Öz
İngiltere'deki Ruh Sağlığı Yasa Tasarısı'nın ruh sağlığına ilişkin ulusal mevzuatın düzenlenme biçiminde önemli bir değişiklik olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu yasa, çağdaş uluslararası insan hakları ilkelerini ve birey odaklı bakımı içermektedir. Amaç, 1983 tarihli Akıl Sağlığı Yasası ile karşılaşılan, özellikle nüfusun farklı ihtiyaçlarını karşılamama ve akıl hastalığı olan kişilerin haklarını güvence altına almama gibi eksiklikleri gidermektir. Yasa, hakların korunmasına ve istemsiz tedavilerin azaltılmasına vurgu yaparak, İngiltere akıl sağlığı hizmetlerinin iyileştirilmesi için daha bağlayıcı bir çerçeve oluşturmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yeni yasa tasarısının temel hükümleri arasında ruhsal bozuklukların daha iyi tanımlanması ve Yasa kapsamında tedavi gerektiren diğer ruh sağlığı sorunlarıyla eşleştirilmedikçe otizm ve öğrenme güçlüğü gibi durumların istisna tutulması yer alıyor. Ayrıca daha katı gözaltı kriterleri getirmekte, bireylerin bakım tercihlerini onurlandırmak için önceden seçim belgeleri getirmekte, vakalarda daha fazla karar verme yetkisi için 'En Yakın Akraba' yerine Aday Gösterilen Kişi'yi getirmekte, toplum temelli bakım haklarını güçlendirmekte, Ruh Sağlığı İnceleme Kurulları için yeni roller yaratmakta, gönüllü ve gönülsüz kabullerle ilgili prosedürlerde reformlar yapmakta ve tedavi gören küçükler için korumaları güçlendirmektedir. Yeni mevzuatın uygulanması, yeterli desteğin toplanması, hizmet sunumunun yasanın gereklilikleriyle uyumlu hale getirilmesi ve daha toplum temelli bakım ortamlarına geçilmesi gibi zorluklar içermektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Akıl Sağlığı Hasta Hakları Akıl Hastalıkları Tedavi Onayı Toplum Hizmeti İngiltere
Kaynakça
- Akıntürk T and Karaman DA, Türk Medeni Hukuku, Yeni Medeni Kanuna Uyarlanmış Aile Hukuku (Beta Yayıncılık 2010).
- Allderidge P, 'Hospitals, Madhouses and Asylums: Cycles in the Care of the Insane' (1979) 134 British Journal of Psychiatry 321.
- Appelbaum P, 'Protecting the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: An International Convention and Its Problems' (2016) 67(4) Psychiatric Services 366.
- Aykan C, Akıl Sağlığı ve Hastalığı (Ankara 1969).
- Bowen P, Blackstone's Guide to the Mental Health Act 2007, vol 11 (Oxford University Press 2007).
- Burns T, Psychiatry: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press 2006).
- Byrne B, 'Dis-Equality: Exploring the Juxtaposition of Disability and Equality' (2018) 6(1) Social Inclusion 9. Carney T, 'Supported Decision-Making in Australia: Meeting the Challenge of Moving from Capacity to Capacity-Building?' (2017) 35(2) Law in Context 44.
- Cheng R, 'Sociological Theories of Disability, Gender and Sexuality: A Review of the Literature' (2009) 19(1) Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment 112.
- Conly S, Against Autonomy: Justifying Coercive Paternalism (Cambridge University Press 2012).
- Çelik E, 'The Role of the CRPD in Rethinking the Subject of Human Rights' (2017) 21(7) The International Journal of Human Rights 933.
- Daw R, 'The Case for a Fusion Law: Challenges and Issues' in Bernadette McSherry and Ian Freckelton (eds), Coercive Care: Rights, Law and Policy (Routledge 2013).
- Gomory T and others, 'Madness or Mental Illness? Revisiting Historians of Psychiatry' (2013) 23 Current Psychology 119.
- Gostin L, Public Health Law: Power, Duty, Restraint (2nd edn, University of California Press 2008).
- Gray J, Liberalisms (Routledge Revivals): Essays in Political Philosophy (Routledge 2013).
- Holmes E, 'Anti-Discrimination Rights without Equality' (2005) 68(2) The Modern Law Review 175.
- Kelly BD, 'Mental Health Legislation and Human Rights in England, Wales and the Republic of Ireland' (2011) 34(6) International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 439-454.
- Kelly BD, 'The Irish Mental Health Act 2001' (2007) 31 Psychiatric Bulletin 21–24.
- Kisely S and others, 'An Eleven-Year Evaluation of the Effect of Community Treatment Orders on Changes in Mental Health Service Use' (2013) 47(5) Journal of Psychiatric Research 650-656.
- Klug F, Values for a Godless Age: The Story of the UK's New Bill of Rights (Penguin Books 2000).
- Leigh AB, 'Human Dignity' in Marcia H Rioux and others (eds), Critical Perspectives on Human Rights and Disability Law (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 2011).
