Bibliometric Analysis of Green Finance

Öz

The need to reduce dependence on fossil fuels in the current economic system has brought the concept of green finance to global attention. Environmental degradation caused by economic activities has also become a significant issue for governments. This is because the use of fossil fuels threatens the growth of green energy, which is necessary to ensure energy security and achieve climate and clean air goals. To control such threats, a substantial amount of green finance is required for the transition to green energy. Green finance encompasses activities aimed at providing low-carbon funds and offering a financing pathway for individuals, companies, and governments seeking to invest in green projects. Green finance also facilitates the development of sustainable trade and investment activities, as well as green investment and financing instruments. In this context, the concept of green finance has drawn the attention of academic researchers, leading to studies addressing fundamental reasons such as environmental protection, climate change, and global concerns. This study aims to present an overall view of the accumulated and ongoing research on green finance by using bibliometric analysis, which quantitatively analyzes academic and scientific studies. The VOSviewer 1.6.20 program was utilized in the study. In addition, 4467 studies published in the international literature on green finance between 1990 and 2023 were examined and access to studies on green finance was provided by scanning various databases in the Web of Science. According to the findings of the study, 2023 had the highest number of publications. It has been observed that the studies on green finance consist mostly of articles with a rate of 86.130%. The findings also revealed that the most publications were in English and that China was the most productive country. The most productive institution was identified as the Beijing Institute of Technology, and the most prominent author was found to be Tagizadeh-Hesary, Farhad.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Green Finance
• Sustainability
• Bibliometric Analysis
• Web of Science
• VOSviewer

Yeşil Finansın Bibliyometrik Analizi

Öz

Mevcut ekonomik sistemde fosil yakıtlara olan bağımlılığı azaltma ihtiyacı yeşil finans kavramının dünya çapında dikkat çekmesine neden olmuştur. Ekonomik faaliyetlerin neden olduğu çevresel bozulmalar hükümetler için de önemli bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Çünkü fosil yakıtların kullanılıyor olması enerji güvenliği sağlamak, iklim ve temiz hava hedeflerine ulaşmak için gereken yeşil enerjinin büyümesini tehdit etmektedir. Bu tarz tehditleri kontrol altına almak için yeşil enerjiye geçişte önemli miktarda yeşil finansmana ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır. Yeşil finans düşük karbonlu fon sağlamak ve yatırım yapmak isteyen bireylere, şirketlere ve hükümetlere bir finansman yolu sunmayı amaçlayan yeşil faaliyetleri kapsamaktadır. Yeşil finans sürdürülebilir ticaret ve yatırım faaliyetlerinin, yeşil yatırım ve finansman araçlarının geliştirilmesini de sağlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda yeşil finans kavramı akademik araştırmacıların da dikkatini çekerek çevreyi koruma, iklim değişikliği ve küresel endişeler gibi temel sebepleri ele alan çalışmalar ortaya konulmuştur. Bu çalışma ise akademik ve bilimsel çalışmaların niceliksel analizini gerçekleştiren bibliyometrik analizi kullanarak yeşil finans ile ilgili biriken ve ilerleyen çalışmaların genel manzarasını ortaya koyma amacı taşımaktadır. Çalışmada VOSviewer 1.6.20 programından yararlanılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada 1990-2023 yılları arasında yeşil finans ile ilgili uluslararası literatürde yayınlanan 4467 çalışma incelenmiş ve Web of Science’da bulunan çeşitli veri tabanları taranarak yeşil finans ile ilgili çalışmalara erişim sağlanmıştır. Çalışmanın sonucunda ulaşılan bulgulara göre en yüksek çalışma sayısının 2023 yılı olduğu görülmüştür. Yeşil finans ile ilgili yapılan çalışmaların % 86.130 oranla en çok makalelerden oluştuğu gözlemlenmiştir. En çok “ingilizce” yayın yapıldığı ve buna ek olarak en üretken ülkenin Çin olduğu bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. En üretken kurumun ise “Beijing Institute of Technology” ve en tanınmış yazarın “Tagizadeh-Hesary, Farhad” olduğu bulgularına ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yeşil Finans
• Sürdürülebilirlik
• Bibliyometrik Analiz
• Web of Science
• VOSviewer

Kaynakça

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