The Effect of a School-Based Health Belief Model Intervention on Safety Measures Behaviors in School Accidents Among Elementary School Students

Öz

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a Health Belief Model-based intervention on elementary school students’ behaviors regarding safety measures in school accidents. Method: This research was a quasi-experimental study (ClinicalTrials ID: NCT05576987) with a pretest-posttest control group design. According to the power analysis, the minimum required number of participants was 87 for both the experimental and control groups. Considering missing and erroneous data and participant absenteeism, the study was conducted with 100 students in each group. Students selected for the experimental group received education prepared based on the components of the Health Belief Model, delivered by the researcher once a week for 20 minutes over a period of four weeks. At the beginning and end of the study, a personal data identification form and a behavior scale regarding safety measures in school accidents were administered to both groups. Results: The mean age of the students was 9.3 years. Among the participants, 47% were girls and 53% were boys. In both the pretest (p <0.001) and posttest (p <0.001) assessments, girls scored significantly higher than boys. No statistically significant difference was observed between the groups in behavior scores following the intervention (p = 0.141), nor was a significant within-group change detected from pretest to posttest (p = 0.443). Conclusion: The Health Belief Model-based education on school accidents did not create an effect on students’ behaviors regarding safety measures in school accidents. Further research with longer education durations and the inclusion of parents is needed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• School
• Accident
• Student
• Health Belief Model
• Education

İlköğretim Öğrencilerinde Okul Temelli Sağlık İnanç Modeline Dayalı Girişimin Okul Kazalarında Güvenlik Önlemleri Davranışlarına Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada ilkokul öğrencilerinde Sağlık İnanç Modeli temelli girişimin öğrencilerin okul kazalarında güvenlik önlemlerine yönelik davranışlarına etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu araştırma, öntest-sontest kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel bir çalışmadır (ClinicalTrials ID: NCT05576987). Güç analizine göre, deney ve kontrol gruplarının her biri için gerekli minimum katılımcı sayısı 87 olarak belirlendi. Çalışma katılımcı devamsızlığı, eksik ve hatalı veriler düşünülerek her iki grupta da 100 öğrenci ile yürütüldü. Sağlık İnanç Modeli bileşenleri temel alınarak hazırlanan eğitim, deney grubuna seçilen öğrencilere, araştırmacı tarafından haftada bir gün 20 dakika süreyle ve dört hafta verildi. Her iki gruba çalışma başlangıcında ve sonunda kişisel veri tanımlama formu ile okul kazalarında güvenlik önlemlerine yönelik davranış ölçeği uygulandı. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %47’si kız, %53’ü erkekti. Öğrencilerin yaş ortalaması 9,3’dü. Hem ön test (p <0.001) hem de son testte (p <0.001) kız öğrencilerin puanı erkek öğrencilerden yüksekti. Eğitim müdahalesinden sonra davranış puanlarının gruplara göre farklılık göstermediği ve (p=0,141) eğitim sonrası davranış puanında eğitim öncesine göre anlamlı bir farkın olmadığı saptandı (p=0,443). Sonuç: Sağlık inanç modeli temelli okul kazalarına yönelik eğitimin öğrencilerin okul kazalarında güvenlik önlemlerine yönelik davranışlarında bir etki oluşturmadı. Eğitim süresinin daha uzun olduğu ve ebeveynlerin de çalışmaya dahil edildiği araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Okul
• Kaza
• Öğrenci
• Sağlık İnanç Modeli
• Eğitim

Kaynakça

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