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Antimicrobial susceptibilities of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered from perineum and nasal mucosa swab samples of dogs in Niger

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 207 - 213, 31.08.2024

Öz

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is an important opportunistic pathogens of dogs, other domestic animals and humans. The proximity between humans, livestock and antimicrobial use in animals facilitates the emergence and spread of MRSA. In this study, 400 swab samples taken from the perineum and nasal mucosa of dogs. Swab samples were inoculated on 5% blood agar (Sigma® Switzerland) for 24 hours of aerobic incubation at 37 °C, growth with yellowish-white colonies with smooth, slightly raised surfaces were further gram stain and biochemical test of Coagulase and catalase tests was performed. Positive isolates were then inoculated mannitol salt agar (MSA, Oxoid) and incubated for 24 hours at 37 °C and further confirmed using Oxacillin Resistance Screening Basal (ORSAB) medium (Oxoid, Basingstoke, United Kingdom). Antibiotics susceptibility testing was determined using the Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guideline and positive S. aureus were inoculated on Mueller-Hilton Agar (Oxoid) plates and Vanier callipers were used to measure the zones of inhibition in millimetres (mm). Out of the 200 samples each from the nasal mucosa and perineum, 55%(72) and 39.5% (49) were positive for MRSA respectively. Out of the 206 male and 194 female dog sampled, 57.0% (69) and 43.0%(52) were positive for MRSA respectively. Nigerian indigenous breed (Mongrel) has the highest proportion of MRSA isolates with 48.8% (59) while Golden retriever has the least proportion of MRSA isolates with 0.8% (1). Most of the MRSA isolates were resistant to oxacillin, cefoxitin, tetracycline, erythromycin and cephazolin but susceptibile to gentamycin, ciprofloxacin and chloramphenicol.

Etik Beyan

This research did not involve invasive procedure as such an ethics committee approval is not required.

Destekleyen Kurum

university of Maiduguri, Nigeria

Teşekkür

The authors specifically appreciated Malam Yahuza Sulaiman of the bacterial zoonosis laboratory of the Department of Veterinary Public health and Preventive Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria for his technical support.

