Avrasya Geç Miyosen Dönem Microstonyx (Suidae) Taksonomisine Genel Bir Bakış

Yıl 2024, Sayı: 14, 1 - 14, 15.11.2024

Ahmet Cem Erkman

Öz

Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nde Geç Miyosen Dönem’de (11,63-5,333 milyon yıl) Microstonyx’in paleobiyo- coğrafik dağılımı ve biyostratigrafik farklılığı uzun bir zamandır paleontoloji literatüründe tartışılmak- tadır. Zaman, cinsiyet ve bölgesel farklılıkların karmaşası bu Geç Miyosen Dönem domuzunu Avrasya Bölgesi’nde oldukça karakteristik kılmaktadır. Vallesian ve Turolian dönemlerde açık ve kuru alanların artmasıyla birlikte Microstonyx’ler yaşam alanındaki ekolojik farklılığa çok çabuk adapte olabilmiştir. Morfolojik küçük farklılıklar Microstonyx’in alt tür ayrımını son derece hassas kılmıştır. Bu alt türün (subspecies) durumu üç farklı temel prensibe dayanır. Bunlardan ilki kronolojik sıra, ikincisi coğrafik dağılım ve üçüncüsü ise MN 12’den itibaren gerileyerek azalan ölçüleridir. MN 12/13 Dönemi’nde türlerin yok oluşu zirve yapmış ve Akdeniz ve Patratetis’in (7-5 milyon yıl) çekilmesiyle eş zamanlı olarak bu durum sona ermiştir. Akdeniz’den Orta Avrupa’ya kadar olan coğrafik bölgelerde MN 13’e kadar olan süreç içinde, Microstonyx’in yaşanabilir göl sistemleri içinde savana benzeri açık alanlardan ziyade bu alanların daha yeşil yüksek yerlerinde var olmaları bu hipotezi destekler niteliktedir. Ayrıca cranial morfolojisi ve ekosistemde paylaştığı ortak fauna da bu durumu doğrulamaktadır. Microstonyx’in evri- mi, spesifik olarak ekolojik değişikliklere karşı çok esnektir. Bu çalışma, Geç Miyosen Dönem’de Doğu Akdeniz Bölgesi’nin yaygın domuzu olan Microstonyx’in coğrafik ve stratigrafik farklılığının yanında ekolojik uyumuna genel bir bakış açısı getirmeyi hedeflemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fosil, Suidae, Geç Miyosen, Avrasya, Taksonomi

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışmanın hazırlanma sürecinde bilimsel ve etik ilkelere uyulduğu ve yararlanılan tüm çalışmaların kaynakçada belirtildiği beyan olunur.

A General Overview of the Taxonomy of Microstonyx (Suidae) During the Late Miocene Period in Eurasia

Öz

The paleo-biogeographic distribution and bio-stratigraphic differences of Microstonyx in the Eastern Mediterranean region during the Late Miocene period (11.63-5.333 million years) have been discussed in the literature for a long time. The complexity of time, gender, and regional differences makes this Late Miocene pig notably characteristic of Eurasia. Ecologically, with the increase in open and dry areas in the Vallesian and Turolian periods, adapted very quickly to the differences in habitats. Small morphological differences make the subspecies distinction of Microstonyx extremely sensitive. The status of this subspecies is based on three different basic principles. The first of these is the chronological order, the second is the geographical distribution and the third is the decreasing dimensions starting from MN 12. Species extinction peaked during MN 12/13 and ended simultaneously with the retreat of the Mediterranean and Patratethys (7-5 Ma). In the geographical regions from the Mediterranean to Central Europe during the MN 13 period, Microstonyx’s presence in habitable lake systems in greener higher places rather than in savannah-like open areas supports this hypothesis. Moreover, its cranial morphology and the common fauna sharing in the ecosystem also confirm this situation. The evolution of Microstonyx is particularly flexible to ecological changes. This study aimed to bring a general perspective to the ecological adaptation and the geographical and stratigraphic differences of Microstonyx, the common pig of the Eastern Mediterranean region in the Late Miocene period.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fossil, Suidae, Late Miocene, Eurasia, Taxonomy

Etik Beyan

It is declared that scientific and ethical principles were complied with during the preparation of this study and all the works referred are mentioned in the bibliography.

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