Dephenolization of Olive Mill Wastewater by Pellets of Some White Rot Fungi

Yıl 2011, Cilt: 39 Sayı: 4, 379 - 390, 01.12.2011

Pınar Aytar Serap Gedikli Meltem Çelikdemir Süleyman Uzuner , Burhanettin Farizoğlu Mesut Şam Ahmet Çabuk Necdet Sağlam

Öz

The present study was aimed at evaluating the phenol removal efficiency of growing cell of some lignin- degrading fungi. The experiments were carried out both at olive mill wastewater OMWW based medium and at OMWW medium supplemented with nutrient with Trametes versicolor ATCC200801, Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME 446, and Pleurotus ostreatus. Correlation could be established between phenol removal determined and extracellular enzyme activity measured end of the incubation time; therefore, enzymatic dephenolization experiments were also performed. With experiments related to growing cell, the most stable strain, optimum incubation time, dilution of OMWW, medium were selected as T.versicolor ATCC200801, 9th day, 15%, and only OMWW based medium without nutrient, respectively. In this study, 97% of phenol removal was obtained not including the requirement of adaptation phase, pretreatment, and adding of any nutrients, which these findings, not demonstrated in the previous studies related to OMWW.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Olive mill wastewater, Wastewater treatment, Dephenolization, White rot fungi

Bazı Beyaz Çürükçül Fungus Pelletleri ile Zeytin Kara Suyundan Fenol Giderimi

Öz

B u çalışmada bazı beyaz çürükçül fungusların gelişen hücrelerinin fenol giderim etkinliklerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Deneyler, Trametes versicolor ATCC200801, Phanerochaete chrysosporium ME446 ve Pleurotus ostreatus kullanılarak hem zeytin kara suyu ortamında hem de besin içeren zeytin kara suyu ortamında gerçekleştirilmiştir. Belirlenen fenol giderimi ile inkübasyon süresi sonunda ölçülen hücre dışı enzim aktivitesi arasında bir ilişki kurulabilmiştir. Bu nedenle enzimatik fenol giderimi deneyleri de gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hücresel fenol giderimi ile ilgili olarak en uygun suş; T.versicolor ATCC200801, optimum inkübasyon süresi; 9 gün, zeytin kara suyu dilüsyonu; %15, yetiştirilen ortam; besin eklemeksizin zeytin kara suyu ortamı olarak seçilmiştir. Bu çalışmada adaptasyon basamağı, ön işlem ve besin eklemeye ihtiyaç duyulmadan %97 fenol giderimi elde edilmiştir. Zeytin kara suyu ile ilgili yapılmış önceki çalışmalarda elde edilen bu bulgulara rastlanılmamıştır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zeytin karasuyu, Atık su iyileştirilmesi, Fenol giderimi, Beyaz çürükçül fungus

