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Roaring Youth Subculture as Street Gang in A Clockwork Orange

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 60 - 72, 27.04.2022

Öz

Youth subcultures mostly arise within mainstream cultures that determine the norms of the way of living in communities. The antagonistic way of thinking and manners of youth subcultures emerge together with unique dialects, dressing styles and behavioural patterns. The youth subcultures aim to shatter the predetermined and inherited notions, that are patriarchal, restrictor and discriminator, in the public sphere therefore they are mostly found violent, rebellious and peevish. This study aims to show how youth subcultures emerge from mainstream cultures in societies as reactions to dominant notions of communities and the ways to control them through the excerpts from Anthony Burgess’s A Clockwork Orange (1962). The work will be examined briefly throughout this study to show that with argots and styles, the members of the subcultures, which may mostly be derived from violent actions, become dissidents in the controlling governments. The government’s aim is to penalise dissidents with forced punishments through its institutions, such as prisons or/and asylums. However, any forceful action that is against free will, even if it is innately good, is bad, and dissidents become the victims of the government because the governmental punishments do not pave the way to betterment, on the contrary, its forced solutions against anomalous agents—any agent that performs unorthodoxly—in the communities exacerbate the predicament further.

Kaynakça

  • Ağın, Başak. Racism and Violence in Black Metal and Ska Lyrics. 2006. Hacettepe U, MA thesis.
  • Arendt, Hannah. The Origins of Totalitarianism. Harcourt Brace, 1976.
  • Boyd, Neil. The Beast Within: Why Men Are Violent. Greystone, 2000.
  • Burgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange. Penguin, 2000.
  • Clarke, John, et al. “Subcultures, Cultures and Class.” Resistance Through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain, edited by Stuart Hall and Tony Jefferson, Routledge, 2003, pp. 3-59.
  • “A Clockwork Orange and Nadsat.” The International Anthony Burgess Foundation, 8 Nov. 2016, www.anthonyburgess.org/a-clockwork-orange/a-clockwork-orange-and-nadsat/. Accessed 7 Dec. 2021.
  • Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punishment: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan Sheridan, Vintage Books, 1995.
  • Fowler, Roger. “Anti-language in Fiction.” Style, vol. 13, no. 3, 1979, pp. 259-278.
  • Gramsci, Antonio. Selections from Political Writings (1921-1926). Translated and edited by Quintin Hoare, Lawrence and Wishart, 1978.
  • Gurbanov, Ümid. “Anthony Burgess: Otomatik Portakal ve Şiddet Üzerine (1973) | Türkçe Altyazılı.” YouTube, 12 Nov. 2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kY0FWJif-A. Accessed 7 Dec. 2021.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. “Anti-Languages.” American Anthropologist, vol. 78, no. 3, 1976, pp. 570-584.
  • Hebdige, Dick. Subculture: The Meaning of Style. London, Routledge, 2002.
  • Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: An Essay of Abjection. Translated by Leon S. Roudiez, Columbia UP, 1982.
  • Morrison, Blake. Introduction. A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess, Penguin, 2000, pp. vii-xxiv.
  • “The Music of A Clockwork Orange.” The International Anthony Burgess Foundation, 8 Nov. 2016, https://www.anthonyburgess.org/a-clockwork-orange/the-music-of-a-clockwork-orange/. Accessed 22 Mar. 2022.
  • Rabinovitz, Rubin. “Ethical Values in Anthony Burgess’s Clockwork Orange.” Studies in The Novel, vol. 11, no. 1, 1979, pp. 43-50.
  • Sassoon, Anne Showstach. “Hegemony.” A Dictionary of Marxist Thought, edited by Tom Mottomore, Blacwell, 1991, pp. 229-231.
  • Saussure, Ferdinand de. Course in General Linguistics. Translated by Wade Baskin, edited by Perry Miesel and Haun Saussy, Columbia UP, 2011.
  • Stevenson, Michael. “A Clockwork Orange: Anthony Burgess & Malcom McDowell Interview.” YouTube, 19 Dec. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v= EYAKTYhoIkM. Accessed 7 Dec. 2021.
  • Turner, Graeme. British Cultural Studies. London, Routledge, 2005.
  • Zengin, Mevlüde. “Anthony Burgess’s Dystopian Vision in A Clockwork Orange: From Ultra-Violence and Dehumanization of Man to Reliance on Human Goodness.” İnönü University International Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 4, no. 2, 2015, pp. 91-102.
Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 60 - 72, 27.04.2022

