetiştiricisine anket uygulanmıştır.
Sonuç, “ne tip silo kullanıyorsunuz?” sorusuna hayvan yetiştiricilerin %82’si yığın tipi silaj kullandıklarını beyan ederken, %10’u bank tipi silaj ve %8’i de balya tipi silaj kullandıklarını beyan etmişlerdir. “Yetiştiricilere silaj katkı maddesi olarak ne kullanıyorsunuz?” sorusuna, yetiştiricilerin %70’i katkı maddesi kullanmadıklarını ifade ederken, %20’si silaj yapımında bakteriyel inokulant artı enzim kullandıklarını %5’i maya ve geri kalanı ise enzim kullandıklarını bildirmişlerdir. Yetiştiricilere silajın süt ineklerine veriliş şekli sorulduğunda %73’ü ineklerine silajı kaba ve yoğun yemle karışık olarak verdiklerini, %25’i ineklerine silajı kuru kaba yemle karıştırarak verdiklerini %2’si ise silajı ineklerine tek başına verdiklerini bildirmişlerdir. Yetiştiricilerin büyük bir kısmı silaj yapımında mısıra bağımlı oldukları ve yığın tipi silajı tercih ettikleri görülmektedir. Diğer yandan küçük ölçekli hayvancılık işletmelerin silaj üretimi ve hayvan besleme ile ilgili temel bilgilerin yetersiz olduğu tespit edilmiştir.
Bu kapsamda, küçük ölçekli işletmelere silaj yapımı ve hayvan beslemeye yönelik deneyim ve bilgilerini artıracak tarımsal eğitim faaliyetlerin düzenlenmesi, silaj yem kaynağı olarak (gıda posası artıkları ve sıcağa dayanıklı) diğer yem bitkilerine yönelmeleri, kooperatif aracılığıyla büyük ölçekli silo yapılarak günlük silaj almaları önerilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anket çalışması, Karacabey, silaj, süt işletmesi

Possibilities of Evaluation of Silage in Karacabey District, Bursa City

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to provide information about silage types, silage usage, feeding method of silage to dairy cows and solutions by organizing a survey in Karacabey district of Bursa city. A survey was applied to a total of 60 daiy cow breeders, including large, medium, and small-scale enterprises.
When asked “which type of silo do you use?”, 82% of the animal enterprises declared that they use bulk-type silage, while 10% declared that they use bank-type silage and 8% declared that they use bale-type silage. When the the animal enterprises were asked what they use as a silage additive, 70% of the breeders stated that they did not use additives in silage making, while 20% stated that they used bacterial inoculants plus enzymes in silage making, and %5 stated that they used yeast and the rest stated that they used enzymes. When the breeders were asked about the method of feeding the silage to dairy cows, 73.0% reported that they gave silage to their cows mixed with roughage and concentrate feed, 25.0% reported that they gave silage to their cows mixed silage with dry roughage and 2.0% reported that they gave only silage to their cows. As a result, it is seen that most of the breeders are dependent on maize for silage production and prefer the bulk-type silage. On the other hand, it has been determined that basic information about silage production and animal nutrition of small-scale livestock enterprises is insufficient.
In this context, it can be recommented the small-scale enterprises to participate in training of organization which will increase their knowledges on subjects such as silage making and animal feeding. It may be suggested that they use other forage crops (food pulp residues and heat-resistant fodder crops) as a source of silage, and can also be fed the their animals daily by using a large bank type silage collectively.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Survey, silage, Karacabey, dairy cow breeders

Kaynakça

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