Effect of Muscle Tendon Morphology on Physical Performance and Balance in Elderly Individuals

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 477 - 490, 02.08.2024

Fatma Kübra Çekok Ayşenur Gökşen

Öz

Objectives: Muscle-tendon morphology changes with the aging process. This study aimed to examine the relationship between lower extremity-related muscle-tendon morphology and functional movement and balance ability in elderly individuals.
Materials and Methods: 60 (male = 27, female = 33) elderly individuals with an average age of 65–80 years were included in the study. The mechanical properties of the rectus femoris, biceps femoris, patellar tendon, tibialis anterior Achilles Tendon and gastrocnemius muscles were evaluated with the Myoton® PRO device. Individuals' cognitive functions were evaluated with the Mini-Mental Test (MMSE), and their physical performance and balance functions were evaluated with the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), and 30-second Sit-and-Go Test.
Results: According to the results of the study, there was a positive correlation between rectus femoris muscle elasticity and the 30-second sit-to-stand test (p = 0.011). gastrocnemius and Achilles elasticity in the distal lower extremity were found to be associated with BBS results. (p=0.035**; p=0.016**). When the muscle tone data of the muscles in the lower extremity were examined, it was found that tibialis anterior and Achilles Tendon tone were effective on balance (p = 0.030; p<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results obtained from this research, muscle tone values in the distal lower extremity were found to be related to balance. For elderly individuals to maintain their balance during functional movements, proximal muscle weakness is compensated by the distal muscles. It is predicted that it will be compensated, especially with foot-ankle strategies. The results obtained from the study showed that changes in the mechanical properties of the muscles and tendons around the ankle of elderly individuals will affect their functional movement capacity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

muscle, tendon, mechanical properties, physical performance.

Yaşlı Bireylerin Kas Tendon Morfolojisinin Fiziksel Performans ve Denge Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Yaşlanma süreci ile kas-tendon morfolojisi değişmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yaşlı bireylerde alt ekstremite ile ilişkili kas-tendon morfolojisinin, fonksiyonel hareket ve denge yeteneği ile ilişkisini incelemektir.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Araştırmaya yaş ortalaması 65-80 yıl arasında değişen 60 (erkek= 27, kadın= 33) yaşlı birey dahil edildi. Rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior ve gastroknemius kaslarının mekanik özellikleri ile; patellar tendon ve Aşil Tendonunun mekanik özellikleri Myoton® PRO cihazı ile değerlendirildi. Bireylerin bilişsel fonksiyonları Mini Mental Test (MMSE) ile, fiziksel performansları ve denge fonksiyonları ise Berg Denge Ölçeği (BDÖ), Zamanlı kalk ve Yürü Testi (ZKYT) ve 30 sn otur kalk Testi ile değerlendirildi.
Bulgular: Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre rectus femoris kas esnekliği ile 30 sn otur kalk testi arasında pozitif bir korelasyon vardır (p=0,011). Alt ekstremite distalinde yer alan gastroknemius ve Aşil Tendonunun esnekliği BDÖ sonuçları ile ilişkili bulundu. (p=0,035**; p=0,016**). Alt ekstremitede yer alan kasların kas tonus verilerine bakıldığında, tibialis anterior ve Aşil Tendon tonusunun denge üzerinde etkili olduğu bulundu (p=0,030; p<0,001).
Sonuç: Bu araştırmadan elde edilen sonuçlara göre; alt ekstremitenin distalinde yer alan kas tonus değerleri denge ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Yaşlı bireylerin fonksiyonel hareketler sırasında dengelerini koruyabilmek için, proksimal kas zayıflığını distalde yer alan kaslar ile; özellikle de ayak-ayak bileği stratejileri ile telafi ettiği öngörülmüştür. Çalışmadan elde edilen sonuçlar, yaşlı bireylerin ayak bileği çevresinde yer alan kas ve tendonlardaki mekanik özelliklerde oluşan değişimlerin, fonksiyonel hareket kapasitesini etkileyeceğini gösterdi.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kas, tendon, mekanik özellikler, fiziksel performans.

Kaynakça

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