Mahan'ın Deniz Gücü Teorisinin Japon Donanması Üzerindeki Etkisi ve Rus-Japon Savaşına (1904-1905) Yansımaları

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 12, 23 - 48, 31.12.2025

Emine Uygur Çetin

https://doi.org/10.61348/htde.1814282

Öz

Alfred Thayer Mahan’ın deniz gücü teorisi, birçok devletin ulusal stratejisini şekillendirmiştir. Meiji Restorasyonu ile başlayan süreçte, Japonya, Mahan’ın prensiplerini adapte ederek kapalı bir ada ülkesinden, bölgesel bir güce evrilmiş, var olmayan bir deniz gücü ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu dönüşüm, yalnızca teknolojik bir modernleşme değil köklü bir stratejik değişimdir. Meiji liderleri, Mahan’ın “Deniz Gücü” tezini, Japonya’nın coğrafi gerçekliği ve kaynak kıtlığıyla harmanlayarak bir model oluşturmuştur. Bu süreç, ilk olarak Çin-Japon Savaşı’nda (1894- 95) test edilen donanmanın, Rus-Japon Savaşı’nda (1904-05) Çarlık donanmasını mağlup eden bir güce evrilmesiyle taçlanmıştır. Japonya, böylece Batı’nın deniz doktrinini alan ve onu Doğu’nun disipliniyle sentezleyerek küresel dengeleri değiştiren ilk Asya devleti olarak tarihe geçmiştir. Bu çalışma, Mahan’ın teorisinin çerçevesini, Japonya’nın modernleşme sürecinde, deniz gücünü bir stratejik araç olarak nasıl benimsediğini ve uyguladığını incelemekte, bir imparatorluğun kaderini değiştiren bu askerî, siyasi ve entelektüel devrimi teşkilat, teçhizat ve tefekkürat boyutunda ortaya koyarak analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır

Anahtar Kelimeler

Deniz Gücü Teorisi , Deniz Stratejisi , Japonya , Mahan , Rus-Japon Savaşı

The İmpact of Mahan's Sea Power Theory on the Japanese Navy and Its Reflection in the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)

Öz

Alfred Thayer Mahan's sea power theory shaped the national strategies of many states. In the process beginning with the Meiji Restoration, Japan adapted Mahan's principles and evolved from an isolated island nation into a regional power, giving rise to a previously non-existent naval force. This transformation was not merely a technological modernization but a profound strategic shift. Meiji leaders blended Mahan's "Sea Power" thesis with Japan's geographical realities and resource scarcity to create a unique model. This process culminated in the evolution of a navy first tested in the First Sino-Japanese War (1894–95) into a force that defeated the Imperial Russian Navy in the Russo-Japanese War (1904–05). Thus, Japan entered history as the first Asian state to adopt Western naval doctrine and synthesize it with Eastern discipline, thereby altering global balances. This study aims to examine how Mahan's theoretical framework was embraced and implemented by Japan in its modernization journey, using sea power as a strategic instrument. It seeks to analyze this military, political, and intellectual revolution that changed the fate of an empire through the dimensions of organization, equipment, and doctrinal framework.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Japan , Mahan , Maritime Strategy , Russo-Japanese War , Sea Power Theory.

Kaynakça

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