Kaynakça

  • Abbott, Y., Leggett, B., Rossney, A. S., Leonard, F. C., & Markey, B. K. (2010). Isolation rates of meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dogs, cats and horses in Ireland. Veterinary Record, 166(15), 451-455.
  • Afshar, M.F., Zakaria, Z., Cheng, H.C., and Ahmad, N.I. (2023) Prevalence and multidrug-resistant profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs, cats, and pet owners in Malaysia, Veterinary World, 16(3), 536-545.
  • Aliyu, Y., Reuben, R. C., Abdullahi, I. O., Olayinka, B. O., & Abdullahi, M. S. (2022). A systematic review on the prevalence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from milk and milk products in Nigeria. PAMJ-One Health, 7(15), 1-10.
  • Audu, Y., KU, E., Dauda, J., UM, B., & EC, O. (2022). Seroprevalence of Brucella abortus in dogs and associated risk factors in Gombe State, Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Veterinary and Allied Sciences, 2(2), 98-104.
  • Bauer, A. W., Kirby, W. M. M., Sherris, J. C., & Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4), 493-496.
  • Benkova, M., Soukup, O., & Marek, J. (2020). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: currently used methods and devices and the near future in clinical practice. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 129(4), 806-822.
  • Bouchami, O., Fraqueza, M. J., Faria, N. A., Alves, V., Lawal, O. U., de Lencastre, H., & Miragaia, M. (2020). Evidence for the dissemination to humans of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 through the pork production chain: a study in a Portuguese slaughterhouse. Microorganisms, 8(12), 1892.
  • Cheesbrough, M. (2005). District laboratory practice in tropical countries, part 2. Cambridge university press. Cambridge, UK. p45
  • Crespo-Piazuelo, D., & Lawlor, P. G. (2021). Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) prevalence in humans in close contact with animals and measures to reduce on-farm colonisation. Irish Veterinary Journal, 74, 1-12.
  • CLSI (2019) CLSI document M100 – performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (29th edn). Wayne, PA: CLSI
  • Decline, V., Effendi, M. H., Rahmaniar, R. P., Yanestria, S. M., & Harijani, N. (2020). Profile of antibiotic-resistant and presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from nasal swab of dogs from several animal clinics in Surabaya, Indonesia. International Journal of One Health, 6(1), 90-94.
  • DeLeo, F. R., & Chambers, H. F. (2009). Reemergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era. Journal of Clinical İnvestigation, 119(9), 2464-2474.
  • Findik, A., Ciftci, A., Önyay, T., Sezener, M. G., Koçak, Y., & Gülhan, T. (2018). Determination of methicillin resistance and some genotypic characteristics of staphylococci isolated from dogs and their owners. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 42(6), 549-555.
  • Gomez-Sanz, E., Torres, C., Ceballos, S., Lozano, C., & Zarazaga, M. (2013). Clonal dynamics of nasal Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dog-owning household members. Detection of MSSA ST398. PLoS One, 8(7), e69337.
  • Ishihara, K., Saito, M., Shimokubo, N., Muramatsu, Y., Maetani, S., & Tamura, Y. (2014). Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage among veterinary staff and dogs in private veterinary clinics in Hokkaido, Japan. Microbiology and immunology, 58(3), 149-154.
  • Iverson, S. A., Brazil, A. M., Ferguson, J. M., Nelson, K., Lautenbach, E., Rankin, S. C., ... & Davis, M. F. (2015). Anatomical patterns of colonization of pets with staphylococcal species in homes of people with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin or soft tissue infection (SSTI). Veterinary microbiology, 176(1-2), 202-208.
  • Jang, Y., Cho, J. K., Bahk, G. J., Lim, S. K., & Lee, Y. J. (2014). Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from dogs in Korea. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 62(4), 163-170.
  • Kottler, S., Middleton, J. R., Perry, J., Weese, J. S., & Cohn, L. A. (2010). Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage in three populations. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 24(1), 132-139.
  • Kutdang, E. T., Bukbuk, D. N., & Ajayi, J. A. (2010). The prevalence of intestinal helminths of dogs (Canis familaris) in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Researcher, 2(8), 51-56.
  • Lawal, O. U., Adekanmbi, A. O., & Adelowo, O. O. (2021). Occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in the pig-production chain in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 88(1):a1959.
  • Magiorakos, A. P., Srinivasan, A., Carey, R. B., Carmeli, Y., Falagas, M. E., Giske, C. G., ... & Monnet, D. L. (2012). Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clinical microbiology and infection, 18(3), 268-281.
  • Mustapha, M., Bukar-Kolo, Y. M., Geidam, Y. A., & Gulani, I. A. (2016). Phenotypic and genotypic detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hunting dogs in Maiduguri metropolitan, Borno State, Nigeria. Veterinary world, 9(5), 501.
  • Oh, J. Y., Chae, J. C., Han, J. I., Song, W. K., Lee, C. M., & Park, H. M. (2020). Distribution and epidemiological relatedness of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from companion dogs, owners, and environments. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 82(9), 1379-1386.
  • Penna, B., Silva, M. B., Soares, A. E., Vasconcelos, A. T., Ramundo, M. S., Ferreira, F. A., ... & Figueiredo, A. M. (2021). Comparative genomics of MRSA strains from human and canine origins reveals similar virulence gene repertoire. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 4724.
  • Pfeiffer, D. U. (2002). Veterinary epidemiology- An Introduction. The Royal Veterinary College, University of London Pp54-64
  • Reddy, S. B., Kumari, K. N., & Sivajothi, S. (2016). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from dogs with recurrent pyoderma. Journal of Dairy Veterinary Animal Research, 3(2), 62-65.
  • Rich, M., & Roberts, L. (2004). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from companion Veterinary Record 154(10).310
  • Sweeney, M. T., Lubbers, B. V., Schwarz, S., & Watts, J. L. (2018). Applying definitions for multidrug resistance, extensive drug resistance and pandrug resistance to clinically significant livestock and companion animal bacterial pathogens. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 73(6), 1460-1463. Th
  • rusfield, M. (2005). Veterinarinary epidemiology, 3rd edition Blackwell science ltd London, UK Pp 228-246. Tong, S. Y., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler Jr, V. G. (2015). Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28(3), 603-661.
  • Vincze, S., Stamm, I., Kopp, P. A., Hermes, J., Adlhoch, C., Semmler, T., ... & Walther, B. (2014). Alarming proportions of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in wound samples from companion animals, Germany 2010–2012. PloS one, 9(1), e85656.
  • Wikipedia; 2006. Available from: http://www.en.m.wikipe­dia/wiki/GombeState. [Last accessed on 12th May, 2024].
  • Yakubu, Y., Gaddafi, M. S., Musawa, A. I., Garba, B., Bitrus, A. A., Emeka, A. J., ... & Barka, S. A. (2022). Evidence of methicillin resistant (MRSA) in pet and stray dogs within sokoto metropolis, Nigeria. Folia Veterinaria, 66(2), 54-60.
  • Yaser, T. H., Ahmed, A. M., Humam, A. S., & Adnan, J. S. (2015). Molecular study on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from dogs and associated personnel in Jordan. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 12, 855-860.
  • Zedan, A., Alatfeehy, N., & Marouf, S. (2023). Isolation and antibiogram profiles of staphylococcus aureus isolates from cow milk and dog samples. Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, 8(1), 38-44.
Yıl 2024, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 207 - 213, 31.08.2024

