Araştırma Makalesi
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Acoustics and Speech Privacy in Open-Plan Offices: A Case Study on Computer-Based Task Performance

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 23, 15.01.2018

Öz

The aim of this study is to find out the effects of speech and speech intelligibility on computer-based task performance in open-plan offices. The research was conducted in a real open-plan office environment to include the open-office experience of subjects to the analysis. STM Bilkent Office was selected as the case, and 40 available open-office occupants were participated to the study. The experiment consists of two main phases. In the first phase, acoustical simulation of the site was done, to derive distribution graphs for speech related room acoustics parameters. In the second phase, occupants’ computerbased task performances were tested under three different sound environments, which are continuous noise, speech and masked speech. According to statistical analysis of the performance test, and the acoustical properties of the case STM, suggestions for renovation were discussed. It was found that effects of intelligible speech on occupants’ task performance are only psychological, because it is significant that there is no difference between results of performance test. However, all of the occupants respond to the questionnaires that speech sound environment was the most distracting one. Proposal for renovation was given to minimize the effects of intelligible speech on occupants for preventing the long-term effects on occupants’ health. 

Kaynakça

  • Banburi, S., & Berry, D. C. (1998). Disruption of Office-Related Tasks by Speech and Office Noise. British Journal of Psychology, 499-517.
  • Barron, M. (1993). Auditorium Acoustics and Architectural Design. London: E&FN Spon.
  • Brennan, A., Chugh, J., & Kline, T. (2002). Traditional Versus Open Office Design: A Longitudinal Field Study. Environment and Behavior, 279-299.
  • Brüel & Kjaer. (2007). Product Data: ODEON Room Acoustics Modeling Software-Types 7835, 7836 and 7837. Naerum: B&K.
  • Desarnaulds, V. (2007). Acoustics of a Very Large Open-plan Learning Center at the Swiss Institute of Technology in Lausanne. Internoise. Istanbul.
  • Egan, M. (1988). Architectural Acoustics. New York: McGraw - Hill.
  • Hongisto, V. (2005). A Model Predicting the Effect of Speech of Varying Intelligibility on Work Performance. Indoor Air (pp. 458-468). Beijing: Tsinghua University Press.
  • Jones, D. M., C., M., & J., P. (1990). Disruption of Proofreading by Irrelevant Speech: Effects of Attention, Arousal or Memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 89-108.
  • Loewen, L. J. (1992). Cognitive and Arousal Effects of Masking Office Noise. Environment and Behavior, 381-395.
  • Salamé, P. (1982). Disruption of Short-term Memory by Unattended Speech: Implications for the Structure of Working Memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 150-164.
  • Salter, C., Powell, K., Begault, D., & Alvarado, R. (2003). Case Studies of a Method for Predicting Speech Privacy in the Contemporary Workplace. Center for Built Environment.
  • Venetjoki, N., Kaarlela-Tuomaala, A., Keskinen, E., & Hongisto, V. (2006). The Effect of Speech and Speech Intelligibility on Task Performance. Ergonomics, 1068-1091.
  • Wang, J., & Bradley, J. (2002a). Prediction of the Speech Intelligibility Index Behind a Single Screen in an Open-plan Office. Applied Acoustics, 867-883.
  • Wang, J., & Bradley, J. (2002b). Sound Propagation Between Two Adjacent Rectangular Workstations in an Open-plan Office—Part I: Mathematical Modeling. Applied Acoustics, 1335-1352.

