Yatan Hastalarda Raporlanan Advers İlaç Reaksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi

Yıl 2023, , 452 - 468, 31.08.2023

Yasemin Aslan

https://doi.org/10.21020/husbfd.1146973

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, bir üniversite hastanesinde bildirimi yapılan advers ilaç reaksiyonlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma tanımlayıcı tipte kesitsel bir araştırmadır. Veriler, 01.01.2018-31.12.2021 tarihleri arasında hastanenin Eczane Müdürlüğü kayıtlarında arşivlenen 95 adet “Türkiye Farmakovijilans Merkezi Advers Reaksiyon Bildirim Formu” kullanılarak retrospektif olarak incelenmiştir. Microsoft Excel programına aktarılan verilerin analizinde PivotTable raporlarından ve tanımlayıcı istatistiklerden yararlanılmıştır. Advers reaksiyona neden olduğundan şüphelenilen ilaçların sınıflandırılmasında “Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Anatomik Terapötik Kimyasal Sınıflandırma Sistemi” kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmada, bildirimi yapılan advers reaksiyonların %40,9’unun dermatolojik belirtiler ve %18,8’inin solunum sıkıntısı olduğu saptanmıştır. Advers reaksiyon gelişen hastaların %41,1’inin akut lenfoblastik lösemi, %10,5’inin üst solunum yolu enfeksiyonu tanısı aldığı görülmüştür. Hastaların %82,1’inde ciddi olmayan advers etkilerin geliştiği ve advers reaksiyon gelişen hastaların %86,3’ünün iyileştiği tespit edilmiştir. Advers etkiye neden olduğu düşünülen ilaçların %51,6’sının sistemik antienfektifler ve %27,4’ünün antineoplastik ve immünomodülatör ajanlar grubuna dahil olduğu saptanmıştır.
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda advers reaksiyona en fazla neden olan ilaç gruplarının sistemik antienfektifler ile antineoplastik ve immünomodülatör ajanlar olduğu ve en sık görülen advers reaksiyonların dermatolojik belirtiler olduğu saptanmıştır. Advers ilaç reaksiyonu gelişmesi açısından yüksek riskli grupta yer alan hasta ve ilaçların tanınması, advers reaksiyonlar konusunda çalışanlara eğitim verilmesi ve advers reaksiyon nedenlerinin tespit edilmesi için ileri düzey çalışmalar yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Advers ilaç reaksiyonu, üniversite hastanesi, yatan hastalar

Destekleyen Kurum

Çalışmayı destekleyen herhangi bir kurum bulunmamaktadır.

Evaluation of Adverse Drug Reactions Reported in Inpatients

Öz

Objectives: In this study, it was aimed to determine the adverse drug reactions reported in a university hospital.
Materials and Methods: The study is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were analyzed retrospectively using 95 “Turkish Pharmacovigilance Center Adverse Reaction Notification Forms” archived in the hospital's Pharmacy Department records between January 01,2018 and December 31,2021. Microsoft Excel PivotTable reports and descriptive statistics were used in the analysis of the data. “The World Health Organization Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System” was used to classify drugs suspected to cause adverse reactions.
Results: In the study, 40.9% of the reported adverse reactions were dermatological symptoms and 18.8% were respiratory distress. It was observed that 41.1% of the patients who developed adverse reactions were diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 10.5% were diagnosed with upper respiratory tract infection. It was determined that 82.1% of the patients developed non-serious adverse reactions and 86.3% of the patients who developed adverse reactions recovered. It was determined that 51.6% of the drugs thought to cause adverse reactions were included in the group of systemic anti-infectives and 27.4% in the group of antineoplastic and immunomodulatory agents.
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that the drug groups that caused the most adverse reactions were systemic antiinfectives, antineoplastics, and immunomodulatory agents, and the most common adverse reactions were dermatological symptoms. It is recommended to identify patients and drugs in the high-risk group for adverse drug reactions, training to employees about adverse reactions, and to carry out advanced studies on the causes of adverse reactions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adverse drug reaction, university hospital, inpatients

Kaynakça

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