Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği Eğitim ve Uygulamalarında Simülasyon Uygulamaları: Kapsam Derlemesi

Öz

Amaç: Halk sağlığı hemşireliği eğitimi ve uygulamalarında kullanılan simülasyon uygulamalarına ilişkin çalışmaları inceleyerek bir sentez oluşturmaktır. Yöntem: Çeşitli metodolojileri ve bulguları içeren ampirik çalışmaları sentezlemeyi sağlan kapsam derlemesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu yaklaşım, halk sağlığı hemşireliği eğitim ve uygulamalarında simülasyon uygulamalarının daha kapsamlı bir şekilde anlamamıza olanak sağladı. Ocak 2018 ile Kasım 2024 yılları arasında yapılan çalışmalar için PubMed, Scopus ve Web of Science veri tabanları taranmıştır. Başlıklar ve özetler tarandıktan sonra tam metin makaleler, dahil edilme ve dışlanma kriterlerine göre değerlendirilmiş, çıkarılan bulgular eleştirel bir şekilde incelenmesi ve sentezlenmesi ile temalar oluşturulmuştur. Bulgular: Çalışmada, PubMed, Scopus ve Web of Science tabanlari taranarak toplam 1810 makale elde edilmiştir. Dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılamayan 1697 makale hariç tutulmuştur. Böylece, tam metin değerlendirmesi için toplam 113 makale seçilmiş ve nihayetinde 22 makale dahil etme kriterlerini karşılamıştır. Bu sistematik derlemenin bulguları 1. simülasyon ve eğitim, 2. simülasyonun tanı ve tedavi süreçlerini geliştirmesi ve 3. sağlık ve sosyal bakımda teknolojinin rolü başlıklı temalar altında toplanmıştır. Bulgular hemşirelik öğrencileri ve hemşirelerin simülasyon tabanlı uygulamalar sayesinde iletişim becerileri, kritik düşünme, klinik becerilerdeki özgüvenleri, empati, bakış açısı ve eleştirel düşünme gibi yönlerinin gelişimine olumlu etki gösterdiği fakat bazı ekipmanların kullanımın zor olduğu, teknik açıdan problemler yaşandığı, maliyetin fazla olduğu, denetim ve eğitimlerin güç olduğu bildirilmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, halk sağlığı hemşireliği eğitimi ve uygulamalarında simülasyon temelli eğitimlerini incelemiştir. Gelecekteki çalışmalarda bu eğitimlerin daha verimli hale getirilmesi için mevcut olumsuzlukların aşılması ve teknolojik gelişmelerin eğitim süreçlerine entegre edilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Simülasyon Eğitimi
• Yüksek gerçekli simülasyon uygulamaları
• hemşirelik eğitimi
• Halk sağlığı hemşireliği
• Kapsam Derlemesi

Simulation Practices in Public Health Nursing Education and Practice: A Scoping Review

Öz

Objective: The aim is to synthesize the studies on simulation practices used in public health nursing education and practice. Method: A scoping review was conducted to synthesize empirical studies with various methodologies and findings. This approach allowed for a more comprehensive understanding of simulation practices in public health nursing education and practice. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies conducted between January 2018 and November 2024. Titles and abstracts were screened, and full-text articles were evaluated based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Extracted findings were critically analyzed and synthesized into themes. Results: A total of 1,810 articles were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. After excluding 1,697 articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria, 113 articles were selected for full-text evaluation, and ultimately, 22 articles met the inclusion criteria. The findings were categorized under three main themes: (1) Simulation and education, (2) Improvement of diagnostic and treatment processes through simulation, and (3) The role of technology in health and social care. The findings indicated that simulation-based practices positively impacted nursing students and nurses by enhancing their communication skills, critical thinking, clinical confidence, empathy, perspective, and reflective thinking. However, challenges like the difficulty in using certain equipment, technical problems, high costs, and supervision and training difficulties were reported. Conclusion: This study examined simulation-based training in public health nursing education and practice. Future studies should address existing challenges and

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Simulation Training
• High Fidelity Simulation Training
• Nursing Education
• Community Health Nursing
• Scoping Review

Kaynakça

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