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Abbott, Y., Leggett, B., Rossney, A. S., Leonard, F. C., & Markey, B. K. (2010). Isolation rates of meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus in dogs, cats and horses in Ireland. Veterinary Record, 166(15), 451-455.
  • Afshar, M.F., Zakaria, Z., Cheng, H.C., and Ahmad, N.I. (2023) Prevalence and multidrug-resistant profile of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs, cats, and pet owners in Malaysia, Veterinary World, 16(3), 536-545.
  • Aliyu, Y., Reuben, R. C., Abdullahi, I. O., Olayinka, B. O., & Abdullahi, M. S. (2022). A systematic review on the prevalence of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from milk and milk products in Nigeria. PAMJ-One Health, 7(15), 1-10.
  • Audu, Y., KU, E., Dauda, J., UM, B., & EC, O. (2022). Seroprevalence of Brucella abortus in dogs and associated risk factors in Gombe State, Nigeria. Journal of Sustainable Veterinary and Allied Sciences, 2(2), 98-104.
  • Bauer, A. W., Kirby, W. M. M., Sherris, J. C., & Turck, M. (1966). Antibiotic susceptibility testing by a standardized single disk method. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 45(4), 493-496.
  • Benkova, M., Soukup, O., & Marek, J. (2020). Antimicrobial susceptibility testing: currently used methods and devices and the near future in clinical practice. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 129(4), 806-822.
  • Bouchami, O., Fraqueza, M. J., Faria, N. A., Alves, V., Lawal, O. U., de Lencastre, H., & Miragaia, M. (2020). Evidence for the dissemination to humans of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398 through the pork production chain: a study in a Portuguese slaughterhouse. Microorganisms, 8(12), 1892.
  • Cheesbrough, M. (2005). District laboratory practice in tropical countries, part 2. Cambridge university press. Cambridge, UK. p45
  • Crespo-Piazuelo, D., & Lawlor, P. G. (2021). Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) prevalence in humans in close contact with animals and measures to reduce on-farm colonisation. Irish Veterinary Journal, 74, 1-12.
  • CLSI (2019) CLSI document M100 – performance standards for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (29th edn). Wayne, PA: CLSI
  • Decline, V., Effendi, M. H., Rahmaniar, R. P., Yanestria, S. M., & Harijani, N. (2020). Profile of antibiotic-resistant and presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from nasal swab of dogs from several animal clinics in Surabaya, Indonesia. International Journal of One Health, 6(1), 90-94.
  • DeLeo, F. R., & Chambers, H. F. (2009). Reemergence of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in the genomics era. Journal of Clinical İnvestigation, 119(9), 2464-2474.
  • Findik, A., Ciftci, A., Önyay, T., Sezener, M. G., Koçak, Y., & Gülhan, T. (2018). Determination of methicillin resistance and some genotypic characteristics of staphylococci isolated from dogs and their owners. Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, 42(6), 549-555.
  • Gomez-Sanz, E., Torres, C., Ceballos, S., Lozano, C., & Zarazaga, M. (2013). Clonal dynamics of nasal Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dog-owning household members. Detection of MSSA ST398. PLoS One, 8(7), e69337.
  • Ishihara, K., Saito, M., Shimokubo, N., Muramatsu, Y., Maetani, S., & Tamura, Y. (2014). Methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage among veterinary staff and dogs in private veterinary clinics in Hokkaido, Japan. Microbiology and immunology, 58(3), 149-154.
  • Iverson, S. A., Brazil, A. M., Ferguson, J. M., Nelson, K., Lautenbach, E., Rankin, S. C., ... & Davis, M. F. (2015). Anatomical patterns of colonization of pets with staphylococcal species in homes of people with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) skin or soft tissue infection (SSTI). Veterinary microbiology, 176(1-2), 202-208.
  • Jang, Y., Cho, J. K., Bahk, G. J., Lim, S. K., & Lee, Y. J. (2014). Characterization of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. isolated from dogs in Korea. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research, 62(4), 163-170.
  • Kottler, S., Middleton, J. R., Perry, J., Weese, J. S., & Cohn, L. A. (2010). Prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage in three populations. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 24(1), 132-139.
