Life Skills and Occupational Therapy in Children and Adolescents

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 264 - 275, 30.12.2019

Özge Buket Cesim Hatice Abaoğlu Zeynep Çelik Tarık Demirok

Öz

In occupational therapy, skills are defined as
performance elements acquired through training and practice. Skills contribute
to the function of individuals as part of the community to which they belong.
Occupational therapists help clients to create individualized goals through
life skills training. Life skills training consists of programs for children
and adolescents to meet the requirements of life and to develop the social,
emotional, behavioral and interpersonal skills of these individuals.
Observations, interviews, questionnaires, checklists and standard assessments
can be used to assess life skills. Several standardized tests are available for
these assessments. Life skills training programs can be given to cope with
alcohol, tobacco and substance abuse and chronic diseases such as diabetes. In
these programs, studies on bonding, flexibility, self-control, self-efficacy,
positive identity as well as physical, cognitive, social, emotional and
behavioral and moral competence can be found. Cognitive-behavioral skills
training techniques and didactic teaching methods are used in this training. In
addition, it is important to implement this training in schools in order to
reach children and adolescents who have received inclusive education more
easily.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Children, adolescent, life skills

Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Yaşam Becerileri ve Ergoterapi

Öz

Ergoterapi alanında beceri, eğitim ve uygulama
yoluyla edinilen performans unsuru olarak tanımlanır. Beceriler, kişilerin ait
oldukları topluluğun bir parçası olarak işlev görmesine katkıda bulunur.
Ergoterapistler, danışanlara yaşam becerileri eğitimi yoluyla
bireyselleştirilmiş hedefler yaratmalarında yardımcı olurlar. Yaşam becerileri
eğitimi, çocukların ve ergenlerin hayatın gerekliliklerini karşılamaları
amacıyla verilen ve bu bireylerin sosyal, duygusal, davranışsal ve kişilerarası
becerilerini geliştirmeyi sağlayan programlardan oluşmaktadır. Yaşam becerileri
değerlendirilirken gözlem, görüşmeler, anketler, kontrol listeleri ve standart
değerlendirmeler kullanılabilir. Bu değerlendirmelere yönelik birçok
standardize test mevcuttur. Yaşam becerileri eğitimi programları; alkol, tütün
ve madde kullanımı ve diyabet gibi kronik hastalıklarla başa çıkma amacıyla
verilebilmektedir. Bu programlarda bağ kurma, esneklik, öz denetim, öz
yeterlilik, pozitif kimlikle birlikte fiziksel, bilişsel, sosyal, duygusal ve
davranışsal ve ahlaki yeterliliğe yönelik çalışmalar bulunabilmektedir. Bu
eğitim verilirken bilişsel-davranışçı beceri eğitimi teknikleri, didaktik
öğretim yöntemleri kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca kaynaştırma eğitim alan çocuk ve
ergenlere daha kolay ulaşabilmek amacıyla bu eğitimin okullarda uygulanması
önemlidir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çocuk, ergen, yaşam becerisi

Kaynakça

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