Açık Planlı Ofislerde Akustik ve Konuşma Gizliliği: Bilgisayar Tabanlı Görev Performansı Üzerine Bir Vaka Analizi

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1, 1 - 23, 15.01.2018

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, anlaşılabilir konuşmanın açık ofis çalışanlarının bilgisayar tabanlı iş verimi üzerindeki etkilerini incelemektir. Araştırma, çalışanların açık ofise alışkanlık etkisinide göz önüne almak amacı ile gerçek bir ofis ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. STM Bilkent ofisinde gerçekleştirilen çalışmaya, bu ofisi kullanan 40 kişilik bir grup katılmıştır. Araştırma iki ana aşamadan oluşmaktadır. İlk aşamada STM Bilkent binasından seçilen açık ofis alanının yerinde akustik ölçmleri, bölücü panoların ofis alanının akustik özellikleri üzerindeki etkisini anlamak ve akustik benzetimin güvenilirliğini sağlamak amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. İkinci aşamada katılımcılara konuşma, maskelenmiş konuşma ve sabit gürültü olmak üzere üç farklı ses ortamı altında bilgisayar tabanlı çalışma verimi testi uygulanmıştır. Test sonuçlarının istatistiksel çözümlemesi ve akustik ölçümlerden alınan sonuçların ışığı altında, STM açık ofis alanı için çözüm önerileri sunulmuştur. Verim testinin sonuçlarına gore, konuşmanın açık ofis çalışanları üzerindeki etkisi sadece psikolojiktir. Fakat, test sonrasında verilen anketlere gore, katılımcılar en çok rahatsız oldukları ses ortamını konuşma olarak belirtmişlerdir. İç mekandaki değişiklik önerileri, stresin çalışanlar üzerinde yaratabileceği uzun vadeli etkileri düşünülerek sunulmuştur. 

Kaynakça

  • Banburi, S., & Berry, D. C. (1998). Disruption of Office-Related Tasks by Speech and Office Noise. British Journal of Psychology, 499-517.
  • Barron, M. (1993). Auditorium Acoustics and Architectural Design. London: E&FN Spon.
  • Brennan, A., Chugh, J., & Kline, T. (2002). Traditional Versus Open Office Design: A Longitudinal Field Study. Environment and Behavior, 279-299.
  • Brüel & Kjaer. (2007). Product Data: ODEON Room Acoustics Modeling Software-Types 7835, 7836 and 7837. Naerum: B&K.
  • Desarnaulds, V. (2007). Acoustics of a Very Large Open-plan Learning Center at the Swiss Institute of Technology in Lausanne. Internoise. Istanbul.
  • Egan, M. (1988). Architectural Acoustics. New York: McGraw - Hill.
  • Hongisto, V. (2005). A Model Predicting the Effect of Speech of Varying Intelligibility on Work Performance. Indoor Air (pp. 458-468). Beijing: Tsinghua University Press.
  • Jones, D. M., C., M., & J., P. (1990). Disruption of Proofreading by Irrelevant Speech: Effects of Attention, Arousal or Memory. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 89-108.
  • Loewen, L. J. (1992). Cognitive and Arousal Effects of Masking Office Noise. Environment and Behavior, 381-395.
  • Salamé, P. (1982). Disruption of Short-term Memory by Unattended Speech: Implications for the Structure of Working Memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 150-164.
  • Salter, C., Powell, K., Begault, D., & Alvarado, R. (2003). Case Studies of a Method for Predicting Speech Privacy in the Contemporary Workplace. Center for Built Environment.
  • Venetjoki, N., Kaarlela-Tuomaala, A., Keskinen, E., & Hongisto, V. (2006). The Effect of Speech and Speech Intelligibility on Task Performance. Ergonomics, 1068-1091.
  • Wang, J., & Bradley, J. (2002a). Prediction of the Speech Intelligibility Index Behind a Single Screen in an Open-plan Office. Applied Acoustics, 867-883.
  • Wang, J., & Bradley, J. (2002b). Sound Propagation Between Two Adjacent Rectangular Workstations in an Open-plan Office—Part I: Mathematical Modeling. Applied Acoustics, 1335-1352.
Toplam 14 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Konular Mimarlık
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Kıvanç Kitapçı

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Ocak 2018
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Kasım 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2018 Cilt: 1 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Kitapçı, K. (2018). Acoustics and Speech Privacy in Open-Plan Offices: A Case Study on Computer-Based Task Performance. GRID - Architecture Planning and Design Journal, 1(1), 1-23.