Karyotype and Presence of B-Chromosomes in Red Fox from Central Anatolia
Year 2014,
Volume: 42 Issue: 3, 383 - 386, 01.09.2014
Yasin Demirbaş
Nursel Aşan Baydemir
Abstract
Conventionally stained karyotype and Ag-NOR banded chromosomes of a male red fox Vulpes vulpes L., 1758 from Kırıkkale province in Turkey were determined. The chromosome set included 16 biarmed auto- somal pairs with two dot- like B chromosomes 2n= 34 + 2B, NF=67, NFa=64 . The X chromosome was a large metacentric and the Y was a small acrocentric, almost similar in size of the Bs. The Ag-NOR regions were found in the telomeric regions of the long arm of three medium-sized metacentric autosomes.
References
- 1. D.E. Wilson., D.M. Reeder, Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2005.
- 2. M. Bugno-Paniewierska, P. Solek, L. Potocki, K. Pawlina, M. Wnuk, G. Jezewska-Witkowska and E. Slota, Polymorphism of cytogenetic markers in wild and farm red fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations. Folia Biol-Krakow, 61 (2013) 155.
- 3. L.Wipf, R.M. Shackelford, Chromosomes of a fox hybrid. PNAS, 35 (1949) 468.
- 4. I. Gustavsson, C.O. Sundt, Chromosome complex of the family Canidae. Hereditas, 54 (1965) 249.
- 5. C.C. Lin, D.H. Johnston, R.O. Ramsden, Polymorphism and quacrine fluorescence karyotypes of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Canadian J Genet Cytol., 14 (1972) 573.
- 6. A.S. Graphodatsky, F. Yang, P.C.M. O’Brien, N. Sendukova, B.J. Milne, V. Trifonov, M.A. Ferguson-Smith, A comparative chromosome map of the Arctic fox, red fox and dog defined by chromosome painting and high resolution G-banding. Chromosome Res., 8 (2000) 253.
- 7. M. Switonski, N. Rogalska-Niznik, I. Szazerbal, M. Baer, Chromosome polymorphism and karyotype evolution of four canids: the dog, red fox, arctic fox and racon dog. Caryologia, 56 (2003) 375.
- 8. M. Breen, Canine cytogenetics from band to base pair. Cytogenet Genome Res., 120 (2008) 50.
- 9. N. Turan, Türkiye’nin av ve yaban hayvanları, memeliler. Ongun Kardeşler Matbaacılık Sanayi, Ankara, 1984 [In Turkish].
- 10. A. Demirsoy, Türkiye omurgalıları, Memeliler. Meteksan A.Ş. Ankara, 1999 [In Turkish].
- 11. A.Soyumert, B. Gürkan, Relative habitat use by the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Köprülü Canyon National park, Southern Anatolia. Hystrix, 24 (2013) 1.
- 12. D.W. MacDonald, L. Brown, S. Yerli, A.F. Canbolat, Behaviour of red foxes Vulpes vulpes catching eggs of Laggerhead Turtles, Caretta caretta. J Mammal., 75 (1994) 985.
- 13. L. Brown, W. MacDonald, Predation on green turtle Chelonia mydas nests by wild canids at Akyatan beach, Turkey. Biol Conserv., 71 (1995) 55.
- 14. Ş. Özkurt, M. Sözen, N. Yiğit, E. Çolak, Notes on distibutional records and some characteristics of five carnivore species (Mammalia: Carnivora) in Turkey. Turk J Zool., 22 (1998) 285.
- 15. A. Soyumert, Vulpes vulpes (Kızıl tilki) ve Meles meles (Porsuk) türlerinin Köprülü Kanyon Milli Park’ındaki habitat tercihi üzerine çalışmalar. M.Sc. Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 2004 [In Turkish].
- 16. N. Johnson, H. Ün, A. Vos, O. Aylan, E.R. Fooks, Wildlife rabies in western Turkey: The spread of rabies through the western provinces of Turkey. Epidemiol Infect., 134 (2006) 369.
