Uluslararası Hukukta Self-Determinasyona Yardım Gerekçesiyle Yapılan Tek Taraflı Askeri Müdahalelerin Kabul Edilebilirliği: Devlet Uygulamaları ve Birleşmiş Milletler’in Tepkileri

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 105 - 126, 01.06.2015

Müge Kınacıoğlu

Öz

Bu makale, uluslararası hukukta ve politikada yüceltilen self-determinasyon hakkı ile uluslararası hukukun kuvvet kullanma yasağı ve iç işlerine karışmama ilkelerinin problemli çatışmasını inceleyip, analiz etmektedir. Makale, özellikle halkların dış self-determinasyon hakkı için mücadelesine yardım etme gerekçesiyle kuvvet kullanımını meşrulaştırma sorunsalını ele almakta, ve askeri müdahale için hukuki zemin olarak gösterildiği üç Soğuk Savaş dönemi vakasını ve bunlara Birleşmiş Milletlerin (BM) tepkilerini inceleyerek, dış self-determinasyonu desteklemek için yapılan tek taraflı askeri müdahalelerin kabul edilebilirliğini, analiz etmektedir. Bu makalenin temel argümanı, self-determinasyon hakkına verilen tartışmasız öneme rağmen, BMin bu gerekçeyle yapılmış askeri müdahalelere tepkilerinin, devletlere bu gerekçeyle tek taraflı askeri müdahalede bulunma ve diğer bir devletin iç işlerine karışma hakkı tanımadığını ortaya koyduğudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kuvvet kullanımı, tek taraflı askeri müdahale, self-determinasyon, devlet uygulamaları, Birleşmiş Milletler

Permissibility of Unilateral Military Interventions to Assist Self-Determination in International Law: State Practice and United Nations’ Responses

Öz

Permissibility of Unilateral Military Interventions to Assist Self-Determination in International Law: State Practice and United Nations’ ResponsesT his article aims to examine and analyze the problematic clash of the most promoted right of selfdetermination with the most enshrined norms of non-use of force and non-intervention in domestic affairs in international law. It specifically addresses the question of justification of the use of force on the basis of assistance to peoples in their struggle for ‘external’ self-determination, and examine the permissibility of the state justifications for military intervention in support of external self-determination, by analyzing three Cold War cases where it was specifically invoked as the legal ground for military intervention and the United Nations (UN) reactions to them. The article’s main contention is that despite the incontestable significance attached to self-determination, the historical record of the UN responses to such military interventions demonstrates that the right of self-determination does not lend itself to an unquestionable legal right for a state to take a unilateral military action and intervene in domestic affairs of another state

Anahtar Kelimeler

Use of force, unilateral military intervention, self-determination, state practice, United Nations

Kaynakça

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