Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi İçtihatlarının Çevresel Adalet Bağlamında Bir Değerlendirmesi

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 81 - 100, 01.12.2015

Sezai Çağlayan

Öz

Çevresel haklar Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesi’nde (AİHS) yer almamaktadır. Bu nedenle, çevresel problemler mevzu bahis olması halinde sözleşme doğrudan öne sürülememektedir. AİHS
altında çevre hakkının tanınması konusu sıklıkla gündeme gelmiştir. Lakin, 1970’lerin sonunda Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde gündeme gelen ve çevresel fayda ve zararların eşit dağıtılması hususuna
odaklanan çevresel adalet kavramı AİHS bağlamında veya Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi (AİHM)
içtihatları bağlamında ele alınmamıştır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, AİHM’nin çevre konulu davaları ele alırken çevresel adalet kavramına istikrarlı bir şekilde yer vermediğini göstermeye yönelik olarak hazırlanmıştır. AİHS’deki mevcut hakların çevresel adaleti sağlamada yeterli olup olmadıkları da incelenecektir. Ayrıca, AİHM’nin çevre konulu davaları ele alırken ABD’de görüldüğü gibi ırksal veya ekonomik
faktörlere dayalı açık bir çevresel adaletsizlik veya bir ayrımcılık durumuna değinip değinmediği de
sorgulanacaktır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çevresel adalet, Çevre hakkı, İnsan hakları, ABD, AİHS, AİHM

A Review of the Case Law of the European Court of Human Rights in the Context of Environmental Justice

Öz

E nvironmental rights have not been specified in the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR). The ECHR therefore cannot be directly invoked when environmental problems are in question. The question of recognising environmental rights has been frequently raised under the ECHR. However, the concept of environmental justice (EJ) which arose in the US in the late 1970s and which focuses on the fair distribution of environmental burdens and benefits has not been studied in the ECHR or in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). This paper argues that ECtHR has not followed a steady flow in favour of EJ when hearing the cases. In this context, It will be considered whether the existing provisions of the ECHR guarantee EJ. Besides, the question will be asked whether the ECtHR has ever determined environmental injustices or environmental discrimination, which was encountered in the US, based on racial and economic factors when deciding environmental cases in its history

Anahtar Kelimeler

Environmental justice, Environmental rights, Human rights, The US, ECHR, ECtHR

Kaynakça

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