- 17. Ö.E. Can, Camera trapping in large mammals in Yenice Forest habitats: a feasibility of study for camera trapping large mammals in Yenice Forests, Turkey. PHD Thesis, METU, Ankara, 2008.
- 18. A.M. De Marinis, M. Masseti, Mammalian fauna of Termossos National Park, Turkey. Zookeys, 31 (2009) 221.
- 19. A. Vos, C. M. Freuling, S. Eskiizmirliler, H. Ün, D. Aylan, N. Johnson, S. Gürbüz, W. Müller, N. Akçakoca, T. Müller, A.R. Fooks, H. Askaroğlu, Rabies in foxes, Aegean region, Turkey. Emerg Infect Dis., 15 (2008) 1620.
- 20. B. Akbaba, Çamlıdere - Çamkoru bölgesindeki (Ankara) kızıl tilkilerin (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) habitat kullanım ve beslenme davranışlarının incelenmesi. M.Sc Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 2010 [In Turkish].
- 21. Y. İlemin, Datça - Bozburun Yarımadası orta ve büyük memeli türlerinin vejetasyon tiplerine bağlı dağılımının belirlenmesi. M.Sc Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 2010 [In Turkish].
- 22. A. Soyumert, T. Tavşanoğlu, O. Macar, B.Y. Kaynaş, B. Gürkan, Presence of large and medium-sized mammals in a burned pine forest in southwestern Turkey. Hystrix, 21 (2010) 97.
- 23. O. İbiş, Ç. Tez, İ. Gündüz, S. Özcan, Genetic analysis of Turkish red foxes, Vulpes vulpes L. 1758 (Mammalia: Carnivora) with mitochondrial cytochrome – b gene sequence. 1st National Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Congress, 26 – 29 September 2010, Antalya [In Turkish, English summary].
- 24. H. Ün, S. Eskiizmirliler, N. Ünal, C. M. Freuling, N. Johnson, A.R. Fooks, T. Müller, Oral vaccination of foxes against rabies in Turkey between 2008 and 2010. Berl Munch Tierarztl., 125 (2010) 203.
- 25. C.E. Ford, J.L. Hamerton, A colchicine, hypotonic citrate, squash sequence for mammalian chromosomes. Stain Technol., 31 (1956) 247.
- 26. W.M. Howell, D.A. Black, Controlled silverstaining for nucleolus organizer regions with a protective colloidal developer: A 1 - step method. Experientia, 36 (1980) 1014.
- 27. A. Mäkinen, The standart karyotype of the silver fox (Vulpes fulvus Desm.) Committee for the standard karyotype of Vulpes fulvus Desm. Hereditas, 103 (1985) 171.
- 28. A. Mäkinen, I. Gustavsson, M. Switonski, N. Tagaki, The standard karyotype of the blue fox (Alopex lagopus L.). Hereditas, 103 (1985a) 33.
- 29. A. Mäkinen, M.T. Kuokkanen, G.K. Isakova, N. Tagaki, I. Gustavsson, The standard karyotype of silver fox (Vulpes fulvus Desm.). Hereditas, 103 (1985b) 171.
- 30. M. Vujosevic, J. Blagojevic, B chromosomes in population of mammals. Cytogenet Genome Res, 106 (2004) 247.
- 31. V.T. Volobuev, B-chromosome system of the mammals. Genetica, 52 (1980) 333.
- 32. F. Yang, P.C.M. O’Brien, B.S. Milne, A.S. Graphodatsky, N. Solanky, V. Trifonov, W. Rens, D. Sargan, M.A. Ferguson-Smith, A complete comparative chromosome map for the dog, red fox, and human and its integration with canine genetic maps. Genomics, 62 (1999) 189.