- Oztan B, Aile Hukuku (Ankara 1983).
- Samuel R Bagenstos, Law and the Contradictions of the Disability Rights Movement (Yale University Press 2009).
- Wilson K, Mental Health Law: Abolish or Reform? (Oxford University Press 2021).
Öz
A new version of the Mental Health Bill, which was proposed in 2022 by UK authorities, shows a significant change in the way of organizing national legislation on mental health. It incorporates contemporary international human rights principles and individual-focused care. The purpose is to rectify the deficiencies that were encountered with the 1983 Mental Health Act, especially in not meeting the different needs of the population and securing the rights of people with mental illness The legislation aims to establish a more binding framework for improving mental health services within the UK, with an emphasis on safeguarding rights and reducing involuntary treatments. Key provisions of the new bill include better definitions of mental disorders and exclusions for conditions like autism and learning disabilities unless paired with other mental health issues warranting treatment under the Act. It also sets stricter detention criteria, introduces advance choice documents to honor individuals' care preferences, replaces the 'Nearest Relative' with a Nominated Person for more decision-making power in cases, strengthens rights to community-based care, creates new roles for Mental Health Review Boards, reforms procedures around voluntary and involuntary admissions, bolsters protections for minors undergoing treatment, among others. Implementing the new legislation poses difficulties such as garnering adequate support, aligning service delivery with the requirements of the law, and moving towards more community-based care settings.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Mental Health UK Legislation Patient Rights Mental Disorders Treatment Consent Community Care
Kaynakça
- Akıntürk T and Karaman DA, Türk Medeni Hukuku, Yeni Medeni Kanuna Uyarlanmış Aile Hukuku (Beta Yayıncılık 2010).
- Allderidge P, 'Hospitals, Madhouses and Asylums: Cycles in the Care of the Insane' (1979) 134 British Journal of Psychiatry 321.
- Appelbaum P, 'Protecting the Rights of Persons with Disabilities: An International Convention and Its Problems' (2016) 67(4) Psychiatric Services 366.
- Aykan C, Akıl Sağlığı ve Hastalığı (Ankara 1969).
- Bowen P, Blackstone's Guide to the Mental Health Act 2007, vol 11 (Oxford University Press 2007).
- Burns T, Psychiatry: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press 2006).
- Byrne B, 'Dis-Equality: Exploring the Juxtaposition of Disability and Equality' (2018) 6(1) Social Inclusion 9. Carney T, 'Supported Decision-Making in Australia: Meeting the Challenge of Moving from Capacity to Capacity-Building?' (2017) 35(2) Law in Context 44.
- Cheng R, 'Sociological Theories of Disability, Gender and Sexuality: A Review of the Literature' (2009) 19(1) Journal of Human Behaviour in the Social Environment 112.
- Conly S, Against Autonomy: Justifying Coercive Paternalism (Cambridge University Press 2012).
- Çelik E, 'The Role of the CRPD in Rethinking the Subject of Human Rights' (2017) 21(7) The International Journal of Human Rights 933.
- Daw R, 'The Case for a Fusion Law: Challenges and Issues' in Bernadette McSherry and Ian Freckelton (eds), Coercive Care: Rights, Law and Policy (Routledge 2013).
- Gomory T and others, 'Madness or Mental Illness? Revisiting Historians of Psychiatry' (2013) 23 Current Psychology 119.
- Gostin L, Public Health Law: Power, Duty, Restraint (2nd edn, University of California Press 2008).
- Gray J, Liberalisms (Routledge Revivals): Essays in Political Philosophy (Routledge 2013).
- Holmes E, 'Anti-Discrimination Rights without Equality' (2005) 68(2) The Modern Law Review 175.
- Kelly BD, 'Mental Health Legislation and Human Rights in England, Wales and the Republic of Ireland' (2011) 34(6) International Journal of Law and Psychiatry 439-454.
- Kelly BD, 'The Irish Mental Health Act 2001' (2007) 31 Psychiatric Bulletin 21–24.
- Kisely S and others, 'An Eleven-Year Evaluation of the Effect of Community Treatment Orders on Changes in Mental Health Service Use' (2013) 47(5) Journal of Psychiatric Research 650-656.
- Klug F, Values for a Godless Age: The Story of the UK's New Bill of Rights (Penguin Books 2000).
- Leigh AB, 'Human Dignity' in Marcia H Rioux and others (eds), Critical Perspectives on Human Rights and Disability Law (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers 2011).
- Oztan B, Aile Hukuku (Ankara 1983).
- Samuel R Bagenstos, Law and the Contradictions of the Disability Rights Movement (Yale University Press 2009).
- Wilson K, Mental Health Law: Abolish or Reform? (Oxford University Press 2021).
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Aile Hukuku, Hukuk Reformu, Hukuk (Diğer) |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 31 Ağustos 2025 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 25 Nisan 2024 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 29 Temmuz 2025 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2025 Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2 |