Yunanistan Batı Trakya'sında Azınlığın Kimlik Hakkı ve Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi İçtihadı

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 2, 510 - 551, 31.08.2025

Burak Saygılı

https://doi.org/10.32957/hacettepehdf.1731990

Öz

Batı Trakya’daki azınlığın etnik kimliğinin yadsınması hususu, azınlık mensuplarının ifade hürriyeti ve dernek kurma özgürlüğü bağlamında analiz edilmesi gereken bir konuyu ifade etmektedir. Batı Trakya’daki azınlığın salt dinsel kimlik üzerinden tanınmasına dönük Yunanistan’ın benimsemiş olduğu resmî tutum, azınlık derneklerinin Türk olarak isimlendirilmesi veya dernek tüzüklerinde etnik Türk kimliğine referansta bulunulması halinde sorunlar yaşanmasına sebep olmaktadır. Nitekim Yunanistan’daki yargısal süreçler, ilgili derneklerin tescil edilmemesi veya feshedilmesi ile neticelenmektedir. Azınlığın etnik kimliğinin yadsınmasına dayanan bu tutumun azınlık kavramının barındırdığı nesnel unsurlar ve azınlık mensuplarının öz tanımlama hakkı bağlamında sorunsallaştırılması mümkündür. Söz konusu yaklaşım biçimi, Avrupa İnsan Hakları Sözleşmesinin bağlayıcılığı ve Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi içtihatlarının etkin biçimde icrası bakımından da üzerinde durulması gereken bir sorun başlığını ifade etmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Azınlık Hakları , Yunanistan , Avrupa İnsan Hakları Mahkemesi , Örgütlenme Özgürlüğü , Azınlık Kimliği

The Right to Identity of the Western Thracian Minority in Greece: In the Context of European Court of Human Rights Jurisprudence

Öz

The denial of the Western Thrace minority’s ethnic identity warrants scrutiny through the lens of freedom of expression and freedom of association. Greece’s official policy of recognising this minority solely on the basis of religious identity creates systematic difficulties whenever minority associations identify themselves as ‘Turkish’ or include references to an ethnic-Turkish identity in their articles of association. Indeed, judicial proceedings in Greece have resulted in the non-registration or dissolution of the relevant associations. This position—grounded in a rejection of the minority’s ethnic identity—can be problematised in light of the objective elements that define a “minority” and the right of minority members to self-identification. It likewise raises a significant concern for the binding force of the European Convention on Human Rights and for the effective execution of the judgements of the European Court of Human Rights.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Minority Rights , Greece , European Court of Human Rights , Freedom of Association , Minority Identity

Kaynakça

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