Orta Anadolu’daki Kızıl Tilkinin Karyotipi ve B-Kromozomların Varlığı
Year 2014,
Volume: 42 Issue: 3, 383 - 386, 01.09.2014
Yasin Demirbaş
Nursel Aşan Baydemir
Abstract
T ürkiye’deki Kırıkkale ilinden erkek bir kızıl tilki Vulpes vulpes L., 1758 ’nin standart boyanmış karyotipi ve Ag-NOR bantlı kromozomları tespit edilmiştir. Kromozom setinde iki nokta benzeri B kromozomu ile beraber 16 iki kollu otozomal çift yer almaktadır 2n= 34 + 2B, NF=67, NFa=64 . X kromozomu büyük metasentrik, Y kromozomu ise hemen hemen B kromozomların büyüklüğünde küçük akrosetriktir. Ag-NOR bölgeler orta büyüklükteki üç metasentrik otozom çiftinin uzun kollarının telomerik bölgelerinde tespit edilmiştir
References
- 1. D.E. Wilson., D.M. Reeder, Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 2005.
- 2. M. Bugno-Paniewierska, P. Solek, L. Potocki, K. Pawlina, M. Wnuk, G. Jezewska-Witkowska and E. Slota, Polymorphism of cytogenetic markers in wild and farm red fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations. Folia Biol-Krakow, 61 (2013) 155.
- 3. L.Wipf, R.M. Shackelford, Chromosomes of a fox hybrid. PNAS, 35 (1949) 468.
- 4. I. Gustavsson, C.O. Sundt, Chromosome complex of the family Canidae. Hereditas, 54 (1965) 249.
- 5. C.C. Lin, D.H. Johnston, R.O. Ramsden, Polymorphism and quacrine fluorescence karyotypes of red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). Canadian J Genet Cytol., 14 (1972) 573.
- 6. A.S. Graphodatsky, F. Yang, P.C.M. O’Brien, N. Sendukova, B.J. Milne, V. Trifonov, M.A. Ferguson-Smith, A comparative chromosome map of the Arctic fox, red fox and dog defined by chromosome painting and high resolution G-banding. Chromosome Res., 8 (2000) 253.
- 7. M. Switonski, N. Rogalska-Niznik, I. Szazerbal, M. Baer, Chromosome polymorphism and karyotype evolution of four canids: the dog, red fox, arctic fox and racon dog. Caryologia, 56 (2003) 375.
- 8. M. Breen, Canine cytogenetics from band to base pair. Cytogenet Genome Res., 120 (2008) 50.
- 9. N. Turan, Türkiye’nin av ve yaban hayvanları, memeliler. Ongun Kardeşler Matbaacılık Sanayi, Ankara, 1984 [In Turkish].
- 10. A. Demirsoy, Türkiye omurgalıları, Memeliler. Meteksan A.Ş. Ankara, 1999 [In Turkish].
- 11. A.Soyumert, B. Gürkan, Relative habitat use by the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Köprülü Canyon National park, Southern Anatolia. Hystrix, 24 (2013) 1.
- 12. D.W. MacDonald, L. Brown, S. Yerli, A.F. Canbolat, Behaviour of red foxes Vulpes vulpes catching eggs of Laggerhead Turtles, Caretta caretta. J Mammal., 75 (1994) 985.
- 13. L. Brown, W. MacDonald, Predation on green turtle Chelonia mydas nests by wild canids at Akyatan beach, Turkey. Biol Conserv., 71 (1995) 55.
- 14. Ş. Özkurt, M. Sözen, N. Yiğit, E. Çolak, Notes on distibutional records and some characteristics of five carnivore species (Mammalia: Carnivora) in Turkey. Turk J Zool., 22 (1998) 285.
- 15. A. Soyumert, Vulpes vulpes (Kızıl tilki) ve Meles meles (Porsuk) türlerinin Köprülü Kanyon Milli Park’ındaki habitat tercihi üzerine çalışmalar. M.Sc. Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 2004 [In Turkish].