Kaynakça

• A. Tsioulpas, D. Dimou, D. Iconomou, G. Aggelis, Phenolic removal in olive oil mill wastewater by strains of Pleurotus spp. in respect to their phenol oxidase (laccase) activity, Bioresource Technol., 84 (2002) 251.
• M. Niaounakis, C.P. Halvadakis, Olive processing was- te management: literature review and patent survey, 2rd. ed., Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2006.
• N. Kotronarou, M. Mendez, IMPEL Olive Oil Project, European Union network for the implementation and enforcement of environmental law, Rome, Italy, 2003.
• L. Valentin, T. A. Lu-Chau, C. Lopez, G. Feijoo, M. T. Moreira, J. M. Lema, Biodegradation of dibenzothio- phene, fluoranthene, pyrene and chrysene in a soil slurry reactor by the white-rot fungus Bjerkandera sp. BOS55, Process Biochem., 42 (2007) 641.
• A. Cabuk, A. T. Unal, N. Kolankaya, Biodegradation of cyanide by a white rot fungus, Trametes versicolor, Biotechnol. Lett. 28 (2006)1313.
• Y. K. Özel, S. Gedikli, P. Aytar, A. Ünal, M. Yamaç, A. Çabuk, N. Kolankaya, New fungal biomasses for cyanide biodegradation, J. Biosci. Bioeng. 110 (2010) 431.
• S. Sasmaz, S. Gedikli, P. Aytar, G. Güngörmedi, A. Çabuk, E. Hür, A. Ünal, N. Kolankaya, Decolorization Potential of Some Reactive Dyes with Crude Laccase and Laccase-Mediated System, Appl. Biochem. Bio- technol. 163 (2010) 346.
• O. Yesilada, S. C. Yildirim, E. Birhanli, E. Apohan, D. Asma, F. Kuru, The evaluation of pre-grown mycelial pellets in decolorization of textile dyes during repeated batch process, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 26 (2010) 33.
• M. Arısoy, N. Kolankaya, Biodegradation of lindane by Pleurotus sajor-caju and toxic effects of lindane and its metabolites on mice, B. Environ. Contam. Tox., 59 (1997) 352.
• C.F. Gökçay, N. Kolankaya, F.B. Dilek, Microbial solubilization of lignites, Fuel, 80 (2001) 1421.
• P. Aytar, M. Şam, A. Çabuk, Microbial desulphurization of Turkish lignites by white rot fungi, Energ. Fuel, 22 (2008) 1196.
• P. Aytar, S. Gedikli, M. Şam, A. Ünal, A. Çabuk, N. Kolankaya, A. Yürüm, Desulphurization of some low- rank Turkish lignites with crude laccase produced from Trametes versicolor ATCC 200801, Fuel Process. Technol., 92 (2011) 71.
• F. E. Ergül, S. Sargın, G. Öngen, F. V. Sukan, Dephenolisation of olive mill wastewater using adapted Trametes versicolor, Int. Biodeter. Biodegr., 63 (2009) 1.
• O. Yesilada, S. Sik, M. Sam, Biodegradation of olive oil mill wastewater by Coriolus versicolor and Funalia trogii: effects of agitation, initial COD concentration, inoculum size and immobilization, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 14 (1998) 37.
• V. Vinciguerra, A. D’Annibale, E. Gacs-Baitz, G. Delle Monache, Biotransformation of tyrosol by whole-cell and cell-free preparation of Lentinus edodes, J. Mol. Catal. B. Enzymatic, 3 (1997) 213.
• O. Ben Hamman, T. De la Rubia, J. Martinez, Decolorization of olive oil mill wastewaters by Phanerochaete flavido-alba, Environ Toxicol Chem 18 (1999) 2410.
• A. Jaouani, F. Gullien, M.J. Penninckx, A.T. Martinez, M. J. Martinez, Role of Pycnoporus coccineus laccase in the degradation of aromatic compounds in olive oil mill wastewater, Enz. Microb. Technol. 36 (2005) 478.
• A. Jaouani, M.G. Tabka, M.J. Penninckx, Lignin modifying enzymes of Coriolopsis polyzona and their role in olive oil mill wastewaters decolorisation, Chemosphere, 62 (2006) 1421.
• G. Olivieri, A. Marzocchella, P. Salatino, P. Giardina, G. Cennamo, G. Sannia, Olive mill wastewater reme- diation by means of Pleurotus ostreatus, Biochem. Eng. J., 31 (2006) 180.
• J. Mann, J.L. Markham, P. Peiris, N. Nair, R.N. Spooner- Hart, P. Holford, Screening and selection of fungi for bioremediation of olive mill wastewater, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 26 (2010) 567.
• S. Gedikli, P. Aytar, A. Ünal, M. Yamaç, A. Çabuk, N. Kolankaya, Enhancement with inducers of laccase production by some strains and application of enzyme to dechlorination of 2,4,5–trichlorophenol, Elect. J. Biotechnol., 13 (2010) 6.
• K. Slinkard, V. L. Singleton, Total phenol analysis: automation and comparison with manual methods, Am. J. Enol. Viti., 28 (1977) 49.
• APHA Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. American Public Health Association, 20th ed., Port City Press, Baltimore, Maryland. (1998).
• N.A. Nelson, Photometric adaptation of Somogyi method for determination of glucose, J. Biol. Chem., 153 (1944) 375.