Öz

Kaynakça

  • Ağın, Başak. Racism and Violence in Black Metal and Ska Lyrics. 2006. Hacettepe U, MA thesis.
  • Arendt, Hannah. The Origins of Totalitarianism. Harcourt Brace, 1976.
  • Boyd, Neil. The Beast Within: Why Men Are Violent. Greystone, 2000.
  • Burgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange. Penguin, 2000.
  • Clarke, John, et al. “Subcultures, Cultures and Class.” Resistance Through Rituals: Youth Subcultures in Post-War Britain, edited by Stuart Hall and Tony Jefferson, Routledge, 2003, pp. 3-59.
  • “A Clockwork Orange and Nadsat.” The International Anthony Burgess Foundation, 8 Nov. 2016, www.anthonyburgess.org/a-clockwork-orange/a-clockwork-orange-and-nadsat/. Accessed 7 Dec. 2021.
  • Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punishment: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan Sheridan, Vintage Books, 1995.
  • Fowler, Roger. “Anti-language in Fiction.” Style, vol. 13, no. 3, 1979, pp. 259-278.
  • Gramsci, Antonio. Selections from Political Writings (1921-1926). Translated and edited by Quintin Hoare, Lawrence and Wishart, 1978.
  • Gurbanov, Ümid. “Anthony Burgess: Otomatik Portakal ve Şiddet Üzerine (1973) | Türkçe Altyazılı.” YouTube, 12 Nov. 2021, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kY0FWJif-A. Accessed 7 Dec. 2021.
  • Halliday, M. A. K. “Anti-Languages.” American Anthropologist, vol. 78, no. 3, 1976, pp. 570-584.
  • Hebdige, Dick. Subculture: The Meaning of Style. London, Routledge, 2002.
  • Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: An Essay of Abjection. Translated by Leon S. Roudiez, Columbia UP, 1982.
  • Morrison, Blake. Introduction. A Clockwork Orange by Anthony Burgess, Penguin, 2000, pp. vii-xxiv.
  • “The Music of A Clockwork Orange.” The International Anthony Burgess Foundation, 8 Nov. 2016, https://www.anthonyburgess.org/a-clockwork-orange/the-music-of-a-clockwork-orange/. Accessed 22 Mar. 2022.
  • Rabinovitz, Rubin. “Ethical Values in Anthony Burgess’s Clockwork Orange.” Studies in The Novel, vol. 11, no. 1, 1979, pp. 43-50.
  • Sassoon, Anne Showstach. “Hegemony.” A Dictionary of Marxist Thought, edited by Tom Mottomore, Blacwell, 1991, pp. 229-231.
  • Saussure, Ferdinand de. Course in General Linguistics. Translated by Wade Baskin, edited by Perry Miesel and Haun Saussy, Columbia UP, 2011.
  • Stevenson, Michael. “A Clockwork Orange: Anthony Burgess & Malcom McDowell Interview.” YouTube, 19 Dec. 2016, www.youtube.com/watch?v= EYAKTYhoIkM. Accessed 7 Dec. 2021.
  • Turner, Graeme. British Cultural Studies. London, Routledge, 2005.
  • Zengin, Mevlüde. “Anthony Burgess’s Dystopian Vision in A Clockwork Orange: From Ultra-Violence and Dehumanization of Man to Reliance on Human Goodness.” İnönü University International Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 4, no. 2, 2015, pp. 91-102.
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular İngiliz ve İrlanda Dili, Edebiyatı ve Kültürü, Edebi Çalışmalar, Kültürel çalışmalar
Bölüm Research Articles
Yazarlar

F. Berna Uysal Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-4359-0242

Yayımlanma Tarihi 27 Nisan 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 23 Ocak 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

MLA Uysal, F. Berna. “Roaring Youth Subculture As Street Gang in A Clockwork Orange”. IDEAS: Journal of English Literary Studies, c. 2, sy. 1, 2022, ss. 60-72.

IDEAS: Journal of English Literary Studies is published by The English Language and Literature Research Association of Türkiye (IDEA).