Egzersizin fizyolojik sistemler üzerine etkileri: Sistematik Derleme

Öz

Amaç: Günümüzün dijitalleşen dünyasında günlük işlerimiz fiziksel olarak hareket etmeksizin kolay bir şekilde gerçekleştirilebilmektedir. Bununla birlikte hareketsiz ve fiziksel aktiviteden sınırlı bir yaşam tarzı birçok hastalığı da beraberinde getirmektedir. Fiziksel aktivitenin vücudun bütün sistemleri ile ilişkili olduğu ve birçok hastalığın tedavisinde destekleyici rolü literatürde bildirilmiştir. Bu derlemenin amacı, egzersizin fizyolojik sistemler üzerindeki etkilerini gözden geçirmektir. Metot: Bu çalışmada, sağlık ve tıp bilimlerinde dünyanın önde gelen çalışmalarının indekslendiği Pubmed veri tabanında, 2017-2020 yılları arasında, egzersiz/fiziksel aktivite ve insan organizmasındaki sistemler üzerindeki etkilerini inceleyen araştırmalar incelenmiştir. Bulgular: Çalışmalar incelendiğinde egzersizin insan metabolizmasında ve fizyolojik sistemler üzerinde önemli etkileri olduğu ve birçok hastalığın tedavisine destek olabileceği gözlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte yapılan araştırmalarda egzersizin şiddetinin yoğunluğunun ve süresinin bireysel kriter ve formlara göre şekillendirilmesi gerektiği, aksi takdirde egzersizin potansiyel etkilerinin kaybolabileceği hatta fizyolojik sistemler ve hastalık tedavisinde olumsuz etkileri olabileceği bildirilmiştir. Sonuç: Sunulan çalışmada fiziksel aktivitenin, birçok hastalığın belirteçlerini önlemede ve hastalık sürecindeki tedaviye destek rolündeki önemini ortaya çıkmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• egzersiz
• fiziksel aktivite
• fizyolojik sistemler

Kaynakça

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