• P. M. Coll, J.M. Fernandez-Abalos, J.R. Villanueva, R. Santamaría, and P. Pérez, Purification and characterization of a Phenoloxidase (Laccase) from the Lignin-Degrading Basidiomycete PM1 (CECT 2971), Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 59 (1993) 2607.
• M.S. Fountoulakis, S.N. Dokianakis, M.E. Kornaros, G.G. Aggelis, G. Lyberatos, Removal of phenolics in olive mill wastewaters using the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, Wat. Res., 36 (2002) 4735.
• G. Aggelis, D. Iconomou, M. Christou, D. Bokas, S. Kotzailias, G. Christou, V. Tsagou, S. Papanikolaou, Phenolic removal in a model olive mill wastewater using Pleurotus ostreatus in bioreactor cultures and biological evaluation of the process, Wat. Res., 37: (2003) 3897.
• A. D’Annibale, C. Crestini, V. Vinciguerra, G. Giovannozzi Sermanni, The biodegradation of recalcitrant effluents from an olive mill by a white-rot fungus, J. Biotechnol., 61 (1998) 209.
• A. A. Dias, A. Bezerra, A. Nazare Pereira, Activity and elution profile of laccase during biological decolorization and dephenolization of olive mill wastewater, Bioresource Technol. 92 (2004) 7.
• P. Bla´nquez, G. Caminal, M. Sarra, M. T. Vicent, X. Gabarrell, Olive mill waste waters decoloration and detoxification in a bioreactor by the white rot fungus Phanerochaete flavido-alba, Biotechnol. Prog., 18 (2002) 660.
• N. K. Pazarlıoğlu, M. Sariişik, A. Telefoncu, Laccase: production by Trametes versicolor and application to denim washing, Process Biochem., 40 (2005) 1673.
• M. Fenice, G. Giovannozzi-Sermanni, F. Federici, A. D’Annibale, Submerged and solid state production of laccase and manganese-peroxidase by P.tigrinus, on olive-mill wastewater-based media, J. Biotechnol., 100 (2003) 77.
• A. D’Annibale, C. Crestini, V. Vinciguerra, G. G. Sermanni, Oxirane-immobilized Lentinula edodes laccase: stability and phenolics removal efficieny in olive mill wastewater, J. Biotechnol., 77 (2000) 265.
• C.F. Thurston, The structure and function of fungal laccases, Microbiology, 140 (1994) 19.
• R. Casa, A. D’Annibale, F. Pieruccetti, S.R. Stazi, G. Sermanni, B. Lo Cascio, Reduction of the phenolic components in olive-mill wastewater by an enzymatic treatment and its impact on durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) germinability, Chemosphere, 50 (2003) 959.
• A. M. Farnet, S. Criquet, S. Tagger, G. Gil, J. Le Petit, Purification, partial characterization, and reactivity with aromatic compounds of two laccases from Marasmius quercophilus strain 17, Can. J. Microbiol., 46 (2000) 189.
• V. Vinciguerra, A. D’Annibale, G. Delle Monache, G. Giovannozzi-Sermanni, Correlated effects during the bioconservation of waste olive waters by Lentinula edodes, Bioresource Technol., 51 (1995) 221.
• L. Martirani, P. Giardina, L. Marzullo, G. Sannia, Reduction of phenol content and toxicity in olive oil mill waste waters with the ligninolytic fungus Pleurotus ostreatus, Wat. Res., 30 (1996) 1914.
• A. D’Annibale, R. Casa, F. Pieruccetti, M. Ricci, R. Marabottini, Lentinula edodes removes phenols from olive-mill wastewater: impact on durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) germinability, Chemosphere, 54 (2004) 887.
• Ö. Yeşilada, S. Şık, M. Şam, Treatment of olive oil mill wastewater with fungi, T. J. Biol., 23 (1999) 231.
• S. M. Alaoui, M. Merzouki, M. J. Penninckx, M. Benlemlih, Relationship between cultivation mode of white rot fungi and their efficiency for olive oil mill wastewaters treatment, Elect. J. Biotechnol., 11 (2008) 1.
• S. Sayadi, R. Ellouz, Roles of lignin peroxidase and manganese peroxidase from Phanerochaete chrysosporium in the decolorization of olive mill wastewater, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 61 (1995) 1098.
• M. I. Massadeh, N. Modallal, Ethanol production from olive mill wastewater (OMW) pretreated with Pleurotus sajor-caju, Energ. Fuel, 22 (2008) 150.
• A. Robles, R. Lucas, G. A. Cienfuegos, A. Galvez, Biomass production and detoxification of waste- waters from the olive oil industry by strains of Penicillium isolated from wastewater disposal ponds, Bioresource Technol., 74 (2000) 217.
• M. Kissi, M. Mountadar, O. Assobhei, E. Gargiulo, G. Palmieri, P. Giardina, G. Sannia, Roles of two white rot basidiomycete fungi in decolorisation and detoxification of olive mill waste water, Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 57 (2001) 221.
• R. Capasso, A. Evidente, L. Schivo, G. Orru, M.A. Marcialis, G. Cristinzio, Antibacterial polyphenols from olive oil mill waste water, J. Appl. Bacteriol., 79 (1995) 393.