- 16. N. Johnson, H. Ün, A. Vos, O. Aylan, E.R. Fooks, Wildlife rabies in western Turkey: The spread of rabies through the western provinces of Turkey. Epidemiol Infect., 134 (2006) 369.
- 17. Ö.E. Can, Camera trapping in large mammals in Yenice Forest habitats: a feasibility of study for camera trapping large mammals in Yenice Forests, Turkey. PHD Thesis, METU, Ankara, 2008.
- 18. A.M. De Marinis, M. Masseti, Mammalian fauna of Termossos National Park, Turkey. Zookeys, 31 (2009) 221.
- 19. A. Vos, C. M. Freuling, S. Eskiizmirliler, H. Ün, D. Aylan, N. Johnson, S. Gürbüz, W. Müller, N. Akçakoca, T. Müller, A.R. Fooks, H. Askaroğlu, Rabies in foxes, Aegean region, Turkey. Emerg Infect Dis., 15 (2008) 1620.
- 20. B. Akbaba, Çamlıdere - Çamkoru bölgesindeki (Ankara) kızıl tilkilerin (Vulpes vulpes L., 1758) habitat kullanım ve beslenme davranışlarının incelenmesi. M.Sc Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 2010 [In Turkish].
- 21. Y. İlemin, Datça - Bozburun Yarımadası orta ve büyük memeli türlerinin vejetasyon tiplerine bağlı dağılımının belirlenmesi. M.Sc Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 2010 [In Turkish].
- 22. A. Soyumert, T. Tavşanoğlu, O. Macar, B.Y. Kaynaş, B. Gürkan, Presence of large and medium-sized mammals in a burned pine forest in southwestern Turkey. Hystrix, 21 (2010) 97.
- 23. O. İbiş, Ç. Tez, İ. Gündüz, S. Özcan, Genetic analysis of Turkish red foxes, Vulpes vulpes L. 1758 (Mammalia: Carnivora) with mitochondrial cytochrome – b gene sequence. 1st National Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Congress, 26 – 29 September 2010, Antalya [In Turkish, English summary].
- 24. H. Ün, S. Eskiizmirliler, N. Ünal, C. M. Freuling, N. Johnson, A.R. Fooks, T. Müller, Oral vaccination of foxes against rabies in Turkey between 2008 and 2010. Berl Munch Tierarztl., 125 (2010) 203.
- 25. C.E. Ford, J.L. Hamerton, A colchicine, hypotonic citrate, squash sequence for mammalian chromosomes. Stain Technol., 31 (1956) 247.
- 26. W.M. Howell, D.A. Black, Controlled silverstaining for nucleolus organizer regions with a protective colloidal developer: A 1 - step method. Experientia, 36 (1980) 1014.
- 27. A. Mäkinen, The standart karyotype of the silver fox (Vulpes fulvus Desm.) Committee for the standard karyotype of Vulpes fulvus Desm. Hereditas, 103 (1985) 171.
- 28. A. Mäkinen, I. Gustavsson, M. Switonski, N. Tagaki, The standard karyotype of the blue fox (Alopex lagopus L.). Hereditas, 103 (1985a) 33.
- 29. A. Mäkinen, M.T. Kuokkanen, G.K. Isakova, N. Tagaki, I. Gustavsson, The standard karyotype of silver fox (Vulpes fulvus Desm.). Hereditas, 103 (1985b) 171.
- 30. M. Vujosevic, J. Blagojevic, B chromosomes in population of mammals. Cytogenet Genome Res, 106 (2004) 247.
- 31. V.T. Volobuev, B-chromosome system of the mammals. Genetica, 52 (1980) 333.
- 32. F. Yang, P.C.M. O’Brien, B.S. Milne, A.S. Graphodatsky, N. Solanky, V. Trifonov, W. Rens, D. Sargan, M.A. Ferguson-Smith, A complete comparative chromosome map for the dog, red fox, and human and its integration with canine genetic maps. Genomics, 62 (1999) 189.