  • Kutdang, E. T., Bukbuk, D. N., & Ajayi, J. A. (2010). The prevalence of intestinal helminths of dogs (Canis familaris) in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Researcher, 2(8), 51-56.
  • Lawal, O. U., Adekanmbi, A. O., & Adelowo, O. O. (2021). Occurrence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci in the pig-production chain in Ibadan, Nigeria. The Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 88(1):a1959.
  • Magiorakos, A. P., Srinivasan, A., Carey, R. B., Carmeli, Y., Falagas, M. E., Giske, C. G., ... & Monnet, D. L. (2012). Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Clinical microbiology and infection, 18(3), 268-281.
  • Mustapha, M., Bukar-Kolo, Y. M., Geidam, Y. A., & Gulani, I. A. (2016). Phenotypic and genotypic detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hunting dogs in Maiduguri metropolitan, Borno State, Nigeria. Veterinary world, 9(5), 501.
  • Oh, J. Y., Chae, J. C., Han, J. I., Song, W. K., Lee, C. M., & Park, H. M. (2020). Distribution and epidemiological relatedness of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from companion dogs, owners, and environments. Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 82(9), 1379-1386.
  • Penna, B., Silva, M. B., Soares, A. E., Vasconcelos, A. T., Ramundo, M. S., Ferreira, F. A., ... & Figueiredo, A. M. (2021). Comparative genomics of MRSA strains from human and canine origins reveals similar virulence gene repertoire. Scientific Reports, 11(1), 4724.
  • Pfeiffer, D. U. (2002). Veterinary epidemiology- An Introduction. The Royal Veterinary College, University of London Pp54-64
  • Reddy, S. B., Kumari, K. N., & Sivajothi, S. (2016). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from dogs with recurrent pyoderma. Journal of Dairy Veterinary Animal Research, 3(2), 62-65.
  • Rich, M., & Roberts, L. (2004). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from companion Veterinary Record 154(10).310
  • Sweeney, M. T., Lubbers, B. V., Schwarz, S., & Watts, J. L. (2018). Applying definitions for multidrug resistance, extensive drug resistance and pandrug resistance to clinically significant livestock and companion animal bacterial pathogens. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 73(6), 1460-1463. Th
  • rusfield, M. (2005). Veterinarinary epidemiology, 3rd edition Blackwell science ltd London, UK Pp 228-246. Tong, S. Y., Davis, J. S., Eichenberger, E., Holland, T. L., & Fowler Jr, V. G. (2015). Staphylococcus aureus infections: epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 28(3), 603-661.
  • Vincze, S., Stamm, I., Kopp, P. A., Hermes, J., Adlhoch, C., Semmler, T., ... & Walther, B. (2014). Alarming proportions of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in wound samples from companion animals, Germany 2010–2012. PloS one, 9(1), e85656.
  • Wikipedia; 2006. Available from: http://www.en.m.wikipe­dia/wiki/GombeState. [Last accessed on 12th May, 2024].
  • Yakubu, Y., Gaddafi, M. S., Musawa, A. I., Garba, B., Bitrus, A. A., Emeka, A. J., ... & Barka, S. A. (2022). Evidence of methicillin resistant (MRSA) in pet and stray dogs within sokoto metropolis, Nigeria. Folia Veterinaria, 66(2), 54-60.
  • Yaser, T. H., Ahmed, A. M., Humam, A. S., & Adnan, J. S. (2015). Molecular study on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from dogs and associated personnel in Jordan. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 12, 855-860.
  • Zedan, A., Alatfeehy, N., & Marouf, S. (2023). Isolation and antibiogram profiles of staphylococcus aureus isolates from cow milk and dog samples. Journal of Applied Veterinary Sciences, 8(1), 38-44.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Veteriner Bilimleri (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Yusuf Lekko 0000-0002-8436-9846

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2024
Gönderilme Tarihi 16 Temmuz 2024
Kabul Tarihi 8 Ağustos 2024
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2024 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Lekko, Y. (2024). Antimicrobial susceptibilities of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered from perineum and nasal mucosa swab samples of dogs in Niger. Journal of Istanbul Veterinary Sciences, 8(2), 207-213.

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